Effect of dietary phytosterols on rat tissue lipids

Awad, Atif B.; Garcia, Mireya; Fink, Carol S.

doi:10.1080/01635589709514626

Cited by 28 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…In addition, the effect of SITO and campesterol on the growth and apoptosis of human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 has been investigated [23]. Although SITO and campesterol were detected in blood, SITO inhibited the growth of tumor cells, but campesterol did not [24]. These epidemiological results supported that SITO has a protective role in cancer development.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 60%

β-Sitosterol-induced-apoptosis is mediated by the activation of ERK and the downregulation of Akt in MCA-102 murine fibrosarcoma cells

Moon

Lee

Choi

et al. 2007

International Immunopharmacology

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 60%

β-Sitosterol-induced-apoptosis is mediated by the activation of ERK and the downregulation of Akt in MCA-102 murine fibrosarcoma cells

Moon

Lee

Choi

et al. 2007

International Immunopharmacology

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“…The effect of SIT and campesterol compared with cholesterol on the growth and apoptosis of MDA-MB-231, a human breast cancer cell line, has been investigated (18). SIT and campesterol were the only two PS detected in the blood (19,20). In these studies, 16 mol/L of both cholesterol and campesterol was found to be without effect on tumor growth, whereas 16 mol/L SIT inhibited the growth of the tumor by 66 -80% after 3-5 d of supplementation.…”

mentioning

confidence: 75%

“…Recently, the incorporation of SIT and campesterol into several tissues of rats was investigated (19). Rats were fed a diet containing 2% PS mixture, containing by weight, 56% SIT, 28% campesterol, 10% stigmasterol and 6% dihydrobrassicasterol, plus 0.2% cholic acid to enhance the absorption of PS, for 22 d. There was a fivefold increase in plasma PS compared with controls.…”

Section: Mechanism Of Action Of Sit On Tumor Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytosterols as Anticancer Dietary Components: Evidence and Mechanism of Action

Awad

Fink

2000

The Journal of Nutrition

512

260

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Phytosterols (PS) or plant sterols are structurally similar to cholesterol. The most common PS are ␤-sitosterol, campesterol and stigmasterol. Epidemiologic and experimental studies suggest that dietary PS may offer protection from the most common cancers in Western societies, such as colon, breast and prostate cancer. This review summarizes the findings of these studies and the possible mechanisms by which PS offer this protection. These include the effect of PS on membrane structure and function of tumor and host tissue, signal transduction pathways that regulate tumor growth and apoptosis, immune function of the host and cholesterol metabolism by the host. In addition, suggestions for future studies to fill the gaps in our knowledge have been given. J. Nutr. 130: 2127-2130, 2000. Phytosterols (plant sterols, PS)4 are the counterparts of cholesterol in animal products. They have a structure similar to that of cholesterol but with some modifications. These modifications involve the side chain and include the addition of a double bond and/or methyl or ethyl group. The most common dietary PS are ␤-sitosterol (SIT), campesterol and stigmasterol (Fig. 1). The Western diet contains 80 mg PS/d, whereas vegetarian and Japanese diets contain 345 and 400 mg/d, respectively (1). The best dietary sources of PS are unrefined plant oils, seeds, nuts and legumes (2,3). Processing of plant oils (such as refining and deodorization) reduces PS content, but the loss varies with the type of oil (3). Hydrogenation of refined oils, however, has little effect on PS content (3).The interest in studying PS was due initially to their effectiveness in reducing the absorption of dietary cholesterol and thus offering protection from cardiovascular diseases (4,5).Several review articles on this subject have appeared in the literature (6,7) and thus will not be addressed here.Anticancer Properties of Phytosterols. In recent years, a great deal of interest has been given to the role of PS in the protection from cancer. Raicht et al. (8) suggested that dietary SIT may offer protection from chemically induced colon cancer. These authors examined the growth of methylnitrosoureainduced tumor in rats fed 0.2% SIT in the diet for 28 wk. There was a 39% reduction in the number of rats that developed the tumor and a 60% reduction in the number of tumors per rat with SIT feeding.Usually, the development of colon cancer is preceded by an increase in cell proliferation in the colonic mucosa, i.e., hyperplasia. Accordingly, this condition is considered to be a risk factor for the development of colon cancer (9). Several investigators examined the effect of dietary PS on colonocyte proliferation in mice (10) and rats (11). In these studies, cell proliferation was stimulated by including cholic acid in the diet and monitored by using 3 H-thymidine or bromodeoxy uridine. Feeding a 1-2% PS mixture, which was made up of 56% SIT, 28% campesterol, 10% stigmasterol and 6% dihydrobrassicasterol by weight, for 22 d resulted in normalizing the cholic aci...

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“…In addition, the effect of SITO and campesterol on the growth and apoptosis of human breast cancer MDAMB-231 has been investigated [26]. Although SITO and campesterol were detected in blood, SITO inhibited the growth of tumor cells, but campesterol did not [27]. These epidemiological results supported that SITO has a protective role in cancer development.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Phytochemical Investigation and Molecular Profiling by p21 and NF-κB of Chorisia crispiflora Hexane Extract in Human Breast Cancer Cells in Vitro

Azab

2013

BJPR

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This work was carried out in collaboration between all authors. Author SSA performed cytotoxix activity, sample preparation (tissue culture + DNA preparation), statistical analysis and figure presentations. Author AMA performed DNA fragmentation, detection of nuclear factor kappa B levels, detection of p21 levels. Author OAE performed phytochemical investigation and interpretation of compounds. All authors write, read and approved the final manuscript.

show abstract

Effect of dietary phytosterols on rat tissue lipids

Cited by 28 publications

References 15 publications

β-Sitosterol-induced-apoptosis is mediated by the activation of ERK and the downregulation of Akt in MCA-102 murine fibrosarcoma cells

β-Sitosterol-induced-apoptosis is mediated by the activation of ERK and the downregulation of Akt in MCA-102 murine fibrosarcoma cells

Phytosterols as Anticancer Dietary Components: Evidence and Mechanism of Action

Phytochemical Investigation and Molecular Profiling by p21 and NF-κB of Chorisia crispiflora Hexane Extract in Human Breast Cancer Cells in Vitro

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