Effect of dietary lipid level on growth performance and feed utilization of juvenile kelp grouper Epinephelus bruneus

Abstract

A growth trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary lipid level on juvenile kelp grouper Epinephelus bruneus. Juvenile kelp grouper were fed isonitrogenous diets (470 g/kg crude protein) with four levels of crude lipid at 60 g/kg (CL60), 130 g/kg (CL130), 210 g/kg (CL210), and 270 g/kg (CL270) for 56 days. The highest growth performance and feed utilization were found in the CL130 diet group. A high dietary lipid level (CL270 diet) significantly decreased growth performance and feed utilization. A significant difference in apparent digestibility was only observed in protein, which was highest in the CL130 diet groups. The highest retention for protein, energy, and lipid was found in the CL130 diet group. The dietary lipid levels significantly changed whole-body and liver compositions, the highest being the CL60 diet group for crude protein level and the CL210 diet group for crude lipid level. Based on a second-order polynomial regression analysis of crude lipid level against specific growth rate and protein efficiency ratio, the optimum dietary lipid level for kelp grouper was estimated to be 152 and 154 g/kg diet, respectively.

Effects of dietary lipid levels on growth, nutrient utilization, and nitrogen and carbon balances in shi drum (Umbrina cirrosa L.)

“…Increasing dietary lipid levels also resulted in deterioration of N retentions and losses. These findings comply with those by Peres and Oliva-Teles (1999), Wang et al (2005), Tuan and Williams (2007), and Yoshii et al (2010) who report that feeding fish with diets including lipid above the optimum levels results in poor protein or N retentions. This is likely, once again, a result of shi drum's poor lipid utilization capability and preference to use protein as energy source.…”

“…Accordingly, in the previous study (Akpınar et al 2011), we observed that in shi drum, low dietary protein diets with low protein/energy ratio were consumed more than high-protein diets. An alternative explanation of the increase in FI, although still not clearly understood phenomenon, may be a hyperphagic response in fish to energy-rich diets as observed in European sea bass (Peres and Oliva-Teles 1999;2001), olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) (Kim et al 2010), and kelp grouper (Epinephelus bruneus) (Yoshii et al 2010). Yet, the lipid level range employed in this study was narrow, and the highest level may have been not enough to create a significant reduction in FI.…”

Dietary supplementation of xylooligosaccharides benefits the growth performance and lipid metabolism of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) fed high-fat diets

“…This was unexpected and inconsistent with the known phenomenon that feed intake in fish is regulated to meet their energy requirement (Gélineau, Corraze, Boujard, Larroquet, & Kaushik, ; Wang et al., ). An alternative explanation of the increased FI may be due to a hyperphagic response in fish to energy‐rich diets as observed in olive flounder ( Paralichthys olivaceus ) (Kim et al., ) and kelp grouper ( Epinephelus bruneus ) (Yoshii, Takakuwa, Nguyen, Masumoto, & Fukada, ). It is also possible that the high lipid level (namely 90 g/kg) used in the present study may not be high enough to create a significant reduction in FI.…”

Effects of protein levels on growth, feed utilization, body composition, amino acid composition and physiology indices of juvenile chu's croaker,Nibea coibor

“…Protein deficiency caused growth depression and loss of weight, while extra dietary protein leads to excretion of ammonia nitrogen from fish into the surrounding environment and increases feed cost. The use of high-quality formulated diets could help enhance fish production and health and, meanwhile, reduce feed cost, labour and waste output (Peres & Olivia 1999;Yoshii et al 2010). It is urgent to develop a high-quality diet formula for chu's croaker.…”

“…The use of high‐quality formulated diets could help enhance fish production and health and, meanwhile, reduce feed cost, labour and waste output (Peres & Olivia ; Yoshii et al . ). It is urgent to develop a high‐quality diet formula for chu's croaker.…”