Effect of Cr on long-persistent luminescence of near-infrared phosphor Zn3Ga2Ge2O10:Cr3+

Extending the luminescence properties of zinc gallogermanate via co-doping with cost-effective metals ions (Cr3+/Mg2+, Cr3+/Ca2+, and Cr3+/Sr2+)

“…3 (f) reveals the actual chemical composition of Cr-ZGGO is approximately similar to the calculated formula. The observed morphology and particle size are in a good agreement with previously reported studies [27,28]. The broad and shallow absorption band observed around 300-3600 cm − 1 in Cr-ZGGO sample could be assigned to the stretching vibration of O-H bonds in the absorbed water molecules [29].…”

“…(b). It is known that the Cr 3+ introduction to ZGGO host compound creates sub-levels of energy states below the conduction band which act as trapping centers for enhancing the photoluminescence properties[35,37,38]. Accordingly, the incorporation of Mg 2+ , Ca 2+ or Sr 2+ is expected to increase the number of trapping levels which may enlarge the energy transfer from Cr 3+ levels to Mg, Ca or Sr levels.…”

Probing the local structure of the near-infrared emitting persistent phosphor LiGa5O8:Cr3+

“…7,8,13 The afterglow efficiency of ZGO:Cr can be greatly enhanced by incorporation of Ge ions. [14][15][16][17] A model for the mechanism of persistent luminescence in ZGO:Cr has been developed throughout the years by a combined analysis of data obtained via different techniques. [18][19][20][21] The currently accepted model attributes the afterglow behavior to the interaction between the Cr 3+ ion and nearby anti-site defects in ZGO spinel.…”

Extending the Luminescence Properties of Zinc Gallogermanate via Co-doping with Cost Effective Metals Ions (Cr3+/Mg2+, Cr3+/Ca2+ and Cr3+/Sr2+)

“…5 (b). It is known that the Cr 3+ introduction to ZGGO host compound creates sub-levels of energy states below the conduction band which act as trapping centers for enhancing the photoluminescence properties [35,37,38].…”