Effect of dietary concentration of xylitol on growth in male broiler chicks during immunological stress

Abstract

Two experiments were conducted to determine the effect of dietary xylitol concentration on growth performance, plasma (alpha1 acid glycoprotein (AGP), nitrite, and Fe concentration in male broiler chicks during immunological stress. Ten-day-old chicks were fed a corn-soybean diet containing 15% glucose and 6% xylitol or 15% xylitol with identical metabolizable energy and crude protein content for 12 d in Experiment 1. In Experiment 2, 12-d-old chicks were fed either the 15% glucose or 6% xylitol diet for 7 d. During the final 6 d of each experiment, half of the birds fed each diet were injected intraperitoneally with Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 0127:B8) on Days 1, 3, and 5 and with Sephadex-G50 superfine on Days 2 and 4 to stimulate the immune system. The xylitol diets partially prevented reductions in body weight gain, feed intake, and feed efficiency caused by LPS and Sephadex injections, but the glucose diet did not. The injections of LPS and Sephadex increased plasma AGP and nitrite concentrations. Plasma AGP concentration on Days 2 and 6 in chicks fed the xylitol diets did not differ from that of chicks fed the glucose diet in both experiments. Nitric oxide production estimated by plasma nitrite concentration following immunological stress did not differ due to dietary treatments in Experiment 2. The LPS and Sephadex resulted in decreased plasma Fe concentration on Day 6 in Experiment 1 in chicks fed glucose but not xylitol. These results indicate that a beneficial effect of dietary xylitol on growth is obtained with 6% xylitol given to chicks 1 d before stimulating the immune system.

Adding Phytogenic Material and/or Organic Acids to Broiler Diets: Effect on Performance, Nutrient Digestibility and Net Profit

“…But it significantly increased antibody levels on blood, resulting in increased activity of immune system. Takahashi et al (2000) and Tajodini et al (2014) proposed that immune-stimulation may have adverse effects on growth performance, because more nutrients are repartitioned to synthesize and develop immune organs, thereby decreasing the amount of nutrients available for growth.…”

Sugar Alcohol Sweeteners as Alternatives to Sugar with Special Consideration of Xylitol

“…[30] -Prevention of cardiac arrhythmias [31] -Stimulation of pancreatic enzyme secretion [32] -Anti-tumor effect (increasing host cell metabolism) [33] -Beneficial effect on the growth of broiler chicks [34] -Prevention of phenylenediamine-induced hepatotoxicity [35] -Wound care (inhibition of wound biofilm formation) [36] -Inhibition of fish oil oxidation (fishy flavor suppression) [37] -Inhibition of food spoilage micro-organisms [38] -As a sanitizer (food safety; kitchen hygiene; with free radicals)…”

Ammonia concentration and relative humidity in poultry houses affect the immune response of broilers

“…During their lifetime, broilers encounter a number of stressors, such as the temperature (Quinteiro-Filho et al, 2012), relative humidity (Yahav et al, 1995), stocking density (Simitzis et al, 2012), immunological challenge (Takahashi et al, 2000), handling (Zulkifli et al, 2000), and airborne contaminants (Do et al, 2005). Of the airborne contaminants, ammonia (NH 3 ) is considered to be the most harmful gas released from broiler litter (Carlie, 1984) and is considered detrimental in the modern poultry house (Beker et al, 2004;Miles et al, 2004).…”