Effect of cow energy status on the hypercholesterolaemic fatty acid proportion in raw milk

Duchãcek, Jaromãr; Stádník, Luděk; Ptáček, Martin; Beran, Jan; Okrouhlá, Monika; Čítek, J.; Stupka, Roman

doi:10.17221/360/2013-cjfs

Cited by 17 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Wolfová et al, 2007;Ducháček et al, 2014). Contents of SFAs, MUFAs and PUFAs determined in our study are within the range that has been recently reported for these FA groups in H and CF cows (Samková et al, 2014;Stádník et al, 2013;Ducháček et al, 2014). As mentioned earlier, breed belongs to factors affecting FA composition of milk fat, as proved in recent studies (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

The effect of cattle breed, season and type of diet on the fatty acid profile of raw milk

et al. 2016

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Abstract. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of cow breed, season and type of diet on the fatty acid (FA) profile of raw milk. A 2-year study was conducted on bulk milk samples collected from eight herds consisting of Czech Fleckvieh (CF, four herds) and Holstein (H, four herds) breeds. One half of the herds of each breed was grazed (G), while the other half was not (N). Samples were collected twice in winter (W) and twice in summer (S). Milk yield in CF (5385.50 kg) was lower than in H (7015.15 kg, P < 0.05). The effect of breed was found in odd-chain, branch-chain and hypercholesterolemic FAs (P < 0.05). The content of fat was lower in summer (S) than in winter (W), being 3.71 and 3.91 g 100 g −1 , respectively (P < 0.05). The proportion of saturated and polyunsaturated FAs was lower in S than in W (P < 0.05). The content of monounsaturated FAs was higher in S (30.69 g 100 g −1 ) than in W (27.72 g 100 g −1 , P < 0.05). Milk yield in grazing herds (G, 5197.50 kg) was lower (P < 0.05) than in non-grazing herds (N, 7203.75 kg). The sum of saturated and hypercholesterolemic FAs was lower and the sum of monounsaturated and odd-chain FAs was higher in G than in N (P < 0.05). Content of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and C18:3n3 was higher in G (0.93 and 0.64 g 100 g −1 ) than in N (0.42 and 0.39 g 100 g −1 , respectively, P < 0.001).

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

The effect of cattle breed, season and type of diet on the fatty acid profile of raw milk

et al. 2016

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“…NEFA levels can be increased through increased mobilization of stored lipids, which can thereby indicate metabolic disorders, such as ketosis and fatty liver syndrome (Duffield et al, 1998;Fiore et al, 2017). The first measurable indicator of ketogenesis is an increase in BHB concentration in the blood (Payne and Payne, 1987;Schulz et al, 2014) The utilization of energy reserves is also reflected in the milk fat content (Bauman et al, 2006), namely in the fatty acid (FA) composition and mutual ratios between individual FA groups (Ducháček et al, 2014). Milk FA and protein contents are correlated with metabolic status (Mulligan et al, 2006); therefore, measurement of these two parameters is usually recommended for the determination of negative energy balance (Gross et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Milk fatty acid composition as an indicator of energy status in Holstein dairy cows

et al. 2017

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Abstract. Transition dairy cows often enter a stage of negative energy balance during which the utilization of energy reserves is reflected in the milk fatty acid (FA) composition. In this study, metabolic status was evaluated by measuring milk FA, ruminal short-chain FA (RSCFA), and serum biochemical parameters in Holstein cows. Samples (milk, rumen contents, and blood) were collected around days 30 (early) and 150 (middle) of lactation, and rumen contents and blood samples were collected 30 days before calving (dry). Fatty acids were extracted and FA composition was determined. Glucose, triacylglycerols, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), beta-hydroxybutyric acid (BHB), and non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) concentrations were determined in serum samples. Lower percentages of saturated FA in milk and higher percentages of monounsaturated FA, polyunsaturated FA, and C18:1n-9 were observed in early lactation compared to mid-lactation. In rumen higher concentrations of propionic acid were determined at mid-lactation compared to early lactation. Acetic and butyric acid concentrations showed no significant differences between sampling intervals. In serum higher glucose concentrations were observed during the dry period and mid-lactation than during early lactation. Lower BHB and higher NEFA concentrations were noted during early lactation compared to mid-lactation and the dry period. Total cholesterol, LDL-C, HDL-C and triacylglycerols showed no significant differences between sampling intervals. The results of the present study suggest that determination of milk FA is a potential indicator of energy status in dairy cows.

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“…Milk composition is affected in general by genotype (Stádník et al, 1999; K adlecová et al, 2014), feeding system and nutrition level (Rego et al, 2009), systems of milking (Bobić et al, 2013), morphology of teat and udder (Szencziová et al, 2013) as well as other factors. The milk fat is a key component of raw milk determining energy balance of cows (K adlecová et al, 2014) as well as processing, technological, and nutritional quality of milk (Ducháček et al, 2014). It is also one of the most variable parts of raw milk at the same time .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relations between basic milk components and free fatty acid content in Holstein cow milk as lipolysis parameter

et al. 2015

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The aim of this study was to evaluate in detail the relationship between the basic milk components (fat and protein percentage) and the free fatty acids (FFA) content, as indicators of spontaneous and/or induced lipolysis. The additional aim of the study was to compare the FFA content of milk with respect to spontaneous and induced lipolysis. Milking was carried out in herringbone parlour twice a day. In total, 540 milk samples were obtained for evaluation of spontaneous (n=240) and induced lipolysis (n=300). The milk samples for determination of basic milk components and FFA (lipolysis) levels were collected during four subsequent lactation weeks. Milk samples for spontaneous lipolysis detection were taken directly in parlour immediately after milking using the ICAR methodology and subsequently grouped. Induced lipolysis was observed from bulk milk in time 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 hours after milking (T0-T4). The evaluation of basic components and FFA content was carried on MILKOSCAN F120 (Foss Electronic; Denmark). Statistical evaluation was carried out using SAS 9.3. (SAS/STAT ® 9.3, 2011). An increase of one percentage of milk fat was equal to 0.318 mmol x 100 g -1 FFA decline (spontaneous lipolysis) or from 0.232 to 0.370 mmol x 100 g -1 FFA decline (induced lipolysis T0-T4) respectively. One percentage increase of milk protein was equal to 1.219 mmol x 100 g -1 FFA increase (spontaneous lipolysis) or 0.421 to 1.531 mmol x 100 g -1 FFA decrease (induced lipolysis T0 -T4) respectively. Significant differences (P<0.01) were detected among FFA content in relation to spontaneous and induced lipolysis evaluated during storage and cooling after milking. The minimal differences were detected between the FFA content during 4 hours cooling and storage of milk in the tank.

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Effect of cow energy status on the hypercholesterolaemic fatty acid proportion in raw milk

Cited by 17 publications

References 39 publications

The effect of cattle breed, season and type of diet on the fatty acid profile of raw milk

The effect of cattle breed, season and type of diet on the fatty acid profile of raw milk

Milk fatty acid composition as an indicator of energy status in Holstein dairy cows

Relations between basic milk components and free fatty acid content in Holstein cow milk as lipolysis parameter

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