Effect of Developmental Stages Length on Yield and some Quality Traits of Turkish Durum Wheat (Triticum turgidum L. Convar. durum (Desf.) Mackey) Landraces: Influence of Developmental Stages Length on Yield and Quality of Durum Wheat

Abstract

Effect of developmental stages length on yield and some quality traits of Turkish durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. convar. durum (Desf.) Mackey) landraces: influence of developmental stages length on yield and quality of durum wheat AbstractThe study aimed at exploring durum wheat landraces to be utilized in breeding programs. 566 single durum wheat plants selected from 117 populations collected from 12 provinces were studied. The selected material was planted for characterizing their some qualitative and quantitative traits such as percent vitreousness, pearling index, grain protein content, seed yield and thousand kernel weight; as well as determining time frame for germination--maturity. Mean, coefficient of variation, and confidence intervals (0.95) were computed for each of 12 provinces, for altitudinal origins with 200 m of ranges and, for each of two geographical regions separately. The highest variation existed for number of days between T-H and the lowest for number of days between T-S. The highest variation within developmental stages was observed in samples from Diyarbakir with a CV of 32.96%, from 600 to 799 altitude range with a CV of 18.86%, and from Southeast Anatolia with a CV of 20.12%.

Genetic Diversity Revealed by Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Markers in a Worldwide Germplasm Collection of Durum Wheat

“…The panel of 53 landraces has a significant lower level of genetic diversity than the panel of 97 durum wheat cultivars. But previous research showed that landraces had wide genetic diversity, while the cultivars had narrow genetic diversity due to high selection pressure and genetic drift in breeding programs [20,46,47]. …”

Wheat Landraces: A mini review <br>

“…A higher protein content and quality without the need for late-season nitrogen inputs are therefore major breeding objectives. However new varieties should be particularly suitable for whole-meal bread making and artisan baking processes, combining sensory and nutritional qualities (e.g., increased micro-nutrients) as the consumers of organic bread expect highest organoleptic quality (Zencirci and Karagoz, 2005). Farm households allocate resources for production of favorite or preferred landraces, expecting benefits to accrue from their subsequent consumption or sale in local markets (Brush and Meng, 1998).…”

“…Therefore, direct use values, particularly the quality traits that farmers consider as valuable for consumption are indicators of private value. Socio-cultural values motivate farmers to retain some preferred landraces on the farm, and they appreciate the special organoleptic qualities and multiple uses of these landraces, despite the availability of improved wheat varieties in their locality (Zencirci and Karagoz, 2005). Landraces, especially those having multiple home uses, are more likely to be maintained for the foreseeable future.…”

“…Wheat landraces are valuable sources to broaden the genetic base of cultivated wheat. The development of new varieties from landrace populations is a viable strategy to improve landrace yield and yield stability, especially under stress and future climate change conditions (Witcomb et al, 1996); also, these landraces harbor genes and gene complexes for quality traits (Zencirci and Karagoz, 2005), tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses, and adaptation under a wide range of low-input and organic farming systems (Jaradat, 2006).…”

Germination Stage Water Scarcity in Bread and Einkorn Wheat

“…Einkorn (Triticum monococcum spp. monococcum), the wheat ancestor, which has resistance to cold, drought, and salinity stress (Karagöz and Zencirci, 2005;Zencirci and Karagöz, 2005;Aslan et al, 2016a;Aslan et al, 2016b;Arzani and Ashraf, 2017) is considered possibly a good genetic resource against these stresses. Selecting a well-designed single or multi drought-resistant trait(s) from these resources and to incorporate into high yielding wheat genotypes seems feasible today (Braun et al, 1998;Merah, 2001).…”