Effect of dietary polymer-coated urea and sodium bentonite on digestibility, rumen fermentation, and microbial protein yield in sheep fed high levels of corn stalk

Chegeni, Asma; Li, Y.L.; Deng, Kun; Jiang, Chenggang; Diao, Qiyu

doi:10.1016/j.livsci.2013.07.001

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…In this study, there was no effect of supplementing SRU or urea in high-forage diets on the pH of the fermentation vessels. This is in agreement with previous observations reported when urea or SRU was supplemented in high-fibre diets similar to the high-forage diets incubated herein [17,43]. However, supplementing medium and high dosage (i.e., 3.22 mg N and 5.35 mg N) of SRU and urea in high-grain diets lowered the pH of the fermentation vessels.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Slow-Release Urea as a Sustainable Alternative to Soybean Meal in Ruminant Nutrition

Salami¹,

Devant

Apajalahti

et al. 2021

Sustainability

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Three experiments were conducted to evaluate the feasibility of using a commercial slow-release urea product (SRU; Optigen®, Alltech Inc., Nicholasville, KY, USA) as a partial replacement for vegetable protein sources in cattle diets. The first experiment was an in vitro rumen fermentation that evaluated the effect of replacing soybean meal (SBM) nitrogen with nitrogen from either SRU or free urea in diets varying in forage:concentrate ratios. The second experiment examined the effect of replacing SBM with SRU on in situ dry matter and nitrogen degradability in the rumen. In the third experiment, a feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of replacing SBM (0% as-fed SRU) with 1% or 3% as-fed SRU on feed carbon footprint (CFP; total greenhouse gas emissions associated with the life cycle of feed raw materials) and the toxicity potential of SRU in growing beef cattle. Results showed that replacing SBM with SRU up to 1.3% did not negatively affect in vitro rumen fermentation parameters. Supplementing SRU favourably decreased ruminal accumulation of ammonia and lactic acid when compared to free urea. There was no significant effect on effective rumen degradability of dry matter and nitrogen when one-third of SBM was replaced by SRU in the in situ study. Compared with the 0% SRU diet, feed CFP decreased by 18% and 54% in 1% SRU and 3% SRU diets, respectively. Additionally, feeding up to 3% SRU diet to beef cattle did not affect health and intake, and blood hematological and biochemical indices were within the physiological range for healthy bulls, suggesting no indication of ammonia toxicity. Overall, these results indicate that SRU can be used as a sustainable alternative to partially replace vegetable protein sources in ruminant diets without compromising rumen function and health of ruminants.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Slow-Release Urea as a Sustainable Alternative to Soybean Meal in Ruminant Nutrition

Salami¹,

Devant

Apajalahti

et al. 2021

Sustainability

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“…For all the cases of the in vitro assay, the ammonia-N concentrations were necessary for the maximum microbial protein synthesis per unit of the fermented substrate (Mehrez and Orskov 1977) and in the normal range (8.8 to 56.1 mmol/100 ml) as reported in the literature (Rogers et al 1986;Chegeni et al 2013). Compared with the U, the SRU product reduces the ruminal rate of the N release while ensuring that the entire N is completely available within the rumen (Sinclair et al 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Slow-release urea (SRU) products to reduce the rate of ammonia release from U are currently available. Substantial research has been developed to evaluate the effects of these SRU products (Chegeni et al 2013;Benedeti et al 2014;Giallongo et al 2015;Gardinal et al 2017;Corte et al 2018) in cattle. Previous studies found that although SRU released more N than soybean meal (SBM), which induced a higher ammonia N concentration in the rumen, SRU can replace SBM in diets without affecting the growth performance of beef steers or milk production of dairy cattle (Pinos-Rodriguez et al 2010a;Pinos-Rodriguez et al 2010b).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ruminal fermentation and digestion of cattle diets with total and partial replacement of soybean meal by a slow-release urea product

Muñoz¹,

Sánchez²,

López-Aguirre³

et al. 2019

Vet. Med.

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One in vitro assay and one in vivo trial with ruminally cannulated Holstein steers were conducted to evaluate the effects of a dietary substitution of soybean meal by a urea and slow-release urea source of fermentation and degradation of diets for cattle. The experimental diets consisted of the total mixed rations defined as the control with soybean meal (SBM), U (urea), SRU (slow-release urea), and SRU+U+AA (0.42% + 0.42% + 1% amino acids methionine and lysine). The dietary substitution of SBM by U or SRU reduced (P < 0.05) the total gas production (V), microbial mass and degradation at 72 h incubation under the in vitro conditions, as well as the degradation rate (c) and the total volatile fatty acids (VFA) in the rumen of the steers; however, when the dietary substitution of SBM was by U+SRU+AA, those values did not decrease. In the steers, the dietary substitution of SBM by U and SRU reduced the ruminal degradation rate and the total VFA, and increased the ammonia N, but when SBM was substituted by U+SRU+AA in the diets, these changes were not observed. No advantage of SRU over U was found. The dietary substitution of SBM by U, SRU, U+SRU+AA did not modify the molar proportion of the VFA in the rumen nor were there changes in the nutrient digestion or excretion. Both the in vitro assay and the in vivo trial indicated that replacing SBM with U or SRU increases the ruminal ammonia N concentrations and reduces the degradation rate in the rumen, although those undesirable findings were not found when the SBM was replaced by U+SRU+AA. Therefore, it is feasible to replace the SBM with a combination of urea, slow-release urea, lysine and methionine in the diet for the ruminants.

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“…The major limitation of using wheat straw as a feed for ruminants low rumen degradability and low energy value (Demeyer et al, 1988;Chegeni et al, 2013) due to its high lignin content (Zadrazil and Uniya, 1995). Because, cellulose and hemicellulose are hardly degraded by the rumen microorganisms (Okano et al, 2005;Turgut, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Siyah Alacalarda Beyaz Çürükçül Funguslar Kullanılarak Buğday Samanın İn-Situ Parçalanabilirliğinin Belirlenmesi

Yüksel¹,

Kaya

2022

Osmaniye Korkut Ata Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi

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The Phanerochaete chrysosporium (PC) and Pleurotus eryngii (PE) were observed for their potential to increase the in situ dry matter (DM) and crude protein (CP) degradability of wheat straw. The wheat straw samples were inoculated with the PC and PE fungi (10% weight/volum) and incubated under solid state fermentation conditions at 30 • C for 30 days to determine their in-situ degradability and chemical composition. In situ ruminal degradability was determined by using four ruminal cannulated Holstein bulls (approximately 400 kg BW) fed on a diet a concentrate-to-roughage ratio of 45:55 (dry matter (DM) basis). The samples were incubated in nylon bags for 0, 4, 8, 16, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h in the rumen. The results showed that increased in situ ruminal degradation of DM and CP in PC and PE groups in comparison to the control group (P < 0.01). The wheat straw incubated with PC had the greatest in situ DM degradability after incubation for 24 h (P < 0.01). The inoculation of PC and PE increased in situ ruminal crude protein (CP) degradation (P < 0.01) in comparison to the other treatments. As a result, the fungal inoculants and urea treatment increased the degradability of DM and CP in wheat straw.

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Effect of dietary polymer-coated urea and sodium bentonite on digestibility, rumen fermentation, and microbial protein yield in sheep fed high levels of corn stalk

Cited by 10 publications

References 40 publications

Slow-Release Urea as a Sustainable Alternative to Soybean Meal in Ruminant Nutrition

Slow-Release Urea as a Sustainable Alternative to Soybean Meal in Ruminant Nutrition

Ruminal fermentation and digestion of cattle diets with total and partial replacement of soybean meal by a slow-release urea product

Siyah Alacalarda Beyaz Çürükçül Funguslar Kullanılarak Buğday Samanın İn-Situ Parçalanabilirliğinin Belirlenmesi

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