Effect of Deficit Irrigation Practice on Nitrogen Mineralization and Nitrate Nitrogen Leaching under Semi-Arid Conditions

Jehan, Sarvet; Iqbal, Muhammad; Samreen, Tayyaba; Liaquat, Mehwish; Kanwal, Sehrish; Naseem, Munaza

doi:10.4236/jwarp.2022.145019

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…However, they measured maximum nitrate concentration at 90 cm soil depth at irrigation treatment of 80% FC, while under full irrigation, nitrate leached down to 120 cm of soil depth where it becomes unavailable to crops. In addition, the manure treatment indicated approximately 42% lower amount of nitrate nitrogen concentration in leachate in comparison to the urea treatment (Table 3) owing to the fact that cow manure acts as a slow-nitrogen-release fertilizer and avoids high nutrient losses (Jehan et al, 2022). Furthermore, intercropping showed nearly 11% lower amount of nitrate concentration in drainage water in comparison to mono-cropping due to the improved nutrient-use e ciency in intercropping systems.…”

Section: Nitrogen Concentration Of the Drainage Watermentioning

confidence: 97%

Evaluation of nitrogen leaching and groundwater N contamination risk in saffron/wheat intercropping system under different irrigation and soil fertilizers regimes in a semi-arid region

Abbasi

Sepaskhah

2022

Preprint

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Purpose The ever-rising trend of nitrate leaching from the agricultural production systems is a major risk to the contamination of ground- and surface-waters and should be addressed. But so far, there has been no study on the reduction of nitrate leaching from saffron fields through intercropping. Saffron growers can make a sustainable use of the saffron inter-row spaces through the strategy of winter-wheat/saffron base intercropping system to reduce nitrate leaching. Materials and methods During four years of study, in a set of lysimeters, effects of two cropping systems (saffron mono-cropping and saffron-wheat intercropping), application of two sources of nitrogen (organic cow manure and chemical granular urea) and four irrigation regimes [40, 60, 80, and 100% of the standard crop evapotranspiration (ETc)] on plant nitrogen and phosphorus uptake, nitrogen leaching and nitrogen and phosphorus efficiencies were investigated. Results The optimum irrigation regime was experienced at 60% ETc, (with irrigation application efficiency of 60%, equivalent to 100%ETc) where the highest saffron and wheat nutrient (nitrogen and phosphorus) uptake, nutrient (nitrogen and phosphorus) harvest indices, nutrient acquisition and use efficiencies, corm, saffron, and grain yields and lowest nitrogen loss was achieved. Moreover, manure application indicated 12, 42, 50 and 46% lower amounts of drained water, leachate nitrate nitrogen concentration, total leached nitrogen and N losses (other than N leaching), respectively, in comparison to the urea source of nitrogen showing the lower risk of groundwater nitrate pollution. Manure application showed 9, 8 and 9% increase in the concentration of corm nitrogen, phosphorus and protein, respectively, in comparison to urea application treatment. Saffron corm and stigma yields, irrigation and economic water productivities, corm nitrogen use efficiency and saffron-plant-nitrogen-acquisition efficiency in manure application surpassed respectively by 21, 25, 20, 17, 39 and 49% compared with the chemical source of nitrogen. Intercropping showed 10, 11, 23 and 64% lower amounts of drained water, nitrate concentration in drainage water, seasonal leached nitrate and N losses (other than N leaching ), respectively compared to saffron sole cropping which reduces the risk of groundwaters nitrate contamination. For all the experimental treatments, empirical regression models were derived for estimation of seasonal leached nitrate based on the seasonal drained water. Conclusion Intercropping saffron with winter wheat, application of organic cow manure and adopting irrigation regime of 60% ETc is an innovative system of saffron production which mitigates the risk of groundwater nitrate contamination and increases irrigation and economic water productivities. Saffron growers can make sustainable and clean use of the inter-row spaces of the saffron crop to grow winter wheat in order to obtain higher economic water productivity and lower groundwater nitrate pollution, and it is highly recommended to maintain a sustainable environment.

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Section: Nitrogen Concentration Of the Drainage Watermentioning

confidence: 97%

Evaluation of nitrogen leaching and groundwater N contamination risk in saffron/wheat intercropping system under different irrigation and soil fertilizers regimes in a semi-arid region

Abbasi

Sepaskhah

2022

Preprint

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“…Tis assertion is backed by the fndings of several studies. For instance, Jehan et al [29] in a study to assess the efect of defcit irrigation practice on nitrogen mineralization and nitrate-nitrogen leaching under semiarid conditions found that defcit irrigation level at 60% ET c restricted nitrate-nitrogen movement up to 60 cm soil depth with high concentration at 30 cm soil depth. Te high concentration of nitrogen in the upper soil layer made it more available to the plants.…”

Section: Efect Of Irrigation Regime and Irrigation Schedule On The Yi...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Water Management for Green Pepper Production in a Water-Limiting Tropical Savanna Agroecological Zone Based on Crop Water Productivity

Alegewe,

Shaibu,

Zakaria

2023

Journal of Engineering

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This study aimed to determine the optimum levels of irrigation regime and irrigation schedule based on crop water productivity for the sustainable production of green pepper in a water-limiting tropical savannah agroecological zone. The study was conducted at the Hydro Farm of MotorKing Company Limited in the Tamale Metropolis, Northern Region, Ghana. The experimental design was a 2 × 3 factorial experiment laid out in a randomized complete block and replicated five times. Irrigation schedule at two levels (one-time daily application and split daily application at 60% morning and 40% evening) and irrigation regime at three levels (100% ETc, 80% ETc, and 60% ETc) were the factors. The “Yolo Wonder” variety of green pepper was the test crop. The crop was planted at a planting distance of 0.3 m within rows and 0.5 m between rows. Treatments were applied using a drip irrigation system. Crop water requirements (ETc) of green pepper were estimated using the CROPWAT model. Crop yield and water applied under each treatment were determined. Crop yield was measured at harvest as the total weight of fruits per hectare. Crop water productivity was determined under each treatment as crop yield per unit of water consumed. Data analysis was done in Genstat (12th edition). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Duncan’s multiple range test at 5% level of significance were employed to separate differences in treatment means. The results suggest that both irrigation regime and irrigation schedule have significant influence on the yield and crop water productivity of green pepper. Irrigating at 60% ETc and split irrigation (60% morning and 40% evening) gave significantly higher yields and crop water productivity compared to the other levels of the factors. This study demonstrated that irrigation schedule and irrigation regime are important factors to consider in the optimization of water management for green pepper; however, further research is needed to identify the optimal levels of these factors and the most effective irrigation strategies for the crop in different environments.

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“…The global arable land area is about 5 billion ha [1], of which 1.24 ha is arable cropland [1]. Irrigated cropland (about 270 million ha [2]) accounts for >70% of anthropogenic water usage [3][4][5][6], 90% of consumptive water usage [3,5], and 40% of global arable production [7,8]. About 20% of irrigated land (54 million ha) is irrigated with saline water [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Desalination of Irrigation Water Using Metal Polymers

Antia¹

2022

Water

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Rain-fed and irrigated agriculture associated with salinized soil and saline water supplies is characterized by low crop yields. Partial desalination of this saline water will increase crop yields. Recent studies have established that supported metal polymers can be used to produce partially desalinated irrigation water without producing a waste reject brine. This study assesses the ability of more than 90 different unsupported metal polymer formulations (containing one or more of Al, Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, and Zn) to remove Na+ ions and Cl− ions from saline water (seawater, brine, brackish water, and flowback water). The polymers were constructed using a simple sol-gel approach at ambient temperatures. The overall ion removal followed a first-order reaction. Removal selectivity between Na+ and Cl− ions was a function of polymer formulation. Mg@Al polymers preferentially remove Cl− ions, while Fe@Ca polymers tend to remove Cl− and Na+ ions in more equal proportions. Ion removal can be rapid, with >50% removed within 1 h. These results were used to develop a process methodology, which will allow most seawater, brackish water, and saline flowback water to be desalinated to form usable irrigation water.

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Effect of Deficit Irrigation Practice on Nitrogen Mineralization and Nitrate Nitrogen Leaching under Semi-Arid Conditions

Cited by 10 publications

References 22 publications

Evaluation of nitrogen leaching and groundwater N contamination risk in saffron/wheat intercropping system under different irrigation and soil fertilizers regimes in a semi-arid region

Evaluation of nitrogen leaching and groundwater N contamination risk in saffron/wheat intercropping system under different irrigation and soil fertilizers regimes in a semi-arid region

Optimization of Water Management for Green Pepper Production in a Water-Limiting Tropical Savanna Agroecological Zone Based on Crop Water Productivity

Desalination of Irrigation Water Using Metal Polymers

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