Effect of dietary ideal amino acid ratios, and supplemental carbohydrase in hulless-bar ley-based diets on pig performance and nitrogen excretion in manure

Grandhi, R. R.

doi:10.4141/a00-064

Cited by 15 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…High levels of NSP in pig diets can cause an increase in digesta viscosity, preventing interaction between substrate and digestive enzymes and, hence, reducing the nutrient digestibility (O'Connell et al, 2005;Passos et al, 2015). Previous studies demonstrated that supplementation of exogenous enzymes to high-NSP diets reduced the viscosity of digesta and enhanced the nutrient utilization (Parkkonen et al, 1997;Grandhi, 2001;Ji et al, 2008;Tapingkae et al, 2008). In the present study, pigs fed diets supplemented with β-mannanase had greater digestibility of β-mannan, which might reduce digesta viscosity and improve nutrient utilization.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

Effects of mannan level and β-mannanase supplementation on growth performance, apparent total tract digestibility and blood metabolites of growing pigs

Kim

Ingale

Hosseindoust

et al. 2017

Animal

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The exogenous enzymes are less consistent in their effects as their beneficial effects depend upon the types and level non-starch polysaccharides (NSP) present in the diets. Therefore, exogenous enzymes should be selected on the basis of types and amount of the NSP in the pig diets. The objectives of the present experiments were to investigate the effects of dietary level of mannan and β-mannanase supplementation on growth performance, apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of energy and nutrients, and blood metabolites of growing pigs. In Exp. 1, 96 barrows were randomly allotted to four treatments on the basis of BW. There were four replicates in each treatment with six pigs per replicate. The dietary treatments were a corn-soybean meal (SBM)-based control diet and three other diets consisted of the control diet supplemented with 400, 800 or 1600 U of β-mannanase/kg diet. The final BW, average daily gain (ADG) and blood glucose increased (linear, P < 0.05) with increasing concentrations of dietary β-mannanase. The ATTD of dry matter (DM), gross energy (GE) and β-mannan was higher (linear, P < 0.05) with increase in dietary β-mannanase concentrations. In Exp. 2, 288 barrows were allotted to six treatments in a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement of mannan level (high v. low) and addition of β-mannanase (0, 400 or 800 U/kg diet). There were four replicates in each treatment with 12 pigs/replicate. Pigs were fed corn-SBM-based low-mannan diet (6.1 g/kg) or high-mannan (25.2 g/kg) diet in which corn and SBM were partially replaced with 50 g/kg diet palm kernel meal. All diets were fed in meal form for 42 days. Pigs fed diets supplemented with β-mannanase had greater ( P < 0.05) final BW, ADG, feed to gain (F : G), the ATTD of DM, GE, and β-mannan and blood glucose concentration compared with pigs fed diets without β-mannanase. In addition, the final BW, ADG, F : G and the ATTD of GE and β-mannan were reduced ( P < 0.05) in low mannan level. The dietary level of mannan and the β-mannanase supplementation had no effects ( P > 0.05) on the concentrations of blood total cholesterol, triacylglycerides and blood urea nitrogen. These results indicate that supplementation of β-mannanase to low-or high-mannan diets have potential to improve the performance of growing pigs. In addition, palm kernel meal may partially replace corn and SBM without reducing pig performance if β-mannanase is added to diet.Keywords: blood metabolites, growing pigs, performance, mannan, β-mannanase ImplicationsThe β-mannan accounts for 15% to 35 % (soy-based to palm-based) of total non-starch polysaccharides content of the pig diets, β-galactomannan, is a polysaccharide with repeating units of mannose, with galactose or glucose, or both, often found attached to the β-mannan. Pig digestive tract lacks the enzymes targeting β-1, 4-mannosyl bond and α-1, 6-galactosyl bonds, which limits the nutrient utilization and growth performance. These results indicate that β-mannanase have potential to improve the performance of growing pigs, and palm kernel meal m...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

Effects of mannan level and β-mannanase supplementation on growth performance, apparent total tract digestibility and blood metabolites of growing pigs

Kim

Ingale

Hosseindoust

et al. 2017

Animal

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“…Furthermore, in studies with growing and finishing pigs, the effects of multienzyme supplementation have been contradictory. In a study with a wheat/soybean-based diet supplemented with a multienzyme preparation (β-glucanase, hemicellulase, pentosanase, and cellulase), Officer (1995) found no improvement in ADFI, ADG, and feed conversion efficiency of pigs weaned at 27 to 29 d. However, Grandhi (2001) found improvement in feed conversion efficiency but not in ADFI and ADG when barley diets supplemented with commercial carbohydrases (Ronozyme W) were fed to 20-kg pigs. On the contrary, Thacker et al (1988) did not observe any significant improvement in ADFI, ADG, or feed efficiency when growing-finishing pigs (80 kg BW) were fed hulless barley diets supplemented with multienzyme preparations containing β-glucanase, pentosanase, cellulase, amylase, and pectinase.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Dietary supplementation with multienzyme preparations improves nutrient utilization and growth performance in weaned pigs12

Omogbenigun

Nyachoti

Slominski

2004

Journal of Animal Science

134

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Two experiments with young pigs (25 d of age) were conducted to investigate the effect of multienzyme preparations on nutrient digestibility, growth performance, and P utilization and excretion. In Exp. 1, 24 pigs (six pigs per treatment) were used in a 28-d performance and digestibility trial using four diets: control (no enzyme) and control supplemented with enzyme preparation A, B, or C. The control diet was formulated to meet 95% of NRC (1998) nutrient specifications (except for available P, which was at 44% NRC) and composed of corn, wheat, wheat by-products, barley, soybean meal, canola meal, and peas. All three enzyme preparations contained xylanase, glucanase, amylase, protease, invertase, and phytase activities and differed in the type of plant cell wall-degrading activities; Enzyme A contained cellulase, galactanase, and mannanase; Enzyme B contained cellulase and pectinase; and Enzyme C contained cellulase, galactanase, mannanase, and pectinase. Pigs fed enzyme-supplemented diets had higher ADG (P = 0.02) and G:F (P = 0.01) than those fed the control diet. On average, and when compared with control diet, enzyme supplementation improved (P = 0.001 to 0.04) ileal digestibility of DM (60 vs. 66%), GE (62.8 vs. 70.4%), CP (62 vs. 72%), starch (86.7 vs. 94.2%), nonstarch polysaccharides (NSP; 10.1 vs. 17.6%), and phytate (59 vs. 70%). Compared with the control, total-tract digestibility of nutrients was increased (P = 0.001 to 0.01) owing to enzyme supplementation, with Enzyme C showing the highest improvement in DM, GE, CP, starch, NSP, phytate, and P utilization. Pigs fed enzyme-supplemented diets had decreased (P = 0.04) fecal P excretion. The benefit from improved nutrient utilization with enzyme supplementation was further substantiated in a 38-d growth performance study with 48 pigs. The control and Enzyme C-supplemented diets (same as Exp. 1) were assigned to six replicate pens (four pigs per pen). The study was conducted in three phases (Phase 1 = d 0 to 7; Phase 2 = d 7 to 21; Phase 3 = d 21 to 38). Individual BW and pen feed disappearance were monitored. Average daily gain and G:F were 231 and 257 g (P = 0.01), and 0.56 and 0.63 (P = 0.001) for the control and enzyme-supplemented diets, respectively. It is evident from this study that the use of enzyme preparations may allow for cost-effective and environmentally friendly formulation of young pig diets.

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“…However, the results are not always consistent. Some studies failed to observe a positive effect of carbohydrases supplementation on growth performance (Grandhi, 2001;Olukosi, 2007). The contradictions in the impact of multienzyme supplementation on growth performance may be attributed to the differences in the diets composition, the age of pigs used.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Non-starch Polysaccharide-degrading Enzymes on Nutrient Digestibility, Growth Performance and Blood Profiles of Growing Pigs Fed a Diet Based on Corn and Soybean Meal

Ao¹,

Meng²,

Yan³

et al. 2010

Asian Australas. J. Anim. Sci

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Two experiments with growing pigs were conducted to investigate the effects of two distinct multienzyme preparations on nutrient digestibility, growth performance and blood profiles. In Exp. 1, a total of 96 pigs (29.7±0.69 kg) were utilized in a 42-day performance and digestibility trial using four dietary treatments: CON (control diet), ENDO (control+0.10% Endopower), NSPase1 (control+0.10% NSPase) and NSPase2 (control+0.20% NSPase). Endopower was a commercial multienzyme preparation which contained α-galactosidase, galactomannase, xylanase and β-glucanase. NSPase mainly contained α-1,6-β-galactosidase, β-1,4mannanase and β-1,4-mannosidase. There were six replication pens per treatment with four pigs per pen. Pigs fed NSPase1 diet had a higher ADG (p<0.05) and G:F (p<0.05) than those fed the control diet. There were no significant differences in growth performance among the multienzyme treatments (p>0.05). Compared with CON, apparent digestibility of DM was increased (p<0.05) by ENDO treatment. N digestibility was improved (p<0.05) in response to multienzyme treatments during the experimental period. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) was higher (p<0.05) in ENDO treatment than in CON and NSPase1 treatments at the end of the experiment, while the glucose level improved (p<0.05) due to ENDO and NSPase2 treatments. In Exp. 2, four ileal-cannulated, growing barrows (20.17±1.31 kg) were housed in individual metabolism crates and randomly assigned to 1of 4 treatments (same as Exp. 1) within a 4×4 Latin square design. Enzyme supplementations improved the majority of apparent ileal amino acid digestibilities (p<0.05). It is concluded that the supplementation of NSPase1 improved growth performance as well as N digestibility and partially improved apparent ileal amino acid digestibility in growing pigs fed a diet based on corn and soybean meal.

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Effect of dietary ideal amino acid ratios, and supplemental carbohydrase in hulless-bar ley-based diets on pig performance and nitrogen excretion in manure

Cited by 15 publications

References 15 publications

Effects of mannan level and β-mannanase supplementation on growth performance, apparent total tract digestibility and blood metabolites of growing pigs

Effects of mannan level and β-mannanase supplementation on growth performance, apparent total tract digestibility and blood metabolites of growing pigs

Dietary supplementation with multienzyme preparations improves nutrient utilization and growth performance in weaned pigs12

Effects of Non-starch Polysaccharide-degrading Enzymes on Nutrient Digestibility, Growth Performance and Blood Profiles of Growing Pigs Fed a Diet Based on Corn and Soybean Meal

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