Effect of crop and residue type on nitrous oxide emissions from rotations in the semi-arid Canadian prairies

Lemke, R.; Liu, L.; Baron, V. S.; Malhi, S. S.; Farrell, Richard E.

doi:10.1139/cjss-2018-0001

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Soil N 2 O emissions during the legume growth season tended to be lower than during fertilized crops (Jeuffroy et al, 2013;Lemke et al, 2018). However, in our case, cumulative soil N 2 O emissions in the pea phase of the MP rotation were greater than in the fallow phase of the MC system, similar to the results reported by Davis et al (2019) in a study that compared different cropping systems such as bare fallowmaize, cereal-maize and hairy vetch-maize.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Maize diversification and nitrogen fertilization effects on soil nitrous oxide emissions in irrigated mediterranean conditions

Franco-Luesma

Lafuente

Alonso‐Ayuso

et al. 2022

Front. Environ. Sci.

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Maize is a major irrigated crop in Mediterranean areas and its typical intensive management may impact soil nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions. In these irrigated continuous maize systems, the legumes incorporation as well as adjusted nitrogen (N) fertilization might be interesting strategies to reduce soil N2O emissions. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of cropping diversification and different N rates on soil N2O emissions in flooded irrigated maize under Mediterranean conditions. To achieve this, two cropping systems (maize monoculture system, MC; and pea -maize rotation, MP) and 3N rates (unfertilized, 0N; medium rate, MN; and high rate, HN) were evaluated in a field experiment established in NE Spain during 2 years (2019; 2020). During the studied period, the N rate had a significant effect on soil N2O emissions, with a non-linear positive response of cumulative soil N2O emissions to N rates. In both systems, quick and high increases of soil N2O fluxes were observed immediately after the N application reaching 55 and 100 mg N2O-N m−2 day−1 in MC and MP, respectively. Both years, the pea phase of the MP rotation showed greater cumulative N2O emissions than the fallow of MC. However, N2O losses in the maize phase were similar (2019) or even higher (2020) in MC than in MP. Moreover, in both seasons, the MN treatments showed lower yield-scaled N2O emissions and N emission factor than the HN treatments, being this last lower than 1% in all cases. The results obtained showed that in irrigated Mediterranean conditions the replacement of a fallow by a legume, together with an adjusted N fertilization are favourable strategies to mitigate soil N2O emissions in high-yielding maize systems.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Maize diversification and nitrogen fertilization effects on soil nitrous oxide emissions in irrigated mediterranean conditions

Franco-Luesma

Lafuente

Alonso‐Ayuso

et al. 2022

Front. Environ. Sci.

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“…The positive relationship between N 2 O emissions and soil moisture has been observed in various environments and soil conditions (Marinho et al, 2004; Smith et al, 1998; Smith, Ball, et al, 2003; Schindlbacher et al, 2004; Pattey et al, 2008). Crop species and type of residue crop cover can also affect emissions (Lemke et al, 2018; Parkin & Kaspar, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating Cropland N₂O Emissions and Fertilizer Plant Greenhouse Gas Emissions With Airborne Observations

et al. 2020

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Agricultural activity is a significant source of greenhouse gas emissions. The fertilizer production process emits N2O, CO2, and CH4, and fertilized croplands emit N2O. We present continuous airborne observations of these trace gases in the Lower Mississippi River Basin to quantify emissions from both fertilizer plants and croplands during the early growing season. Observed hourly emission rates from two fertilizer plants are compared with reported inventory values, showing agreement for N2O and CO2 emissions but large underestimation in reported CH4 emissions by up to a factor of 100. These CH4 emissions are consistent with loss rates of 0.6–1.2%. We quantify regional emission fluxes (100 km) of N2O using the airborne mass balance technique, a first application for N2O, and explore linkages to controlling processes. Finally, we demonstrate the ability to use airborne measurements to distinguish N2O emission differences between neighboring fields, determining we can distinguish different emission behaviors of regions on the order of 2.5 km2 with emissions differences of approximately 0.026 μmol m−2 s−1. This suggests airborne approaches such as outlined here could be used to evaluate the impact of different agricultural practices at critical field‐size spatial scales.

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“…While yield differences are apparent between regions, the critical question is whether soybean has economically viable yield in Western Canada. Soybean must compete with other crops for a place in crop rotations and soybean will only be maintained if it provides economic returns to the cropping system directly or indirectly by length- ening overall rotations to reduce disease pressure (Harker et al 2015) or provide environmental services in reducing nitrous oxide emissions (Lemke et al 2007(Lemke et al , 2018.…”

Section: Seed Protein Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soybean seed protein content is lower but protein quality is higher in Western Canada compared with Eastern Canada

et al. 2023

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Low seed protein content in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] grown in Western Canada can result in soybean meal which does not meet the 48% protein standard. The objectives of this study were to quantify the seed composition and agronomic differences between Eastern and Western Canada using common soybean cultivars. Twenty high to low protein, including one non-nodulating, cultivars were grown at two locations in Eastern Canada, and eight locations in Western Canada from 2018 to 2021 to determine seed protein and other composition and agronomic traits. Over all environments, cultivar seed protein ranged from 36.8 to 46.9% with 35.0% for the non-nodulating line. Seed protein was significantly higher in eastern Canada (41.6%) compared to Eastern Prairie (39.3%) and Prairie sites (39.7%). There are not separate east-west mega-environments for seed protein in Canada; a high protein cultivar is high protein across Canada. With an increase of seed protein by 1%, seed yield dropped by 45.3 kg ha-1 in Eastern Canada, 53.1 kg ha-1 in the Eastern Prairie and 78.4 kg ha-1 in Prairie sites. In Western Canada, plants were taller but lower yielding with fewer and smaller seeds, and produced lower fixed nitrogen protein yield compared to Eastern Canada. Seed protein quality, quantified with the 11S:7S ratio, was higher in Western Canada compared to Eastern Canada. Plant breeders and growers may need to select higher protein cultivars, at the cost of lower yield, if the soybean industry is unable to exploit the protein quality advantage in Western Canada.

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Effect of crop and residue type on nitrous oxide emissions from rotations in the semi-arid Canadian prairies

Cited by 12 publications

References 43 publications

Maize diversification and nitrogen fertilization effects on soil nitrous oxide emissions in irrigated mediterranean conditions

Maize diversification and nitrogen fertilization effects on soil nitrous oxide emissions in irrigated mediterranean conditions

Evaluating Cropland N₂O Emissions and Fertilizer Plant Greenhouse Gas Emissions With Airborne Observations

Soybean seed protein content is lower but protein quality is higher in Western Canada compared with Eastern Canada

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Effect of crop and residue type on nitrous oxide emissions from rotations in the semi-arid Canadian prairies

Cited by 12 publications

References 43 publications

Maize diversification and nitrogen fertilization effects on soil nitrous oxide emissions in irrigated mediterranean conditions

Maize diversification and nitrogen fertilization effects on soil nitrous oxide emissions in irrigated mediterranean conditions

Evaluating Cropland N2O Emissions and Fertilizer Plant Greenhouse Gas Emissions With Airborne Observations

Soybean seed protein content is lower but protein quality is higher in Western Canada compared with Eastern Canada

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Evaluating Cropland N₂O Emissions and Fertilizer Plant Greenhouse Gas Emissions With Airborne Observations