Effect of Dietary Inclusion of Dehydrated Food Waste Products on Taiwan Native Chicken (Taishi No. 13)

Abstract

The effect of dehydrated food waste product (DFWP) inclusion in diets of Taiwan native chickens on the growth performance, carcass traits, clinical blood chemistry and nutrient digestibility was investigated with 320 male Taishi Native Chickens (Taishi No. 13). They were randomly allocated into four levels of DFWP inclusion (0, 5, 10, or 20%) treatment. Each treatment had 80 chickens with four replicates. At 15 weeks of age, 8 chickens were selected from each group for the nutrient digestibility trial. The results showed that body weight gain during the 0 to 4 week period decreased as the feed intake and feed conversion rate (FCR) increased linearly with increasing level of DFWP inclusion. During the 4 to 8 week period, greater body weight gains were recorded for the birds on the 5% DFWP inclusion level than for the control (p<0.05). During 8 to16 weeks, the feed intake and FCR increased linearly (p<0.05). Interestingly too, results of the carcass analysis showed that DFWP inclusion up to 20% in the diet significantly decreased the relative abdominal fat weight but increased the relative proventriculus and gizzard weights of the birds. However, other carcass parameters, meat quality and sensory scores were not significantly influenced by the dietary DFWP inclusion levels (p>0.05). Higher serum aspartate aminotransferase, γ-glutamyltransferase activity and crude protein digestibility, and lower gross energy digestibility were observed in the 20% DFWP group compared to the control (p<0.05). Dietary DFWP inclusion was inappropriate during the 0 to 4 week period. During 4 to 8 weeks, there was no adverse effect on chicken performance in the 20% group. There was no disadvantage on carcass properties and in the meat panel test. This result would not affect consumer determination.

Effect of energy to protein ratio using alternative feed ingredients on growth performance and nutrient digestibility in broilers

“…Protein efficiency ratio decreased with increasing ash content of meat and bone meal from 24% to 34% (Johnson and Parsons 1997). In contrast to the results of present study, Chen et al (2007) observed increased protein digestibility in chickens fed dehydrated food waste at 20% level in the diets. Digestibility of crude fiber in birds fed low EPR (high protein content) was the highest (P<0.01) compared to the other treatments at day 42.…”

“…Similarly, Ratriyanto et al (2014) also observed increased crude fiber digestibility in broilers fed high-protein diets compared to low-protein diets. Chen et al (2007) reported increased crude fiber digestibility due to the inclusion of dehydrated food waste in the diet of Taiwan native chickens. Ash digestibility was lower (P<0.001) in birds fed normal and high EPR diets compared to the control diets.…”

“…Food waste can be used as an alternate feed resource in poultry feed, partially or completely substituting conventional feed resources (Omoikhoje et al 2011). Food waste is generally used as energy source in broiler diets (Chen et al 2007). The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of different levels of energy to protein ratio (EPR) using food waste (rice waste and meat and bone waste) and BSFL on growth performance and nutrient digestibility of broilers.…”

Growth and carcass production responses of EPMp broiler ducks to various levels of crude fiber and protein in the diet

“…Penambahan serat dalam pakan selain dapat mengurangi penimbunan lemak (lemak abdominal) pada ternak unggas juga dapat menurunkan konsumsi pakan. Kuo-Lung et al (2007) melaporkan bahwa penambahan selulosa sampai dengan tingkat 10,80% ke dalam ransum dapat menurunkan efisiensi pakan dan menurunkan kandungan lemak abdominal pada ayam.…”

“…Bahan pakan yang diberikan antara lain adalah jagung, bungkil kedel dan padi (gabah) sebagai sumber serat. Pemanfaatan pakan yang efisien pada unggas tidak hanya dilihat dari aspek pertumbuhan dan PBB, akan tetapi juga harus dilihat dari efisiensi penggunaan tingkat protein dan energi dalam pakan untuk menghasilkan bobot hidup dan bobot karkas yang maksimal serta rendahnya kandungan lemak abdominal (Kuo-Lung et al 2007). Hasil penelitian ini memberi indikasi bahwa pemberian serat kasar sebesar 6 atau 9% dengan kandungan protein pakan 19 dan 21% masih dapat ditolerir itik untuk menghasilkan PBB yang ideal pada itik EMPp umur 12 minggu.…”