“…Dexmedetomidine (Dex) is often used to treat critical care, sedation, pain, anxiety, and insomnia due to its ability as an alpha2-adrenergic receptor agonist ( Baumgartner, et al, 2022 ; Moore, et al, 2022 ; Xiao, et al, 2023 ). Numerous organs, including the brain, heart, lungs, kidney, liver, and small intestine, are protected by Dex ( Xia, et al, 2017 ; Jiang, et al, 2019 ; Liu, et al, 2019 ).…”