Effect of dietary complex Chinese herbal medicine on growth performance, digestive enzyme activities in tissues and expression of genes involved in the digestive enzymes and antioxidant enzymes and bacterial challenge in Litopenaeus vannamei

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of complex Chinese herbal medicines (CCHM) on growth performance, digestive enzyme activity, immunity and metabolism and Vibrio parahemolyticus resistance of Litopenaeus vannamei. The 30‐day feeding experimental results indicated that dietary CCHM obviously increased the survival rate (SR), weight gain rate (WGR) and specific growth rate (SGR) of shrimp. The feed conversion ratio (FCR) was obviously reduced by the CHMM. The supplementation of CCHM could significantly (p < 0.05) increase the activity of protease in the stomach, hepatopancreas and intestine of shrimp. The activities of amylase and lipase were enhanced significantly (p < 0.05) in the stomach, hepatopancreas and intestine of shrimp fed 10 g/kg CCHM diet. The number of haemocytes was increased significantly (p < 0.05) in the shrimp fed the diet with 10 and 15 g/kg CHMM. The activities of total superoxide dismutase (T‐SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH‐Px) and catalase (CAT) in the hepatopancreas of shrimp fed with 10 g/kg CCHM were significantly (p < 0.05) higher than that of the control group. The gene expression levels of SOD, CAT, ATPase, TLR, chymotrypsin and GS in the hepatopancreas and intestine of prawns fed with 10 g/kg CCHM were significantly (p < 0.05) up‐regulated. In challenge experiment, the relative protection rate was significantly (p < 0.05) increased in the shrimp fed CCHM‐supplemental diet when challenged with V. parahaemolyticus. Comprehensive consideration of the current experimental results, the additive suitable dosage of the CCHM was 10 g/kg.

Effects of a Commercial Feed Additive (Sanacore® GM) on Immune-Antioxidant Profile and Resistance of Gilthead Seabream (Sparus aurata) Against Vibrio alginolyticus Infection

“…In this regard, Abdel-Tawwab et al ( 2020) fed common carp with multi-stimulants blend (AQUAMAX) and found that SOD, CAT, and GPx activities significantly raised, while lipid peroxidation, measured as MDA, significantly decreased with AQUAMAX supplementation up to 1.0 -5.0 g/kg diet. Zhang et al (2021) investigated the influence of complex Chinese herbal medicines (CCHM) on growth performance, digestive enzyme activity, antioxidant status, immunity, and Vibrio parahaemolyticus resistance in white leg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). They discovered that SOD, CAT, and GPx activities were considerably higher in the hepatopancreas of shrimp fed a 10 g CCHM/kg diet than in the control group.…”

Effects of Panax notoginseng Water Extract on Immune Responses and Digestive Enzymes in White Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei

“…Previous studies on the intestinal digestive enzymes of L . vannamei have revealed that complex Chinese herbal medicines improve protease, amylase, and lipase activity as well as chymotrypsin gene expression [ 6 ]; Withania somnifera aqueous extract improves amylase and lipase activity [ 33 ]; Moringa oleifera leaf extract improves protease, amylase, and lipase activity [ 27 ]; and Andrographis paniculate improves trypsin and amylase gene expression [ 3 ]. Our results demonstrated that L .…”

“…In addition, L . vannamei fed with >5 g/kg of complex Chinese herbal medicine can promote a digestive enzyme gene expression, while >10 g/kg can increase THC [ 6 ]. This study indicated that, after L .…”

“…Panax notoginseng (Burk) F. H. Chen belongs to Araliaceae and the genus Panax [ 5 , 6 ], primarily produced in Japan, Myanmar, and the southwestern regions of China [ 7 , 8 ]. More than 200 active substances, such as saponins, polyacetylenes, sterols, volatile oils, flavonoids, polysaccharides, cyclopeptides, and amino acids, have been identified from Panax notoginsens [ 5 ].…”

Perspective on intestinal microbiota temporal changes of herbal additives treated shrimp in a natural aquaculture setting

“…Many reports have indicated that traditional Chinese herbal medicine possesses specific therapeutic and preventive capabilities against diseases (Zhai and Li, 2019;Zhang et al, 2021). Numerous herbs exhibit natural antipyretic and detoxifying effects and contain essential natural compounds, such as phenylethanoid glycosides, resins and their glycosides, pentacyclic triterpenoids, chlorogenic acid, iridoids, and essential oils, which play crucial roles in curing viral infections and enhancing resistance (Liao et al, 2022).…”