Effect of lattice occupation behavior of Li+ cations on microstructure and electrical properties of (Bi1/2Na1/2)TiO3-based lead-free piezoceramics W/Cr co-doped Bi 4 Ti 3 O 12 (BTWC) ceramics {Bi 4 Ti 3Àx W x O 12 þ x þ 0.2 wt. % Cr 2 O 3 (x ¼ 0-0.1)} with a high piezoelectricity were prepared by a conventional ceramic process, and effects of W/Cr dopant on the microstructures, dielectric, and piezoelectric properties of ceramics were explored. It is found that W 6þ modified the grain morphology and size of ceramics, promoting the forming of the regular schistose grains with a size of $10 lm in the ceramic at x ¼ 0.05. BTWC ceramics showed a continuous decrease in T c and a gradual increase in e r with the increasing W doping content. While the hard-doping of Cr 2 O 3 decreased, the TK e and tan d of ceramics available. All the ceramics keep the nature of first-order transition and displacive ferroelectrics. The d 33 and k p of BTWC ceramics were remarkably improved by the soft-doping of W 6þ . Excellent electrical properties (e.g., T c ¼ 638 C, e r ¼ 146, tan d ¼ 0.56%, TK e (500 C) ¼ 1.30 Â 10 À3 / C, s (500 C) ¼ 4.08 Â 10 À5 s, d 33 ¼ 28 pC/N, and k p ¼ 6.17%) have been achieved in Bi 4 Ti 2.95 W 0.05 O 12.05 þ 0.2 wt. % Cr 2 O 3 ceramic. Such a material can be a promising candidate for high-temperature piezoelectric applications. V C 2014 AIP Publishing LLC. [http://dx.