Effect of cowpea on growth and yield parameter in a maize-cowpea intercrop

Iderawumi, Abdulraheem Mukhtar

doi:10.26524/jms.2014.5

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…To the contrary, the MBS treatments recorded the least number of leaves in 1 st season and in maize banana during 2 nd season. These findings are in agreement with earlier findings of [19]. The highest number of leaves in fertilized maize was due to readily available nutrients that were released to the maize plants.…”

Section: Effect Of Intercropping Maize and Banana With Agroforestry Tree Species On Number Of Green Leaves Of Maizesupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Despite these findings, there is limited information on how Sesbania sesban, Calliandra callothyrsus and Leucaena diversifolia agroforestry trees affect plant height of maize and bananas in Vihiga County. Iderawumi [19] observed that the number of leaves in maize and cowpeas intercrop increased compared to sole crops. In different findings by Amos et al [20] highest vegetative growth was reported when intercropped with maize.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Growth and Gas Exchange Responses of Maize and Banana Plants in an Intercrop with Agroforestry Tree Species in Vihiga County, Kenya

Simiyu

Musyimi

Sikuku

et al. 2021

AJRCS

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Agroforestry trees have been reported to improve soil fertility through nitrogen fixation, coupled with leaves and twig decomposition. High human population pressure in Vihiga County has led to reduced land area under farming. This has resulted into increased demand for food and consequently forced smallholder farmers in the region to carry out poor farming practices such as continuous cultivation and clearing of trees to avail more land for crop production. The poor farming practices have occasioned severe land degradation, climate change and reduced farm productivity. However, it is not known how intercropping maize and banana with Sesbania sesban, Calliandra calothyrsus and Leucaena diversifolia impacts on the growth and gas exchange parameters of maize and banana. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of intercropping agroforestry tree species with maize and banana on maize and banana height, leaf area, number of leaves, stem diameter, intercellular Carbon (IV) oxide concentration, transpiration rate and net photosynthesis in Vihiga County. The study was conducted at Maseno university farm located in Vihiga County in Kenya. The Williams varieties of banana of the same age were obtained from KALRO-Thika. Seeds of selected agroforestry trees were obtained from KEFRI – Muguga, planted in a seedbed and the seedlings raised in nurseries before being transplanted in the study plots. Hybrid maize seed (H513) was purchased from an agrovet. Banana holes were dug 2x2 feet, 20 Kg of decomposed cow dung manure + 20 Kg of top soil + 200g of NPK fertilizer added in each banana hole before planting. A Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 3 replications was used with seven treatment levels of unfertilized Maize (M), Banana (B), Maize + Banana + Calliandra (MBC), Maize+ Banana+ Leucaena (MBL), Maize+ Banana+ Sesbania (MBS), Maize + Banana (MB) and Fertilized Maize (MF). Maize was planted at 0.75 m inter row by 0.3 m spacing. Fifteen (15) tagged maize and four (4) banana plants in each plot were sampled for measurement of height, number of green leaves, leaf area, stem diameter, intercellular Carbon (IV) oxide concentration, transpiration rate and net photosynthetic rate. The data was subjected to Analysis of Variance using Genstat statistical package version 15.2. Means were separated using Fischers’ protected LSD test at 95% confidence level. The MBS treatment showed higher growth in terms of height, leaf area, number of leaves and stem diameter throughout the study period. Increased growth seen under fertilized maize was not significantly different from those under MBS. Gas exchange responses had no significant differences (p≤0.05) among most treatments. However, agroforestry tree species had shown higher intercellular Carbon (IV) oxide concentration, transpiration rates and net photosynthesis of maize and banana plants. Sesbania sesban reported maximum intercellular Carbon (IV) oxide concentration, transpiration rates and net photosynthesis as compared to those treatments without agroforestry trees. Therefore, incorporating nitrogen-fixing trees in farming could have a positive impact on growth, increased carbon (IV) oxide intake, transpiration rates and net photosynthetic rate. Sesbania sesban promoted growth and recorded higher gas exchange parameters of maize and banana. These findings may be used to advice smallholder farmers of Vihiga County on the best intercropping system and agroforestry tree species to adopt for maximum maize and banana yield.

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Section: Effect Of Intercropping Maize and Banana With Agroforestry Tree Species On Number Of Green Leaves Of Maizesupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth and Gas Exchange Responses of Maize and Banana Plants in an Intercrop with Agroforestry Tree Species in Vihiga County, Kenya

Simiyu

Musyimi

Sikuku

et al. 2021

AJRCS

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“…V. unguiculata takes part of human diet in African countries [12] because it has high contents in protein (23%), carbohydrates (56%) and fiber (4%) that can fulfil the human essential amino acid requirements complemented with cereals [11]. Moreover this legume has great agronomic interest due to its resistance to acidity, dryness and high temperatures [5,8] and by the establishment of nitrogen-fixing symbiosis that allow its use in intercrops with cereals, mainly maize, in the African countries [9,14]. In these African countries this legume establishes nitrogen-fixing symbioses with several slow growing strains from genus Bradyrhizobium being B. yuanmingense and B. elkanii the main species identified in cowpea nodules [16,25,36].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vigna unguiculata is nodulated in Spain by endosymbionts of Genisteae legumes and by a new symbiovar (vignae) of the genus Bradyrhizobium

Bejarano

Ramírez-Bahena

Velázquez

et al. 2014

Systematic and Applied Microbiology

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Vigna unguiculata was introduced into Europe from its distribution centre in Africa, and it is currently being cultivated in Mediterranean regions with adequate edapho-climatic conditions where the slow growing rhizobia nodulating this legume have not yet been studied. Previous studies based on rrs gene and ITS region analyses have shown that Bradyrhizobium yuanmingense and B. elkanii nodulated V. unguiculata in Africa, but these two species were not found in this study. Using the same phylogenetic markers it was shown that V. unguiculata, a legume from the tribe Phaseolae, was nodulated in Spain by two species of group I, B. cytisi and B. canariense, which are common endosymbionts of Genisteae in both Europe and Africa. These species have not been found to date in V. unguiculata nodules in its African distribution centres. All strains from Bradyrhizobium group I isolated in Spain belonged to the symbiovar genistearum, which is found at present only in Genisteae legumes in both Africa and Europe. V. unguiculata was also nodulated in Spain by a strain from Bradyrhizobium group II that belonged to a novel symbiovar (vignae). Some African V. unguiculata-nodulating strains also belonged to this proposed new symbiovar.

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“…Cropping systems (strip intercropping and monocropping) that supported higher plant height and pod numbers consistently produced higher grain yield, except during 2016-2017, when the number of pods was higher under mixed intercropping due to irregular plant density or no patterned plant arrangement, which led to less optimal plant population (Gabatshele et al 2012). Iderawumi and Friday (2013) and Matusso et al (2014) reported that mono-cropped cowpea plots produced significantly more pods per plant than those intercropped with maize. Consistently, higher grain yields obtained from cowpea varieties under monocropping during the two seasons is a clear indication that the varieties were bred and selected under a mono-cultural system.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Therefore, farmers in Limpopo Province are in dire need of an innovative intercropping system that is more sustainable and profit-oriented. Strip intercropping is a promising intercropping system where crops are planted with definite row arrangement, and has the potential of reducing inter-species competition, optimising plant population, and increasing crop yield and cash return (Singh and Ajeigbe 2007;Iderawumi and Friday 2013). The hypothesis of the study was to investigate whether the performance of the novel strip intercropping system would be better than or same as the traditional mixed intercropping currently being practised by farmers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yield and Economic Assessments of Five Cowpea Varieties in Cowpea-Maize Strip Intercropping in Limpopo Province, South Africa

Asiwe¹

2021

IJAB

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Farmers‟ traditional cropping practice in Limpopo Province is to mix and broadcast crops at planting without definite row arrangement. Although this practice is very easy and cost-saving, it leads to low plant density, hinders farm input application, and results in low crop yields and poor return on investment. Strip intercropping, where crops are planted with definite row arrangement, reduces inter-species competition, optimises plant population, and increases crop yield. Five cowpea varieties i.e. „TVu 13464‟, „IT86D-1010‟, „Glenda‟, „IT82E-16‟ and „IT87K-499-35‟ and maize was grown under strip intercropping, monocropping, and mixed intercropping as a control during two seasons. During both years, significant interactions were obtained between the cowpea varieties and the cropping systems in most of the variables measured. Cowpea sown in the strip intercropping performed better compared those sown in mixed intercropping. Cowpea varieties „IT86D-1010‟, „IT82E-16‟ and „IT87K-499-35‟ harvested more grain yield under monocropping and strip intercropping than under mixed intercropping. The land equivalent ratio (LER) of strip intercropping during the two seasons ranged between 1.25 and 2.29 and was higher compared to mixed intercropping, which ranged between 0.50 and 1.32. In conclusion, cowpea varieties „IT86D-1010‟, „IT82E-16‟ and „IT87K-499-35‟ sown with maize as strip intercropping resulted more profits under intercropping systems and were recommended for cultivation by farmers in the Limpopo region with low rainfall. Moreover, grain yield, LER, and net profit achieved by strip intercropping was three-fold more than mixed intercropping. © 2021 Friends Science Publishers

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Effect of cowpea on growth and yield parameter in a maize-cowpea intercrop

Cited by 6 publications

References 6 publications

Growth and Gas Exchange Responses of Maize and Banana Plants in an Intercrop with Agroforestry Tree Species in Vihiga County, Kenya

Growth and Gas Exchange Responses of Maize and Banana Plants in an Intercrop with Agroforestry Tree Species in Vihiga County, Kenya

Vigna unguiculata is nodulated in Spain by endosymbionts of Genisteae legumes and by a new symbiovar (vignae) of the genus Bradyrhizobium

Yield and Economic Assessments of Five Cowpea Varieties in Cowpea-Maize Strip Intercropping in Limpopo Province, South Africa

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