Effect of Cytomegalovirus on the Immune System: Implications for Aging and Mental Health

Ford, Bart N.; Savitz, Jonathan

doi:10.1007/7854_2022_376

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Most of them had CD4 over 200 cells/µL and no complications at the testing moment. Association between HIV seropositivity and CMV infection is recognized to be implicated in immune activation, senescence, cardiovascular complications, neurocognitive impairment along with a progressive loss of gut barrier function that leads to the translocation of microbial product that contributes to general inflammation and accelerated progression to AIDS and death [21,[34][35][36]. In our lot of patients, there were no cases with cardiac complications, retinitis or other complications clearly determined by CMV infection (1 patient out of 50 had pneumopathies).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

CMV and HIV Coinfection in Women from a Region in Eastern Europe

Halichidis,

Aschie,

Cozaru

et al. 2023

JPM

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(1) Background: Human cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is one of the most frequent opportunistic infections in immunosuppressed patients. Romania has one of the highest incidences of patients living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) which determines an immunosuppressive state. The aim of this study was to establish the prevalence of CMV infection among women living with HIV in Southeastern Romania and also to evaluate and correlate antiretroviral therapy (ART) with CD4 level and CMV disease evolution. (2) Methods: Seventy women living with HIV from Southeastern Romania were screened for CMV infection using antigen quantification. Of these, 50 were included in the study. First, the patients filled out a questionnaire regarding social conditions and other associated diseases. Then, we explored the statistical correlations between the data and HIV status, CD4+ cell counts, viral load, and antiretroviral therapy (ART). (3) Results: Median age of the patients was 33 years. Twenty-nine cases were diagnosed with HIV after sexual life beginning and 21 before. Most of the patients had a CD4 level over 200 cells/µL. ART duration in the CD4 under 200 cells/µL group was a bit longer than that in the CD4 over 200 cells/µL group. Forty-one patients had undetectable viremia. CD4 average value in the lot of patients with undetectable viremia was 704.71 cells/µL and in the lot with detectable viremia was 452.44 cells/µL. Viremia values correlated negatively with CD4 level. A positive correlation between IgG CMV values and ART therapy length was identified. A negative significant correlation between values of IgG CMV and values of CD4 was identified. CD4 value correlated negatively with IgG CMV values and with CMV avidity. (4) Conclusions: IgG CMV values had a weak positive correlation with ART therapy length, and a negative statistically significant correlation with values of CD4. CMV avidity has a negative correlation with CD4 value.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

CMV and HIV Coinfection in Women from a Region in Eastern Europe

Halichidis,

Aschie,

Cozaru

et al. 2023

JPM

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“…CMV has attracted the attention of the psychiatric eld because CMV (a) is neurotrophic and may cause neurological disease 1,2 , (b) it can be reactivated by psychological stress which is linked with the onset and exacerbation of many psychiatric disorders 3,4 , and (c) it can be reactivated by in ammation [4][5][6] which is linked with multiple psychiatric disorders including mood disorders and schizophrenia [7][8][9][10][11] . Importantly, lytic CMV replication can in turn worsen in ammation 12,13 , raising the possibility that poorly-controlled CMV infections may be one source of the systemic or neuroin ammation underlying the development of some cases of mental illness 14,15 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytomegalovirus antibodies are associated with mood disorders, suicide, markers of neuroinflammation, and microglia activation in postmortem brain samples

Zheng

Webster

Weickert

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a common, neurotrophic herpesvirus that can be reactivated by inflammation and cause neurological disease. CMV replication can in turn worsen inflammation, raising the possibility that poorly controlled CMV infections may contribute to the neuroinflammation underlying some psychiatric disorders. We investigated whether the presence of anti-CMV antibodies in blood were associated with mental illness, suicide, neuroinflammation, and microglial density in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in postmortem samples. Data (n = 114 with schizophrenia; n = 78 with bipolar disorder; n = 87 with depression; n = 85 controls) were obtained from the Stanley Medical Research Institute. Gene expression data from a subset of 82 cases were categorized into “high” (n = 30), and “low” (n = 52) inflammation groups based on a recursive two-step cluster analysis using expression data for four inflammation-related genes. Measurements of the density of non-ramified and ramified microglia were available for an independent subset of 51 samples. All analyses controlled for age, sex, ethnicity, postmortem interval, and pH. CMV seropositivity significantly increased the odds of a mood disorder diagnosis (bipolar disorder: OR = 2.49; major depression: OR = 2.62) and among the psychiatric cases, of suicide (OR = 2.21). Samples in the upper tercile of anti-CMV antibody titers were more likely to be members of the “high” inflammation group (OR = 4.41). CMV positive cases also showed an increased ratio of non-ramified to ramified microglia in layer I of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (Cohen’s d = 0.81). The results raise the possibility that the reactivation of CMV contributes to the neuroinflammation that underlies some cases of psychiatric disorders.

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Age-related disease: Immune system

de Punder,

Karabatsiakis

2024

Aging

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Effect of Cytomegalovirus on the Immune System: Implications for Aging and Mental Health

Cited by 8 publications

References 304 publications

CMV and HIV Coinfection in Women from a Region in Eastern Europe

CMV and HIV Coinfection in Women from a Region in Eastern Europe

Cytomegalovirus antibodies are associated with mood disorders, suicide, markers of neuroinflammation, and microglia activation in postmortem brain samples

Age-related disease: Immune system

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