Effect of dietary fat supplementation on methane emissions from dairy cows fed wheat or corn

Alvarez-Hess, P.S.; Williams, S.R.O.; Jacobs, J. L.; Hannah, M.C.; Beauchemin, K. A.; Eckard, Richard; Wales, William J.; Morris, G.L.; Moate, Peter J.

doi:10.3168/jds.2018-14721

Cited by 29 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The negative correlations observed for fat intake and methanogen abundance are highly congruent with previous observations made in ruminants, where an increased fat (oil) concentration in the diet led to a reduced enteric methane production of up to 36% ([ 73 ] and references therein). It is considered that dietary fat affects methane production in rumen because it reduces the hydrogen accumulation through fatty acid biohydrogenation, leading to the conversion of unsaturated fatty acids to saturated fatty acids, reducing the intake of fermentable organic matter and fibre digestion [ 73 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Reduced B12 uptake and increased gastrointestinal formate are associated with archaeome-mediated breath methane emission in humans

et al. 2021

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Background Methane is an end product of microbial fermentation in the human gastrointestinal tract. This gas is solely produced by an archaeal subpopulation of the human microbiome. Increased methane production has been associated with abdominal pain, bloating, constipation, IBD, CRC or other conditions. Twenty percent of the (healthy) Western populations innately exhale substantially higher amounts (>5 ppm) of this gas. The underlying principle for differential methane emission and its effect on human health is not sufficiently understood. Results We assessed the breath methane content, the gastrointestinal microbiome, its function and metabolome, and dietary intake of one-hundred healthy young adults (female: n = 52, male: n = 48; mean age =24.1). On the basis of the amount of methane emitted, participants were grouped into high methane emitters (CH4 breath content 5–75 ppm) and low emitters (CH4 < 5 ppm). The microbiomes of high methane emitters were characterized by a 1000-fold increase in Methanobrevibacter smithii. This archaeon co-occurred with a bacterial community specialized on dietary fibre degradation, which included members of Ruminococcaceae and Christensenellaceae. As confirmed by metagenomics and metabolomics, the biology of high methane producers was further characterized by increased formate and acetate levels in the gut. These metabolites were strongly correlated with dietary habits, such as vitamin, fat and fibre intake, and microbiome function, altogether driving archaeal methanogenesis. Conclusions This study enlightens the complex, multi-level interplay of host diet, genetics and microbiome composition/function leading to two fundamentally different gastrointestinal phenotypes and identifies novel points of therapeutic action in methane-associated disorders.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Reduced B12 uptake and increased gastrointestinal formate are associated with archaeome-mediated breath methane emission in humans

et al. 2021

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“…The negative correlations observed for fat intake and methanogen abundance are highly congruent with previous observations made in ruminants, where an increased fat (oil) concentration in the diet led to a reduced enteric methane production of up to 36% ((Alvarez-Hess et al, 2019) and references therein). It is considered that dietary fat affects methane production in rumen because it reduces the hydrogen accumulation through fatty acid biohydrogenation, leading to the conversion of unsaturated fatty acids to saturated fatty acids, reducing the intake of fermentable organic matter and fibre digestion (Alvarez-Hess et al, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Methane emission of humans is explained by dietary habits, host genetics, local formate availability and a uniform archaeome

Kumpitsch

Fischmeister

Mahnert

et al. 2020

Preprint

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SummaryArchaea are responsible for methane production in the human gastrointestinal tract. Twenty percent of the Western populations exhale substantial amounts of this gas. The underlying principle determining high or low methane emission and its effect on human health was still not sufficiently understood.In this study, we analysed the gastrointestinal microbiome, archaeome, metagenome, metabolome, and eating behaviour of 100 healthy young adults. We correlated high levels of human methane emission (5-75 ppm) with a 1000-fold increase in Methanobrevibacter smithii. This archaeon co-occurred with a bacterial community specialised on dietary fibre degradation, which included members of the Ruminococcaceae and Christensenellaceae. Methane production was negatively affected by high vitamin B12 and fat intake of the subjects, and was positively associated with increased formate concentrations in the gut. Overall, methane emission is explained by dietary habits, host genetics, local metabolite availability and microbiome/archaeome composition, emphasizing the unique biology of high methane-emitters which has potentially positive impact on human health.Abstract FigureGraphical abstract:

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“…The negative correlations observed for fat intake and methanogen abundance are highly congruent with previous observations made in ruminants, where an increased fat (oil) concentration in the diet led to a reduced enteric methane production of up to 36% ( [69] and references therein). It is considered that dietary fat affects methane production in rumen because it reduces the hydrogen accumulation through fatty acid biohydrogenation, leading to the conversion of unsaturated fatty acids to saturated fatty acids, reducing the intake of fermentable organic matter and fibre digestion [69].…”

Section: Iii)supporting

confidence: 90%

Reduced B12 Uptake and Increased Gastrointestinal Formate Drive Archaeome-Mediated Breath Methane Emission in Humans

Kumpitsch

Fischmeister

Mahnert

et al. 2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Methane is an end product of microbial fermentation in the human gastrointestinal tract. This gas is solely produced by an archaeal subpopulation of the human microbiome. Increased methane production has been associated with abdominal pain, bloating, constipation, IBD, CRC or other conditions. Twenty percent of the (healthy) Western populations innately exhale substantially higher amounts (>5 ppm) of this gas. The underlying principle for differential methane emission and its effect on human health was still not sufficiently understood. Results We assessed the breath methane content, gastrointestinal microbiome, metagenome, metabolome, and eating behavior of one-hundred healthy young adults (female: n = 52, male: n = 48; mean age =24.1). On the basis of the amount of methane emitted, participants were grouped into high methane emitters (CH4 breath content 5-75 ppm) and low emitters (CH4 < 5 ppm). The microbiomes of high methane emitters were characterized by a 1000-fold increase in Methanobrevibacter smithii. This archaeon co-occurred with a bacterial community specialized on dietary fibre degradation, which included members of Ruminococcaceae and Christensenellaceae. As confirmed by metagenomics and metabolomics, the biology of high methane producers was further characterized by increased formate and acetate levels in the gut. These metabolites were strongly correlated with dietary habits, such as vitamin, fat and fibre intake, host genetics, and microbiome function, altogether driving archaeal methanogenesis. Conclusions This study enlightens the complex, multi-level interplay of host diet, genetics and microbiome composition/function leading to two fundamentally different gastrointestinal phenotypes and identifies novel points of therapeutic action in methane-associated disorders.

show abstract

Effect of dietary fat supplementation on methane emissions from dairy cows fed wheat or corn

Cited by 29 publications

References 47 publications

Reduced B12 uptake and increased gastrointestinal formate are associated with archaeome-mediated breath methane emission in humans

Reduced B12 uptake and increased gastrointestinal formate are associated with archaeome-mediated breath methane emission in humans

Methane emission of humans is explained by dietary habits, host genetics, local formate availability and a uniform archaeome

Reduced B12 Uptake and Increased Gastrointestinal Formate Drive Archaeome-Mediated Breath Methane Emission in Humans

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