Effect of Cryosoaking Time on Transition in Wear Mechanism of M2 Tool Steel

Dhokey, N. B.; Dandawate, J. V.; Rawat, Rajdeep Singh

doi:10.5402/2013/408016

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…This is similar to research being done on other steels (Senthilkumar et al, 2011;Bensely et al, 2008). This study did not vary the rate of cooling, which in addition to the final temperature, can also be an important factor, as proposed by others (Dhokey et al, 2012;Oppenkowski et al, 2010). The effect of tempering was also not studied herein.…”

Section: Weight Losssupporting

confidence: 79%

Improved Reproducibility of D2 Tool Steel After Cryo-Treating at -78°c (Dry Ice)

Egert¹,

Burleigh²

2020

Mate.corr.eng.manag.

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The exposure of steel to very cold temperatures (cryogenics) as a means to improve properties of the metal has had a controversial history. This study employed several tests to determine differences between D2 tool steel cryo-treated in dry ice (-78°C) versus in liquid nitrogen (-196°C), as compared to control D2 steel (not cryo-treated). These tests showed no major changes between the control and the liquid nitrogen treated steel, but the dry ice (-78°C) treated steel showed narrower XRD peaks, more reproducible hardness measurements, less scatter in the corrosion weight loss, and lower corrosion currents in the cyclic polarization tests in saltwater. All these differences were measured even though there was no measurable difference in retained austenite. The authors hypothesize that the -78°C (dry ice) allowed internal stress reductions, while the -196°C (liquid nitrogen) was too cold to allow any transformations.

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Section: Weight Losssupporting

confidence: 79%

Improved Reproducibility of D2 Tool Steel After Cryo-Treating at -78°c (Dry Ice)

Egert¹,

Burleigh²

2020

Mate.corr.eng.manag.

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“…DCT of metallic materials is reported to induce the conversion of retained austenite into martensite, carbon redistribution and site reduction [46], reduction of free energy of crystal structure [50], precipitation of fine submicroscopic carbides [22,23,25,29,41,51] and precipitation of secondary and tertiary carbides [46,[52][53][54]. DCT is a very valuable tool, when dealing with the improvement of the material's properties.…”

Section: Deep Cryogenic Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review on the Effect of Deep Cryogenic Treatment of Metallic Materials in Automotive Applications

Jovičević-Klug

Podgornik

2020

Metals

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With the development of society, every year there are increasing demands in the automotive industry on cost savings, environmental safety, reduction of raw material consumption, performance improvement, material life cycle and recycling of components. In this review, emphasis is given on ferrous and non-ferrous alloys, which are used as components, where both groups can be treated by deep cryogenic treatment (DCT). DCT has shown to increase hardness, tensile strength and wear resistance, reduce density of defects in crystal structure, improve toughness and corrosion resistance. Though, some researchers also reported results that showed no change in material properties, or even deterioration of material properties, when subjected to DCT. This additionally points out to lack of consistency and reliability of the DCT process, which is needed for its successful incorporation in automotive applications. However, to prove with certainty the resulting outcome on the material properties and knowledge about the reasons for the variation of this effect on metallic materials, further approach and testing with different variables should be conducted in the future. This review provides a synopsis of different approaches of DCT on different materials for automotive applications in order to indicate effects on the material performance during DCT.

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“…13 Therefore, nucleation of carbides relieves the matrix due to stress-relaxation, which manifests in the form of precipitation of tertiary carbides in the tempered martensitic matrix. 4,8 Microstructural features…”

Section: Residual Stress Variationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hoyle et al 3 reported that cobalt did not act as carbide former in high speed steels but it enters into the matrix and act as solid solution strengthener. Dhokey et al 4 conducted conventional treatment on high speed steel M2 followed by cryogenic treatment (2185uC for 4-48 h). It is reported that mild to stable wear transition observed due to cryogenic treatment with consequent reduction in wear volume by 87%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Instability in wear mechanism and its relevance to microstructural features in cryotreated T42

Dhokey¹,

Hake²

2013

Tribology - Materials, Surfaces & Interfaces

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This paper investigates effect of microstructural changes in AISI T42 that occurred due to cryogenic treatment on the material properties such as wear behaviour, hardness and impact energy. Specimens of T42 were hardened in the salt bath at 1215uC, tempered four times in salt bath at 550uC followed by air cooling. All specimens were cryotreated at 2185uC for varying length of cryosoaking periods followed by soft tempering at 100uC. Samples characterised for residual stress, carbide density, hardness, impact energy and wear volume. An optimum cryosoaking period of 8 h was established with appreciable combination of carbide density, hardness and dramatic reduction in wear rate by 58%. Morphology of carbides and merging of ultramicroscopic W rich and V rich carbides at higher cryosoaking period on material properties was analysed. Microstructural changes at subsurface has been correlated in light of prevailing the wear mechanism and operative wear modes.

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Effect of Cryosoaking Time on Transition in Wear Mechanism of M2 Tool Steel

Cited by 7 publications

References 10 publications

Improved Reproducibility of D2 Tool Steel After Cryo-Treating at -78°c (Dry Ice)

Improved Reproducibility of D2 Tool Steel After Cryo-Treating at -78°c (Dry Ice)

Review on the Effect of Deep Cryogenic Treatment of Metallic Materials in Automotive Applications

Instability in wear mechanism and its relevance to microstructural features in cryotreated T42

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