Effect of dietary astaxanthin on growth, body color, biochemical parameters and transcriptome profiling of juvenile blood parrotfish (Vieja melanurus ♀ × Amphilophus citrinellus ♂)

Effects of Natural and Synthetic Astaxanthin on Growth, Body Color, and Transcriptome and Metabolome Profiles in the Leopard Coralgrouper (Plectropomus leopardus)

“…Zhu et al [ 26 ] found no significant increase in the growth performance of P. leopardus after treatment with different concentrations of astaxanthin. Micah et al [ 46 ] found that astaxanthin had no significant effect on blood parrotfish growth. At week 14, WGR and SGR of fish in the HP group were significantly higher than those in the C and AS groups.…”

“…The decrease in fish brightness may be related to astaxanthin. Some studies have shown that astaxanthin supplementation increased redness and yellowness but decreased brightness in blood parrotfish and Colisa lalia [ 46 , 51 ]. This suggests that astaxanthin deposition may promote fish coloration but also lead to a reduction in brightness, resulting in a dark red appearance of the fish.…”

Đánh giá hiệu quả của astaxanthin từ copepoda trong việc tăng cường màu sắc ở cá khoang cổ nemo (<i>Amphiprion ocellaris</i>)

“…Một số nghiên cứu trước đây cũng từng đề cập đến vấn đề này. Cụ thể, việc bổ sung carotenoids giúp tăng màu đỏ và vàng nhưng lại gây tác dụng phụ làm tối màu da ở các loài cá vẹt đỏ Vieja melanurus ♀ × Amphilophus citrinellus ♂, cá dĩa Symphysodon spp., cá tráp đỏ Pagrus pagrus và cá hồi vân Oncorhynchus mykiss [18,23,29,38]. Như vậy, có thể thấy rằng vẫn còn nhiều vấn đề cần làm rõ liên quan đến tác động của astaxanthin bổ sung lên cá khoang cổ nemo, tập trung vào các cơ chế chuyển hóa, hấp thu, đặc biệt là con đường chuyển hóa từ astaxanthin bổ sung thành các sản phẩm trung gian như zeaxanthin và canthaxanthin tích lũy trong cơ thể loài cá này.…”

Astaxanthin: a powerful antioxidant used in aquaculture for coloration with aquatic animal health implications

“…In addition, March and MacMillan [44] also concluded that the genetics has a large influence on astaxanthin absorption and deposition in Atlantic salmon. Micah et al [85] documented 4,250 differently expressed genes affecting numerous metabolic and physiological pathways in blood parrotfish (Viejamelanurus x Amphilopuscitrinellus) fed astaxanthin, Feed composition contributes to astaxanthin deposition efficiency. Increased dietary fat concentrations in rainbow trout increases astaxanthin digestibility, transport [86], absorption [87] and retention efficiency [88].…”

“…receiving at least 200 mg/kg of dietary astaxanthin for four weeks. The external coloration of goldfish (Carassius auratus) was also improved with relatively low levels of dietary astaxanthin [85] while considerable higher levels were used with blood parrotfish to achieve changes in skin coloration [94]. Both natural and synthetic sources of astaxanthin improved the coloration of orchid dottyback (Pseudochromisfridmani) with natural source astaxanthin deemed a more effective colorant [95].…”