Effect of Diet on Gestation-Lactation Performance of Sows

Fairbanks, B. W.; Krider, J. L.; Carroll, W. E.

doi:10.2527/jas1945.44410x

Cited by 7 publications

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“…A byproduct that was commonly used in swine diets (especially sow diets) during the mid-1900s following the move to confinement rearing was dehydrated alfalfa meal (dehy). This product was not only a rich source of β-carotene and other vitamins, but was also thought to provide other unidentified factors (Fairbanks et al, 1945). Although dehy had its place in the early years, after supplemental Se began in the 1970s and vitamin K soon after (due to a hemorrhagic problem in Nebraska caused by feeding moldy corn and correctable with vitamin K or dehy supplementation; Baker et al, 1974a,b), there was no longer need to use dehy in swine diets, thus resulting in its demise.…”

Section: Other Feed Ingredientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

ASAS Centennial Paper: Landmark discoveries in swine nutrition in the past century12

Cromwell

2009

Journal of Animal Science

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During this centennial year of the American Society of Animal Science (ASAS), it is of interest to look back over the history of our Society and, in particular, to the many contributions made by researchers in the area of swine nutrition. A great number of basic and applied research studies involving the nutrition of weanling, growing, and finishing pigs, and gestating and lactating sows have been conducted by swine nutritionists during the past 100 yr. Most of these studies were conducted at universities by animal scientists or by the graduate students under their leadership. Others were conducted by nutritionists in the feed and pharmaceutical industries and government scientists at ARS/USDA research centers. Contributions were also made by animal scientists beyond our borders. Much of the research was published in the Journal of Animal Science during its 66 yr of existence. Before the first issue of the journal was published in 1942, some of the earlier studies were reported in the Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Society of Animal Production, the forerunner of ASAS. These research studies have progressively led to a better understanding of the role and utilization of dietary energy, protein, AA, carbohydrates, fats, minerals, and vitamins by pigs and have helped to quantify the nutrient requirements of pigs for various stages of growth, for sows during gestation and lactation, and to a limited extent, for boars. Determining the nutritional value of a wide array of feedstuffs, evaluating feeding strategies, and assessing the value of growth-promoting and carcass-enhancing agents have been important research contributions as well. To identify the particular studies that were among the most instrumental in contributing to our present knowledge of swine nutrition is, to say the least, a daunting assignment. To aid in this task, a survey of swine nutritionists was conducted in which they were asked to identify and rank the 10 most significant findings in swine nutrition during the past 100 yr. The results of that survey are presented in this paper.

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Section: Other Feed Ingredientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

ASAS Centennial Paper: Landmark discoveries in swine nutrition in the past century12

Cromwell

2009

Journal of Animal Science

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“…Gestating sows perform well on diets containing fibrous feeds. Low levels of dietary alfalfa (10 to 20%) have been reported to increase the number of live pigs at farrowing (Hogan and Johnson, 1941;Cunha et al, 1944;Fairbanks et al, 1945;Teague, 1955;).…”

Section: Fibrous Feedstuffs In Gestating Sow Dietsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corn gluten feed as a principal feed ingredient for gestating swine: effects on long term reproductive performance and energy, lysine and tryptophan utilization

Honeyman

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REVIEW OF LITERATURE The by-product is sometimes more valuable than the product. (Havelock Ellis, "Little Essays of Love and Virtue," Chapter 3, 1922.) Introduction For centuries livestock have served agriculture as primary "processor" and marketing vehicle for forage and grain. Livestock products-meat, milk, wool, and eggs-are the classic "value-added" products of an agricultural-based economy. A growing trend recently has been to process grain into its basic components of protein, carbohydrates, fats and fiber, and then, to restructure these components into various useful products. Corn, the major feed grain grown in the world, for example, can be refined for use not only as starch and syrup, but as high-fructose sweeteners, dextrose, fuel alcohol, and oil. Additionally, these components serve as feedstock for further processing, e.g., corn-based plastics and synthetic amino acid production. Accompanying the agricultural "mega-trend" of expanding grain and food processing is, on the one hand, a growing competition for raw grain beyond its classic use as livestock feed, and, on the other hand, a mushrooming supply of agri-industrial byproducts and coproducts, many of which have potential as livestock feedstuffs. Livestock consumption and utilization of byproduct feeds is certainly not new, but the industrial competition for feed grain and the vast production of byproducts, frequently new byproducts, is a unique development in agriculture. Corn processing or refining, although dating to ancient times, has recently expanded very rapidly. The primary coproduct of the corn wet-2 milling process is corn gluten feed. Traditionally corn gluten feed has been used in ruminant rations with considerable success, as have many other fibrous byproduct feeds. However, the current trend of expanding byproduct availability raises questions about using these byproducts in swine production. The subject of the studies reported here examines corn gluten feed use in swine diets, particularly gestating sow diets. Corn Wet-milling: The Process Corn wet-milling is a refining process utilizing yellow corn grain as the raw material feedstock and producing a variety of products and coproducts (byproducts), one of which is corn gluten feed (CGF). The schematic outline in Figure 1 illustrates the wet-milling process. The constituents of the corn kernel, Figure 2, are separated using soaking (steeping) in 52® C water with 0.1% sulfur dioxide for 48 hours followed by a series of grinding, screening, and centrifugation operations (Wall and Paulis, 1978). The derived wet corn starch is then processed as starch or converted into sweeteners or alcohol. The principal high value products include corn syrup and sweeteners, dextrose, corn starch, corn oil, and alcohol. The remaining output (25-30%) consists of the coproducts that include corn gluten feed, corn gluten meal, corn germ meal, condensed fermented corn extractives, and carbon dioxide. These coproducts are distinctive for the corn wet-milling process. In starch production starting with 100 k...

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Plant Protein Sources

Wg¹,

Maner²

1984

Swine Production and Nutrition

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Effect of Diet on Gestation-Lactation Performance of Sows

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

ASAS Centennial Paper: Landmark discoveries in swine nutrition in the past century12

ASAS Centennial Paper: Landmark discoveries in swine nutrition in the past century12

Corn gluten feed as a principal feed ingredient for gestating swine: effects on long term reproductive performance and energy, lysine and tryptophan utilization

Plant Protein Sources

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