Effect of dietary lipids on fatty acid composition and metabolism in juvenile green sea urchins (Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis)

Castell, John D.; Kennedy, E. J.; Robinson, Shawn; Parsons, G. J.; Blair, Tammy; González-Durán, Enrique

doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2003.11.003

Cited by 91 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Thus, although other invertebrate herbivores may also synthesize significant amounts of FAs, these effects may be particularly pronounced in urchins due to their specific site of lipid storage. Although a correspondence between the FA compositions of urchin gonads and their diets has been documented in other studies (Cook et al 2000, LiyanaPathirana et al 2002, Castell et al 2004, these have compared a single algal diet to various synthetic diets of markedly different compositions. Urchins convert some dietary FAs to new FA products through various biosynthetic pathways (Cook et al 2000, Castell et al 2004.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Numerous studies have used field measurements of marker FAs in invertebrate herbivores to evaluate diet (Bottino 1974, Hayashi & Takagi 1977, Takagi et al 1980 or to trace sources of primary production (Nichols et al 1986, Pond et al 1995, Kharlamenko et al 2001, Reuss & Poulsen 2002, Alfaro et al 2006. Others have studied the effects of known diets on consumer FA composition (Graeve et al 1994, Pantazis et al 2000, Castell et al 2004, Hall et al 2006. Few studies have compared the FA composition of such organisms fed known diets in the laboratory with those collected from the wild in order to infer diet of wild collected animals (Cook et al 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most lipid storage in sea urchins occurs in the gonads, and several studies have compared FA signatures of urchin gonads on kelp diets with those of urchins on a variety of artificial diets in fisheries and aquaculture applications (Cook et al 2000, LiyanaPathirana et al 2002, Castell et al 2004. While these studies have shown that FA compositions of urchins resemble those of their diets to some extent, the experimental diets were markedly different from each other and bore little resemblance to food normally encountered by urchins in the wild (i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fatty acid profiles in the gonads of the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis on natural algal diets

Kelly

Scheibling²,

Iverson³

et al. 2008

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Fatty acid profiles in the gonads of the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis on natural algal diets

Kelly

Scheibling²,

Iverson³

et al. 2008

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…The activity of 18:3n-3 to EPA pathway in P. lividus larvae was supported by the fact that ARA levels increased in larvae fed all microalgae feeds, including C. elongata and P. carterae that had essentially no ARA, suggesting active biosynthesis of ARA from 18:2n-6 and other n-6 precursors (18:3n-6/20:3n-6). The elongation and desaturation of 18:2n-6 and 18:3n-3 to ARA and EPA, respectively, was also observed in the larvae of D. excentricus (Schiopu et al, 2006), juvenile Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis (Castell et al, 2004), and to some extent in the adult sea urchin P. miliaris Pantazis et al, 2000). Although several digestive enzymes have been found in echinoderm larvae, such as peptidase (Doyle, 1956), esterase (Ryberg, 1973), and alkaline phosphatase (Evola-Maltese, 1957), there have only been indirect reports of desaturase activity in adult sea urchins (P. miliaris) to date .…”

Section: Larval Development and Fatty Acid Compositionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Many studies have shown that the absolute and relative amounts of dietary EFA have direct effects on larval development and survival of aquaculture species (Coutteau et al, 1997;Sargent et al, 1999Sargent et al, , 2002Tocher, 2003). Furthermore, each echinoderm species has specific dietary requirements and may require specific PUFA at given developmental stages (Cook et al, 2000;Castell et al, 2004). The importance of PUFA, especially linolenic acid (18:3n-3) and the long-chain PUFA (LC-PUFA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; 22:6n-3), has been demonstrated in the sand dollar Dendraster excentricus larvae where dietary provision of these fatty acids led to better survival and growth (Schiopu et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of dietary microalgae on growth, survival and fatty acid composition of sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus throughout larval development

et al. 2012

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This study investigated the growth, survival and fatty acid composition of sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus larvae fed four microalgal diets: Cricosphaera elongata, Pleurochrysis carterae, Tetraselmis suecica and Dunaliella tertiolecta (control). Larvae were successfully raised to competence for metamorphosis when fed C. elongata, P. carterae and D. tertiolecta diets but significant differences were found in survival rate and development. Larvae fed C. elongata showed 3 times higher survival and 20 % faster development than larvae fed the other two microalgae diets that supported development. In contrast, T. suecica failed to fully support development and larvae stalled at the four arms stage for more than 30 days. The urchin larvae could accumulate long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) such as docosahexaenoate (DHA; 22:6n-3), eicosapentaenoate (EPA; 20:5n-3) and arachidonate (ARA; 20:4n-6), either by assimilation and retention of dietary fatty acids, and/or synthesis from α-linolenic acid 18:3n-3 and linoleic acid 18:2n-6. Moreover, an accumulation of n-3 LC-PUFA and higher EPA/DHA and EPA/ARA ratios appeared to be associated with improved larval performance. The results indicate that live microalgae species, with appropriate fatty acid profiles are able to improve P. lividus larval performance, ultimately increasing hatchery profitability.

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Comparative morpho‐physiological aspects and transcriptomics of the gonads from wild caught and enhanced green sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis)

Sætra

Burgerhout

Johnsen

et al. 2021

Aquaculture Fish & Fisheries

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There is a growing interest in sea urchin roe enhancement around the world, but relatively little is known about the physical differences between enhanced and wild sea urchin roe and the causes of any differences. The main objective of this study was to compare various aspects of roe from wild and enhanced green sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis) using morphological and histological examinations, as well as analyses of amino and fatty acids, and gene expression profiles. Sea urchins were collected (n = 250) from a wild population and held in raceways where they were fed a commercially available formulated diet for 14 weeks (mid-August -mid-November).At consecutive time-points, samples from the wild and enhanced sea urchins were obtained. The gonad index (GI) increased significantly in the enhanced sea urchins from 6.1% to 29.65% at week 12, while no significant increase was recorded in wild sea urchins. The concentrations of the amino acids' glycine, lysine and leucine were different between the treatments, the first two being higher and the latter lower in the enhanced sea urchin roe. Wild sea urchins had 6% more unidentified fatty acid content than enhanced sea urchins. A significant progress in reproductive stages in wild sea urchins was observed; however, none in the enhanced sea urchins, suggesting gametogenesis is inhibited in captivity, or variations in feed availability. Enhanced sea urchins had relatively less reproductive cells and an overall messier and less uniform appearance mid-trial (weeks 8-10). Scanning electron microscopy images showed less structured and greater number of surface flagella in enhanced sea urchins. Transcriptomic analysis by RNA-sequencing showed a total of 255 differentially expressed genes between the wild and enhanced groups, which had functions largely involved in the biosynthesis of cholesterol and fatty acids, and ethanol degradation.

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Effect of dietary lipids on fatty acid composition and metabolism in juvenile green sea urchins (Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis)

Cited by 91 publications

References 14 publications

Fatty acid profiles in the gonads of the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis on natural algal diets

Fatty acid profiles in the gonads of the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis on natural algal diets

Effects of dietary microalgae on growth, survival and fatty acid composition of sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus throughout larval development

Comparative morpho‐physiological aspects and transcriptomics of the gonads from wild caught and enhanced green sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis)

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