Effect of Dietary Fats on Oxidative Phosphorylation and Fatty Acid Profile of Rat Liver Mitochondria

Divakaran, P.; Venkataraman, A.

doi:10.1093/jn/107.9.1621

Cited by 45 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…However, as with the aging studies, there is considerable controversy as to whether dietary fatty acids actually alter mitochondrial bioenergetics. Reports demonstrating dietary fatty acid-induced decreases in RCI, State 3 and State 4 respiration and P/O ratios (54,(57)(58)(59) are offset by reports demonstrating no or contradictory effects on the same properties under similar conditions (60)(61)(62).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Effect of docosahexaenoic acid on mouse mitochondrial membrane properties

Stillwell

Jenski

Crump

et al. 1997

Lipids

114

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Long-chain polyunsaturated (n-3) fatty acids have been proposed to be involved in a wide variety of biological activities. In this study, mitochondrial docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) levels were increased by either dietary manipulation or by fusing the mitochondria with phospholipid vesicles made from 1-stearoyl-2-docosahexaenoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (18:0/22:6 PC). The fused mitochondria exhibited a DHA-induced decrease in respiratory control index (RCI) and membrane potential and an increase in proton movement. The modified mitochondria also demonstrated an increase in fluidity (as detected by 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene anisotropy) and changes in membrane structure detected by the fluorescence probes MC540 and pyrene decanoate. Proton movement in lipid vesicles made from mitochondrial lipid extracts was shown to be enhanced by incorporated 18:0/22:6 PC. Mitochondria were isolated from young (5-mon) and old (24-mon) mice which were maintained on either a diet rich in saturated fats (hydrogenated coconut oil) or rich in n-3 polyunsaturated fats (menhaden oil). Mitochondrial bioenergetic function was followed by RCI, state 3 respiration, ATP level, and phosphate uptake. In addition, lipid composition, phospholipid area/molecule and extent of lipid peroxidation were also determined. Decreases in RCI for the menhaden oil diet-modified mitochondria paralleled those in which DHA levels were enhanced by fusion with phospholipid vesicles. RCI reductions are attributed to DHA-induced increases in H+ movement, producing diminished mitochondrial membrane potentials. One purpose of this project was to determine if the deleterious effects of aging on mitochondrial bioenergetic function could be reversed by addition of n-3 fatty acids. The experiments reported here indicate that incorporation of long-chain polyunsaturated n-3 fatty acids into mitochondrial membranes does not appear likely to reverse the effects of age on mitochondrial function.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Effect of docosahexaenoic acid on mouse mitochondrial membrane properties

Stillwell

Jenski

Crump

et al. 1997

Lipids

114

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“…However, these results cannot be discussed in terms of PL FA composition only, since the difference in fat levels between the two diets might have affected the enzyme activ ity [52]. Morphological and functional mod ifications and an increase in metabolic oxy gen consumption have been reported for rat liver in EFA deficiency [42], Although such changes have not been consistently con firmed [54] and have not been described in rat cardiac MITO [40], we cannot rule out the possibility that the activity of the enzyme was influenced by metabolic changes and eventual membrane perturbations occurring in EFA deficiency.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Phospholipid Fatty Acid Composition of Mouse Cardiac Organelles after Feeding Graded Amounts of Docosahexaenoate in Presence of High Levels of Linoleate

Croset¹,

Kinsella²

1989

Ann Nutr Metab

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Mice were fed diets containing a constant supply of linoleic acid (18:2n-6, LA) as ethyl ester representing 5% by weight of the total fat (5 wt%), in combination with graded amounts of purified docosahexaenoate (22:6n-3, DHA). Cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) and mitochondrial phospholipids (PL) from mice fed the diet without DHA contained higher levels of n-6 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) (22:4n-6 and 22:5n-6) compared to total PL of liver. In the cardiac mitochondrial PL, the level of LA, DHA, the total content of PUFA and the P/S ratio were significantly higher than in SR. A small increase in dietary DHA from 0 to 0.43 wt% induced a 3.6-fold increase in PL DHA content from both cardiac organelles, with a concurrent reduction of n-6 PUFA. The changes in fatty acid PL composition were much more moderate when dietary DHA level was increased to 0.85 and 3.74 wt%. Feeding the lowest amount of DHA resulted in a 6-fold decrease in the value of n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio and a 3.5-fold decrease in the value of 20 carbon chain/22 carbon chain PUFA ratio. DHA was readily depleted from cardiac PL, and only arachidonic acid was retained in the PL from both organelles, after feeding a fat-deficient diet. Despite these drastic modifications in PL fatty acid composition, the maximum velocity (V_m) of SR Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺-ATPase was not affected, which indicates that SR cardiac membrane adapts to changes in fatty acid composition to prevent important modifications of its functional properties. However, the V_m of mitochondrial oligomycin-sensitive ATPase was slightly increased in mice fed the lowest amount of DHA. This might be due to an increase in P/S ratio and/or to a modification of cardiolipin fatty acid composition, since this PL is required for optimum function of this enzyme. It is concluded that DHA is strongly taken up by mouse cardiac PL, even in the presence of high dietary LA levels, but its acylation into PL has only little effect on the cardiac ATPase activities.

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“…In this same study, the respiratory capacity of the red muscle mitochondria was altered by the different diets and was found to be higher in the diet rich in polyunsaturated lipids [125]. Several other studies in mammals have also demonstrated that dietary changes modify the FA composition of the major mitochondrial phospholipids [126–128] and, in particular, the molecular species associated with mitochondrial CL [57]. Following a diet deficient in linoleic acid (C18:2), an essential fatty acid, the rat heart showed a significant decrease in tetralinoleoyl CL, which affected mitochondrial oxygen consumption [127, 129].…”

Section: Remodeling Of Mitochondrial Phospholipids and The Role Ofmentioning

confidence: 97%

Formation and Regulation of Mitochondrial Membranes

Schenkel

Bakovic

2014

International Journal of Cell Biology

138

101

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Mitochondrial membrane phospholipids are essential for the mitochondrial architecture, the activity of respiratory proteins, and the transport of proteins into the mitochondria. The accumulation of phospholipids within mitochondria depends on a coordinate synthesis, degradation, and trafficking of phospholipids between the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria as well as intramitochondrial lipid trafficking. Several studies highlight the contribution of dietary fatty acids to the remodeling of phospholipids and mitochondrial membrane homeostasis. Understanding the role of phospholipids in the mitochondrial membrane and their metabolism will shed light on the molecular mechanisms involved in the regulation of mitochondrial function and in the mitochondrial-related diseases.

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Effect of Dietary Fats on Oxidative Phosphorylation and Fatty Acid Profile of Rat Liver Mitochondria

Cited by 45 publications

References 30 publications

Effect of docosahexaenoic acid on mouse mitochondrial membrane properties

Effect of docosahexaenoic acid on mouse mitochondrial membrane properties

Changes in Phospholipid Fatty Acid Composition of Mouse Cardiac Organelles after Feeding Graded Amounts of Docosahexaenoate in Presence of High Levels of Linoleate

Formation and Regulation of Mitochondrial Membranes

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