Effect of dietary resveratrol on placental function and reproductive performance of late pregnancy sows

Abstract

Placental function is vital to the fetal growth of sows, and resveratrol (RES) can protect cells against oxidative stress, which is one of the major factors impairing placental function. This study aimed to investigate the effect of dietary resveratrol (RES) on placental function and reproductive performance during late pregnancy in a sow model from the aspects of oxidative stress, insulin resistance, and gut microbiota. A total of 26 hybrid pregnant sows (Landrace × Yorkshire) with similar parity were randomly allocated into two groups (n = 13) and fed with a basal diet or a diet containing 200 mg/kg of resveratrol from day 85 of gestation until parturition. The dietary supplementation of RES increased the litter weight at parturition by 12.53% (p = 0.145), with ameliorated insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), increased triglyceride (TG) levels, and decreased interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 levels in serum (p < 0.05). Moreover, resveratrol increased the placental vascular density (p < 0.05) with the enhanced expression of nutrient transporter genes (SLC2A1 and SLC2A3) and antioxidant genes, such as superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) but declined the expression of inflammatory genes, such as IL-1β and IL-6 (p < 0.05). The characterization of the fecal microbiota revealed that resveratrol decreased the relative abundance of the Christensensllaceae R-7 group and Ruminococcaceae UCG-008 (p < 0.05), which had a positive linear correlation with the expression of IL-1β and IL-6 (p < 0.05), but had a negative linear correlation with the expression of SOD2, HO-1, SLC2A1, and SCL2A3 genes (p < 0.05). These data demonstrated that dietary supplementation with resveratrol can improve placental function with ameliorated insulin resistance, oxidative stress, and inflammation potentially by regulating Ruminococcaceae UCG-008 and the Christensensllaceae R-7 group in sows.

Enhanced Antioxidative Capacity Transfer between Sow and Fetus via the Gut–Placenta Axis with Dietary Selenium Yeast and Glycerol Monolaurate Supplementation during Pregnancy

“…We found that adding SeY and GML to the diet increased the beneficial bacteria (Christensenellaceae_R-7_group, Clostridium_sensus_stricto_1, Bacteroidota) abundance and decreacsed the F/B ratio. Christensenellaceae_R-7_group is associated with enhancing intestinal barrier integrity and reducing oxidative stress in the body [33,34]. Clostrid-ium_sensus_stricto_1 has been reported to promote the health of the intestinal barrier by producing short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), maintain the integrity of the intestinal barrier, and help reduce the entry and penetration of LPS [35,36].…”

The role of uterus mitochondrial function in high-fat diet-related adverse pregnancy outcomes and protection by resveratrol

“…13 Furthermore, studies have shown that resveratrol may reduce fat deposition and improve energy metabolism by upregulating AMPK expression. [14][15][16][17] Moreover, resveratrol has the potential to alleviate maternal oxidative stress in late pregnancy in sows, 18 promote fetal growth in murine models with reduced blood supply to the uterus, 19 and alleviate gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in model mice. 20 These findings suggest that resveratrol may alleviate adverse pregnancy outcomes by regulating maternal metabolism.…”

Probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG improves insulin sensitivity and offspring survival via modulation of gut microbiota and serum metabolite in a sow model

“…Several strategies have been used to address insulin resistance in late-pregnancy and lactation phases in sows. For instance, supplementing diets with soluble fiber or resveratrol has shown promise in alleviating periparturient insulin resistance by modulating the gut microbiota [ 9 , 10 ]. However, the conclusions from these studies are inconsistent.…”