Effect of dietary intake of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids on severity of asthma in children

Hodge, Linda; Salome, CM; Hughes, JM; Liu-Brennan, Damien; Rimmer, Janet; Allman, M A; Pang, Dona; Armour, Carol; Woolcock, A J

doi:10.1183/09031936.98.11020361

Cited by 169 publications

(132 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…A European ecological study found no associations between PUFA consumption and sensitisation, but supported the hypothesis that a high intake of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) may lead to the development of atopic disease [10]. Epidemiological studies conducted in children revealed an inverse association between high fish consumption, which provides long chain omega-3 fatty acids, and the prevalence of asthma and bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and inferred that a decreased omega-6 to omega-3 ratio attenuates the inflammatory immune reaction [8][9][10][11]. Evidence from a recent clinical study in neonates indicates that altered membrane PUFA profiles during gestation may influence immunological function [12].…”

mentioning

confidence: 84%

Food and fatty acid intake and atopic disease in adults

Trak-Fellermeier¹,

Brasche²,

Winkler³

et al. 2004

Eur Respir J

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The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between dietary intake of selected foods and fatty acids with atopic disease prevalence in adults.Data from the European Community Respiratory Health Survey in Erfurt, combined with a 3-day weighed records dietary survey, was used. Complete data was available from 469 males and 333 females aged 20-64 yrs. Multiple logistic regression was applied comparing the highest with the lowest quartile of dietary exposures and linear trends were tested stratified by sex.In males, margarine intake and a high ratio of omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acids were positively associated with hay fever. In females, a high intake of total fat, palmitoleic and oleic acids were positively associated with sensitisation. A high total fat, high monounsaturated fatty acid and high oleic acid consumption were positively associated with hay fever.Whilst an excessive intake of fat or imbalance in fat intake, particular of monounsaturated fatty acids, increased the risk for hay fever and allergic sensitisation in females, mostly no significant associations were found for males. Dietary factors were mostly not related with prevalence rates of bronchial hyperresponsiveness and atopic eczema either in males or in females.

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mentioning

confidence: 84%

Food and fatty acid intake and atopic disease in adults

Trak-Fellermeier¹,

Brasche²,

Winkler³

et al. 2004

Eur Respir J

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“…(1998) (115) RCT, double-blind, parallel design Comparison of diet high in n-6 fatty acids and diet high in n-3 fatty acids 2-week run-in period followed by 6-month intervention period (118) RCT, cross-over design, double-blind, placebocontrolled Comparison of n-3 fatty acid supplementation with placebo supplementation 10-week intervention period, 6-week washout and then 10-week cross-over intervention baseline; however, the magnitude of change between groups was not significant (115) . PEF has been reported in some studies as a marker for lung function.…”

Section: Evidence From N-3 Intervention Trials In Asthmamentioning

confidence: 99%

n-3 Fatty acids and asthma

2016

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Asthma is one of the most common and prevalent problems worldwide affecting over 300 million individuals. There is some evidence from observational and intervention studies to suggest a beneficial effect of n-3 PUFA in inflammatory diseases, specifically asthma. Marine-based n-3 PUFA have therefore been proposed as a possible complementary/alternative therapy for asthma. The proposed anti-inflammatory effects of n-3 fatty acids may be linked to a change in cell membrane composition. This altered membrane composition following n-3 fatty acid supplementation (primarily EPA and DHA) can modify lipid mediator generation via the production of eicosanoids with a reduced inflammatory potential/impact. A recently identified group of lipid mediators derived from EPA including E-series resolvins are proposed to be important in the resolution of inflammation. Reduced inflammation attenuates the severity of asthma including symptoms (dyspnoea) and exerts a bronchodilatory effect. There have been no major health side effects reported with the dietary supplementation of n-3 fatty acids or their mediators; consequently supplementing with n-3 fatty acids is an attractive non-pharmacological intervention which may benefit asthma.

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“…Most of these studies enrolled a small number of asthmatic patients randomly assigned to receive a high dose of n-3 PUFA (3-4 g of EPA) for a short time-period (6-10 weeks); results were inconsistent. Studies with longer intervention periods, from 6 months to 1 yr, also led to inconsistent results with some studies showing improvement in lung function [100,101] or inflammatory markers [101][102][103], or no effect [104]. The dosage and duration of n-3 PUFA supplementation, and the type of asthmatic patients differed between studies and may explain the discrepancy between these studies [12,34].…”

Section: Inflammatory Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

Air pollution, oxidative stress and dietary supplementation: a review

Romieu

Castro-Giner²,

Künzli³

et al. 2007

Eur Respir J

225

157

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The aim of the present review was to provide an up-to-date overview of the biological and epidemiological evidence of the role of oxidative stress as a major underlying feature of the toxic effect of air pollutants, and the potential role of dietary supplementation in enhancing antioxidant defences.A bibliographic search was conducted through PubMed. The keywords used in the search were ''air pollutant'', ''oxidative stress'', ''inflammation'', ''antioxidant polyunsaturated fatty acids'' and ''genetics''. In addition, the authors also searched for biomarkers of oxidative stress and nutrients.The review presents the most recent data on: the biological and epidemiological evidence of the oxidative stress response to air pollutants; the role of dietary supplementation as a modulator of these effects; and factors of inter-individual variation in human response. The methodology for further epidemiological studies will be discussed in order to improve the current understanding on how nutritional factors may act.There is substantial evidence that air pollution exposure results in increased oxidative stress and that dietary supplementation may play a modulating role on the acute effect of air pollutants. Further epidemiological studies should address the impact of supplementation strategies in the prevention of air-pollution-related long-term effects in areas where people are destined to be exposed for the distant future.

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Effect of dietary intake of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids on severity of asthma in children

Cited by 169 publications

References 18 publications

Food and fatty acid intake and atopic disease in adults

Food and fatty acid intake and atopic disease in adults

n-3 Fatty acids and asthma

Air pollution, oxidative stress and dietary supplementation: a review

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