Effect of dietary protein level, amino acid balance and feeding level on growth, 
gastrointestinal tract, and mucosal structure of the small intestine in broiler chickens

Swatson, H. K.; Gous, R. M.; Iji, Paul; Zarrinkalam, Reza

doi:10.1051/animres:2002038

Cited by 60 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Combining the relative growth variation as shown in Table 3 with some consequences on other performance, in relation to differences in age at termination, the different growth responses were due to differences in voluntary feed intake (Baker, 2004). In low dietary protein, feed intake was affected by amino acid balance (Swatson et al, 2002) and unbalanced amino acid pattern in low protein diet stimulates gluconeogenesis pathway and as a consequence, fat was deposit as a result of extra calorie (Baker, 2004;Sadeghi and Tabiedian, 2005). Significant interaction strain and diet were observed of growth rate during the grower phase (Table 4), indicating the sensitiveness of growth rate due to changes in dietary crude protein : energy ratios and due to the genotype.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Genotype on Response in Body Composition to Variation in Dietary Protein : Energy Ratios

Indarsih

Pym

2010

J. Indonesian Trop. Anim. Agric.

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An experiment with 480 day-old chicks of four commercial strains was conducted to study the effect of genotype on response in body composition to variation in dietary protein: energy ratios. The chicks were randomly allocated into 4x2x4 factorial and fed on a commercial starter diet (250 g CP and 12.5 MJ of ME /kg) from hatching to 5 d of age and divided into two groups with three replications each of 16 birds and given either the such starter diet (S) or a finisher diet (F) containing 190 g CP and 13.0 MJ of ME /kg. The birds were reared in strain-and sex-intermingled groups in brooders and follow-

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Genotype on Response in Body Composition to Variation in Dietary Protein : Energy Ratios

Indarsih

Pym

2010

J. Indonesian Trop. Anim. Agric.

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“…In the literature, evidence has suggested that increasing diet density by fat addition enhances the growth performance of broilers exposed to HS (Attia et al 2006(Attia et al , 2011Attia and Hassan 2017), and enhances the performance index and FCR compared to the control group (Swatson et al 2002). In contrast, the effect of ME on broiler performance exposed to HS is inconclusive, as findings have included an elevation (Keshavarz and Fuller 1980), a decline (Yamazaki and Zi-Yi 1982;Souza et al 2016;Attia and Hassan 2017), and no influence (Geraert et al 1992;Faria Filho et al 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Productive, physiological and immunological responses of two broiler strains fed different dietary regimens and exposed to heat stress

Attia

Al‐Harthi

El-Naggar

2017

Italian Journal of Animal Science

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The impact of dietary regimens on productive traits, meat quality, physiological adoption, immunological response and digestibility of nutrients was studied using Ross-308 and Cobb-500 strains. Chickens were reared under normal brooding conditions during most of the experimental period, but exposed to heat stress [(HS) of age, the SPD group was fed 20% CP with 13.42 MJ/kg, the HPD group was fed 22% CP with 13.42 MJ/kg, and the HPMED group was fed 22% CP with 14.06 MJ/kg. Each group within each strain was replicated six times with five chicken males each. For the whole experimental period, Ross and Cobb chickens fed the HPMED showed higher BWG than chickens on the HPD. Broilers fed the HPMED had improved FCR compared to those on the SPD, independent of broiler strain. Further, independent of broiler strain, the HPMED regimen increased the dry matter, protein, and lipid contents of meat compared to the other regimens, and decreased cloacal temperature, respiration rate and Heterophile/lymphocyte (H/L ratio) compared to the HPD regimen. Growth and feed utilisation, percentage thymus, protein in meat were improved of Ross compared to Cobb, but abdominal fat, meat lipid and pH were decreased. On the other hand, Cobb on HPD had lower cloacal temperature and respiration rate than Ross strain, suggesting that production, physiology and immunological response of broiler chickens depend on feeding regimen that should be specific for each strain. ARTICLE HISTORY

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“…Protease was found to be associated with increased growth efficiency in the gut and reduced systemic inflammation as demonstrated by improved crypt villus ratio. Swatson et al (2002) found that excess dietary protein, differing in amino acid balance and with a range of protein contents at the same energy content of 13MJAME·kgbetween 10 and 24 days of age in chicks resulted in a highly significant increase in crypt depth for those on the balanced diets than for those on the unbalanced diets. Villus height was significantly reduced in the chicks on the unbalanced diets.…”

Section: Histomorphological Findingmentioning

confidence: 97%

Effects of a Monocomponent Protease on Performance Parameters and Protein Digestibility in Broiler Chickens

Kamel

Naela

et al. 2015

Agriculture and Agricultural Science Procedia

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The impact of dietary fortification of an exogenous mono component protease enzyme with or without its matrix values (ME 31.5 Kcal, CP 0.84%, methionine 0.018%, lysine 0.05%, threonine 0.034%) on growth performance traits, feed digestibility, serum parameters, selected immune parameters, total counts of ileal clostridia species, carcass traits as well as duodenal histomorphological picture was studied. A total of 300-day old chicks (Cobb500) were randomly assigned to five separate floor pens equal experimental groups with three replicates (20 birds /replicate). Birds were fed either on corn-soybean meal basal diets (starter-grower and finisher) without any supplementation (G1) and served as control group, or basal diets to which protease enzyme was added on top at a rate of 200 ppm (G2). Birds in (G3) were fed on the basal diets to which protease was added at the same inclusion level but subtracting the whole matrix value of the enzyme. Birds in (G4) were fed on the fortified basal diets after subtracting only the metabolizable energy matrix value of the enzyme. Birds in (G5) were reared on the fortified basal diets after subtracting only the crude protein as well as amino acids matrix value of the enzyme. The experimental period extended for five weeks. Birds in groups 2 and 4 significantly ( P 0.05) surpassed all groups in weight gain, feed consumption and FCR, also these groups were significantly ( P 0.05) better in dressing %. Also G2 (protease on the top) and G4 (Low ME values) showed a significant elevation of CP digestibility and showed a significant (P 0.05) reduction of total ileal clostridia species counts. In addition G2 showed an increase in villus height and villus to crypt ratios compared to other experimental groups. In conclusion, broiler chickens respond positively to supplementation of protease enzyme and it can be used safely on the top of their diets.

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Effect of dietary protein level, amino acid balance and feeding level on growth, gastrointestinal tract, and mucosal structure of the small intestine in broiler chickens

Cited by 60 publications

References 37 publications

The Effect of Genotype on Response in Body Composition to Variation in Dietary Protein : Energy Ratios

The Effect of Genotype on Response in Body Composition to Variation in Dietary Protein : Energy Ratios

Productive, physiological and immunological responses of two broiler strains fed different dietary regimens and exposed to heat stress

Effects of a Monocomponent Protease on Performance Parameters and Protein Digestibility in Broiler Chickens

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