Effect of dietary esterified glucomannan on performance, serum biochemistry and haematology in broilers exposed to aflatoxin

Abstract

The amelioration of aflatoxicosis in broiler chickens was examined by feeding two concentrations of yeast component (esterified glucomannan; EG). EG, incorporated into the diet at 0.5 and 1 g/kg, was evaluated for its ability to reduce the detrimental effects of 2 mg total aflatoxin (AF; 82.72% AFB<sub>1</sub>, 5.50% AFB<sub>2</sub>, 10.20% AFG<sub>1</sub> and 1.58% AFG<sub>2</sub>) in diet on growing broiler chicks from 1 to 21 d of age. A total of 240 male broiler chicks (Ross-308) were divided into 6 treatment groups [control, AF, EG (0.5 g/kg), AF plus EG (0.5 g/kg), EG (1 g/kg), and AF plus EG (1 g/kg)]. Compared to the control, AF treatment significantly decreased body weight gain from week 2 onwards. AF treatment also caused significant decreases in serum total protein, albumin, total cholesterol, triglyceride, glucose, inorganic phosphorus, creatinine levels and alanine-aminotransferase (ALAT) activity but increased the aspartate-aminotransferase (ASAT) activity. Red blood cell, haematocrit, haemoglobin, thrombocyte, and lymphocyte counts and tibial crude ash levels were significantly reduced by AF treatment, while significant increases were seen in heterophil counts. The addition of EG (1 g/kg) to an AF-containing diet significantly improved the adverse effects of AF on haematological parameters, total protein, albumin values and ASAT activity. EG (1 g/kg) also partially improved body weight gains (59%) and the other biochemical parameters influenced by AF treatment. The addition of EG (both 0.5 and 1 g/kg) to the AF-free diet did not cause any considerable changes in the investigated values. These results clearly indicated that EG (1 g/kg) addition effectively diminished the adverse effects of AF on the investigated values. Also, the higher dietary concentration of EG (1 g/kg) was found more effective than the lower concentration (0.5 g/kg) against the adverse effects of AF on the variables investigated in this study.  

Assessment of serum biochemical parameters and pathological changes in broilers with chronic aflatoxicosis fed glucomannan-containing yeast product (Mycosorb) and sodium bentonite

“…Some biochemical toxic effects were also clearly visible in the present study. Lower amounts of uric acid, cholesterol, and triglycerides, and higher AST and ALT activities were observed in chickens fed aflatoxin alone (negative control group) as compared to positive control group, and were in agreement with previous reports on the biochemical toxic effects of aflatoxin (4,13,18). Elevation in activities of AST and ALT and decreased cholesterol and triglyceride values in group 2 may result from hepatic damage and leakage of enzymes into the blood stream, as well as impairment of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism (18).…”

“…The biochemical, haematological (4,22), immunological (17), and pathological (24) effects of aflatoxin have also been described in details. Aflatoxin can also cause significant gross and microscopic alterations in the liver, such as hepatomegaly, paleness, hydropic and fatty degeneration, bile duct hyperplasia, and periportal fibrosis (10,25).…”

“…Zeolites (12,16), bentonites (7,11,26), and yeast/esterified glucomannan (1,4,6,15) were opted for because of their effect on reducing aflatoxin absorption from the gastrointestinal tract. Some studies have showed that the best method for decontamination is biological degradation by yeast and yeast components, which can remove aflatoxin under mild conditions, without using harmful chemicals or causing noticeable losses in nutritive value and palatableness of the feed (21,30).…”

Ameliorating aflatoxicosis in commercial broiler chickens by dietary Mycosorb: Heamato-Biochemical studies

“…EGM showed considerably high binding ability (80-97%) with AF (Diaz et al, 2002). The EGM partially and/or completely reversed the adverse effect of AF on performance, biochemistry haematology and immune responses of birds (Basmacoglu et al, 2005;Yildirim et al, 2011 andMaldhure et al,2015). The main objective of this study was to evaluate the ameliorating effect of EGM so as to ascertain a practical method for AF detoxification.…”

Aflatoxins in Poultry Nutrition

“…2 -3.7 ------Cultured material 3 wks (Basmacioglu et al, 2005). 4 -9.33 -10.38 +0.04 Purified AFB1 3 wks (Ledoux et al, 1999).…”