Effect of depth of flooding on summer water budgets for small diked marshes

Kadlec, John A.

doi:10.1007/bf03160859

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Simulations illustrated the sensitivity of the model to small changes in growing season evapotranspiration and subsurface flow. Sensitivity of wetland hydrology and vegetation dynamics to growing season evapotranspiration is consistent with hydrologic studies of prairie wetlands (Kadlec 1993). Evapotranspiration is the major water loss in semipermanent prairie wetlands (Shjeflo 1968;Woo and Rowsell 1993) and is expected to change with a changing climate Rosenberg et al 1989;McKenney and Rosenberg 1993).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

“…Evapotranspiration is the major water loss in semipermanent prairie wetlands (Shjeflo 1968;Woo and Rowsell 1993) and is expected to change with a changing climate Rosenberg et al 1989;McKenney and Rosenberg 1993). Seepage inflow and outflow, in contrast, vary considerably among prairie wetlands, but even small daily fluxes can be a significant portion of a wetland water budget over an entire season (Shjeflo 1968;Kadlec 1993;Woo and Rowsell 1993). Calibration of subsurface inputs and evapotranspiration was possible in this study because oflong-term water level data for wetland Pl, and results illustrate the value of such data for developing realistic models.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Climate change and northern prairie wetlands: Simulations of long‐term dynamics

Poiani

Johnson

Swanson³

et al. 1996

Limnology & Oceanography

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A mathematical model (WETSIM 2.0) was used to simulate wetland hydrology and vegetation dynamics over a 32-yr period (196 1-1992) in a North Dakota prairie wetland. A hydrology component of the model calculated changes in water storage based on precipitation, evapotranspiration, snowpack, surface runoff, and subsurface inflow. A spatially explicit vegetation component in the model calculated changes in distribution of vegetative cover and open water, depending on water depth, seasonality, and existing type of vegetation.The model reproduced four known dry periods and one extremely wet period during the three decades. One simulated dry period in the early 1980s did not actually occur. Simulated water levels compared favorably with continuous observed water levels outside the calibration period (1990)(1991)(1992). Changes in vegetative cover were realistic except for years when simulated water levels were significantly different than actual levels. These generally positive results support the use of the model for exploring the effects of possible climate changes on wetland resources.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate change and northern prairie wetlands: Simulations of long‐term dynamics

Poiani

Johnson

Swanson³

et al. 1996

Limnology & Oceanography

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“…He argues that actual wetland ET compared to large bodies of open water (ET/Eo ratio) rarely exceeds one and that recent experimental evidence presented within a theoretical context indicates open water evaporates more water than vegetated lakes. Kadlec (1993) also reported that for 10 small diked marshes in Canada, dense emergents reduced total water loss. The data in our study indicates that for summer months, the marsh loses more water through ET than open water and has low ET in January and February when the vegetation is dormant and the resultant litter reduces evaporation by controlling the rate at which water vapor escapes from the water surface.…”

Section: Evapotranspirationmentioning

confidence: 89%

HYDROLOGIC BUDGET FOR A FRESHWATER MARSH IN FLORIDA¹

Rushton

1996

J American Water Resour Assoc

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ABSTRAC'I Accurate water balance calculations are essential for water resource and environmental management decisions, but many of the terms used in the equation are difficult to measure. In this study, a method for measuring rates of evapotranspiration and net seepage from a freshwater marsh in southwest Florida is described. The results are compared to evaporation pan estimates as well as to calculations that balanced all the terms in the hydrologic budget. The measured rates of evapotranspiration showed a. distinct seasonal trend ranging from an average high of 0.24 mId during July 1992 to a low of 0.06 mId in January 1993. Evapotranspiration rates were higher than Class A evaporation pan measurements during July and August, indicating transpiration by plants exceeded evaporation by pans. Net ground water seepage flowed out of the marsh except during periods of high water table conditions. When all terms in the hydrologic budget were evaluated, the equation balanced on a yearly basis with an error of 2 percent, on a seasonal basis with errors less than 7 percent, but on a monthly basis errors were as great as 30 percent. Total annual rainfall on the marsh was 45 percent of the total marsh hydrologic input and was approximately equal to the loss by evapotranspiration of 41 percent. (KEY TERMS: water budget; urban hydrology; wetlands; evapotranspiration; stormwater management; surface water hydrology.) 1Paper No. 95038 of the Water Resources Bulletin. Discussions are open until August 1, 1996. 2Environmental Scientist, Southwest Florida Water Management District, 2379 Broad Street, Brooksville, Florida 34609-6899.

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“…However, when carrying out studies on the agriculturally used, drained, and irrigated lowlands with relatively high intra-annual groundwater amplitudes, this element must be included in the water balance investigations. Likewise, storage is often considered a particularly important component of the water balance in connection with the renaturation of existing wetlands or the creation of constructed wetlands (Kadlec, 1993;Spieksma et al, 1996;.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wetlands with controlled drainage and sub‐irrigation systems—modelling of the water balance

Dietrich

Redetzky²,

Schwärzel

2006

Hydrological Processes

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Abstract:Over the past centuries, the agricultural use of wetlands in Central Europe has required interference with the natural wetland water balance. Often this has consisted of drainage measures alone. In low-precipitation areas, it has also involved the operation of combined drainage and sub-irrigation systems. Model studies conducted as part of planning processes, or with a view to finding out the impact of changing climate conditions on the water balance of wetlands, must take these facts into account. For this reason, a water balance model has been devised for wetlands whose water balance is governed by water resources management systems. It is based on the WBalMo model system. Special modules were integrated into WBalMo to calculate the water balance of wetland areas (WABI module) and to regulate inflow partitioning within the wetland (REGINF module). When calculating the water balance, the WABI module takes into account precipitation and potential evapotranspiration, groundwater levels below surface, soil types, land-use classes, inflows via the running water system, and data for target water levels. It provides actual evapotranspiration, discharge into the running water system, and groundwater levels in the area.The example of the Spreewald, a major wetland area in north-eastern Germany, was used to design and test the WBalMo Spreewald model. The comparison of measured and calculated water balance parameters of the wetland area confirms the suitability of the model for water balance studies in wetlands with complex water resources management systems. The results reveal the strong influence of water management on the water balance of such areas. The model system has proved to be excellently suited for planning and carrying out water management measures aimed at the sustainable development of wetlands. Furthermore, scenario analyses can be used to assess the impact of global change on the water balance of wetlands.

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Effect of depth of flooding on summer water budgets for small diked marshes

Cited by 6 publications

References 16 publications

Climate change and northern prairie wetlands: Simulations of long‐term dynamics

Climate change and northern prairie wetlands: Simulations of long‐term dynamics

HYDROLOGIC BUDGET FOR A FRESHWATER MARSH IN FLORIDA¹

Wetlands with controlled drainage and sub‐irrigation systems—modelling of the water balance

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Effect of depth of flooding on summer water budgets for small diked marshes

Cited by 6 publications

References 16 publications

Climate change and northern prairie wetlands: Simulations of long‐term dynamics

Climate change and northern prairie wetlands: Simulations of long‐term dynamics

HYDROLOGIC BUDGET FOR A FRESHWATER MARSH IN FLORIDA1

Wetlands with controlled drainage and sub‐irrigation systems—modelling of the water balance

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Product

Resources

About

HYDROLOGIC BUDGET FOR A FRESHWATER MARSH IN FLORIDA¹