Effect of Dietary Soybean Meal on the Microscopic Anatomy of the Small Intestine in the Early-Weaned Pig

Dunsford, B. R.; Knabe, D. A.; Haensly, W. E.

doi:10.2527/jas1989.6771855x

Cited by 131 publications

(97 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Similarly, villous height was markedly decreased. In agreement with the previous reports of Cera et al [5], Dunsford et al [9] and Tarvid et al [45], these results suggest that SI morphology is at least partly dependent on age and/or on the level of milk intake which decreased during this period (Fig. 1A).Weaning resulted in more dramatic changes in mucosa morphometry, because on d 3 post-weaning, villous height was on average, reduced to 59% of the initial value found at weaning.…”

Section: Trialsupporting

confidence: 83%

Small intestine growth and morphometry in piglets weaned at 7 days of age. Effects of level of energy intake

et al. 2002

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-Two trials involving a total of 56 pigs were conducted to examine the effects of weaning at 7 d of age (trial 1) and of energy intake level and length of post-weaning underfeeding period (trial 2) on small intestinal (SI) development and morphometry. At 3 d after weaning, weight of the SI and mucosa (g/kg body weight) and villous height along SI were reduced by 20, 36 and 41%, respectively, compared to the day of weaning. Intestinal morphometrical changes are dependent on SI site and days post-weaning. Villous atrophy on d 3 and recovery on d 14 post-weaning were greater and occurred earlier in the proximal than in the medial and distal SI. Villous height was dependent on the level of energy intake which explains 56% of the variations in proximal SI villous height in weaned pigs and 73% when data of the sow-reared pigs were included in the analysis. Moreover, after 4 d of refeeding, underfed piglets showed similar villous characteristics to piglets fed a continuously high feeding level after weaning stressing that capacities of intestinal restoration were not affected by the length of the post-weaning underfeeding period. Overall, the present results suggest a spatial and temporal effect of weaning on villous atrophy and recovery, and that the level of energy intake is a major factor accounting for the post-weaning villous height.weaning / level of food intake / small intestine / morphometry / piglet Reprod. Nutr. Dev. 42 (2002) [339][340][341][342][343][344][345][346][347][348][349][350][351][352][353][354] 339

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Section: Trialsupporting

confidence: 83%

Small intestine growth and morphometry in piglets weaned at 7 days of age. Effects of level of energy intake

et al. 2002

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“…Conflicting data are reported in rabbits [7,33], and in piglets [31,32,[34][35][36][37]. Samplings along the small intestine, the analyses procedures and calculations were not homogenous among the studies, which could partly explain these discrepancies.…”

Section: Development Of Small Intestinal Villi and Cryptsmentioning

confidence: 72%

An early stimulation of solid feed intake slightly influences the morphological gut maturation in the rabbit

Gallois¹,

Gidenne²,

Fortun-Lamothe³

et al. 2005

Reprod. Nutr. Dev.

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-The impact of dietary factors on the gut morphological maturation is poorly documented in rabbits. The weights of the digestive segments as well as the morphology of villi and crypts along the small intestine were analysed weekly from day 14 till day 49, in two rabbit groups weaned at either 21 (W21 group, n = 12 litters) or 35 days (W35 group, n = 12 litters) of age. From 21 till 35 days, the W21 group ate 57% more solid feed than the W35 group (P < 0.01), and presented slighter body weights from day 28 till day 49 (-9%, P < 0.05). Tissue weights of the empty digestive segments, as expressed relative to the body weights, were higher in the W21 than in the W35 group from day 28 till day 49 (P < 0.001), whereas absolute tissue weights appeared similar (except for the proximal colon). From day 28 to day 49, small intestinal villi grew in height and surface area (P < 0.05) whereas the crypts deepened. Villous height followed a proximo-distal decreasing gradient from the duodenum to the ileum (P < 0.05) from day 28 onward. The villous height to width ratio changed with the beginning of significant solid feed intake: from a thin shape until day 21, villi became wider from day 28 on. The effect of weaning age on mucosal morphology was insignificant, except for the jejunal crypts whose surface area and depth were higher in the W21 group. The present results showed that morphological changes in the digestive tract of young rabbits were weakly influenced by an early stimulation of solid feed intake. gut maturation / rabbit / weaning / intestinal morphology / digestive mucosa

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“…(1990 observaram que as mudanças morfológicas no intestino são decorrentes, principalmente, do processo estressante do desmame e da exposição do órgão às dietas. A intensidade das alterações estaria mais associada à qualidade dos alimentos utilizados na formulação das dietas (Dunsford et al, 1989;Li et al, 1990).…”

Section: áCido Benzoicounclassified

Uso de ácido benzoico na dieta de leitões

Gheler¹,

Araujo²,

Silva³

et al. 2009

R. Bras. Zootec.

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RESUMO -Um experimento foi conduzido com o objetivo de avaliar os efeitos da inclusão de ácido benzoico (Vevovitall ® ) na dieta sobre o desempenho e a morfologia intestinal do duodeno de leitões de 28 a 70 dias de idade. Foram utilizados 160 leitões Dalland × Penarlan desmamados aos 21 dias de idade, separados por sexo. O experimento foi dividido em fases pré-inicial 1 (28 a 35 dias de idade), pré-inicial 2 (36 a 46 dias de idade) e fase inicial (47 a 70 dias idade). Utilizou-se o delineamento experimental tipo blocos ao acaso com 5 tratamentos, cada um com 8 repetições de 4 animais, totalizando 40 unidades experimentais. Foram utilizados quatro níveis de ácido benzoico (0; 0,25; 0,50 e 0,75%) e um tratamento testemunha com ácido fumárico. Abateram-se, aos 70 dias de idade, dois animais por repetição para coleta de amostras do duodeno e estudo da morfologia intestinal e um animal por repetição para estudo de lesões gástricas. Foram avaliadas as características de desempenho (ganho de peso, consumo de ração e conversão alimentar) para cada fase e para o período total. Como características morfológicas, foram avaliadas a altura das vilosidades, a profundidade de criptas e a relação altura de vilosidades/profundidade de criptas. Avaliou-se ainda a incidência de diarreia. No período de 28 a 70 dias, o uso de ácido benzoico influencia o desempenho de suínos, que neste estudo foi melhor os níveis de 0,50 e 0,75%, e reduz a incidência de diarreia. Animais alimentados com dietas contendo ácido benzoico apresentam maior altura de vilosidade e profundidade de criptas. Palavras-chave: ácidos orgânicos, desmame, morfologia intestinal, suínos Use of benzoic acid for pigletsABSTRACT -An experiment was conducted with the objective of evaluating the effects of different levels of benzoic acid (Vevovitall) on the performance and intestinal morphology of the duodenum in piglets from 28 to 70 days of age. One hundred and sixty Dalland × Penarlan piglets weaned at 21 day old, separated by sex, were used. The experiment was divided into pre-initial 1 (28 to 35 days), pre-initial 2 (36 to 46 days) and initial (47 to 70 days) phases. A randomized complete block design was used with 5 treatments and 8 replications, totaling 40 experimental units. Four levels of benzoic acid (0, 0.25, 0.50 and 0.75%) were used and a control with acid fumaric in the diets. Two animals were slaughtered per replication at 70 days of age to collect duodenum samples to study the intestinal morphology and one animal per replication to study gastric lesions. The following characteristics were assessed: performance (weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion) for each phase and the entire period. The following were assessed as morphological characteristics the villous height, duodenum crypts depth and the villous height/duodenum crypt depth ratio. Diarrhea incidence was also evaluated. The use of benzoic acid improved performance and reduced diarrhea incidence of piglets from 28 to 70 days of age, with the best results obtained by using 0.50 and 0.75%. Anima...

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Effect of Dietary Soybean Meal on the Microscopic Anatomy of the Small Intestine in the Early-Weaned Pig

Cited by 131 publications

References 11 publications

Small intestine growth and morphometry in piglets weaned at 7 days of age. Effects of level of energy intake

Small intestine growth and morphometry in piglets weaned at 7 days of age. Effects of level of energy intake

An early stimulation of solid feed intake slightly influences the morphological gut maturation in the rabbit

Uso de ácido benzoico na dieta de leitões

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