Effect of dietary tryptophan on muscle, liver and whole-body protein synthesis in weaned piglets: relationship to plasma insulin

Cortamira, N. O.; Sève, Bernard; Lebreton, Yves; Ganier, Patrice

doi:10.1079/bjn19910045

Cited by 67 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Protein synthesis rate after weaning is increased in the intestine while decreased in the muscle [71] and intestinal protein synthesis is little influenced by protein or tryptophan deficiency [15,67]. This protection of the gut from protein deficiency has been confirmed in piglets fed high energy levels [21].…”

Section: Weaning and Protein And Amino Acid Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 54%

Gut function and dysfunction in young pigs: physiology

et al. 2004

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-The post-weaning period in pigs is characterized by an immediate but transient drop in feed intake resulting in severe undernutrition and growth check. This in turn affects various aspects of small intestinal architecture and function leading to gut-associated disorders and often diarrhea. Among these, villus atrophy and digestive enzyme activity depression have been documented. More recent investigations clearly demonstrate early signs of local inflammation including immune cell infiltration and increased pro-inflammatory cytokine gene expression, signs of cytoprotection through up-regulation of so-called heat shock proteins, indications of tissue alterations by proteases (stromelysin) and finally epithelial functional disorders in mineral absorption/secretion and permeability. This is followed by a regenerative phase, probably stimulated by feed intake resumption, resulting in down-regulation of many intestinal indicators. However, some of them then display new spatio-temporal adult-type adaptive patterns of maturation. A limited number of substances, particularly nitrogenous compounds and complex preparations of animal origin (colostrum, plasma) have proven to be successful, at least partly, in minimizing post-weaning intestinal disturbances. Thus further research in intestinal physiology, in association with microbiology and immunology, is warranted to strengthen our understanding of the mechanisms of gut disorders in order to provide a better rational basis for designing suitable alternatives to in-feed antibiotics for pigs. clairement montré des signes précoces d'inflammation incluant une infiltration cellulaire et l'expression accrue des gènes de plusieurs cytokines inflammatoires, une cytoprotection renforcée par la sur-expression des protéines du choc thermique, des indications d'altérations tissulaires par des protéases (stromélysines), et finalement des désordres fonctionnels épithéliaux d'absorption et de sécrétion minérales et de la perméabilité intestinale. Ceci est suivi par une phase de régénération intestinale, probablement stimulée par la reprise de consommation alimentaire, et conduisant à un retour à la normale de plusieurs indicateurs. Cependant, certains d'entre eux ont évolué vers des profils spatio-temporels adaptatifs de type adulte. Un nombre limité de substances, particulièrement des composés azotés et des produits animaux (colostrum, plasma) ont démontré leur capacité, au moins partielle, à minimiser les perturbations digestives post-sevrage. De nouvelles recherches en physiologie digestive, en association avec la microbiologie et l'immunologie, sont nécessaires pour renforcer notre compréhension des mécanismes des troubles digestifs. Ceci permettra de fournir des bases plus rationnelles pour développer des solutions alternatives satisfaisantes aux antibiotiques dans les aliments pour porcelets.intestin / nutrition / physiopathologie / porcelet / sevrage

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Section: Weaning and Protein And Amino Acid Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 54%

Gut function and dysfunction in young pigs: physiology

et al. 2004

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“…The improvement in weight gain in the present experiment was partly driven by increased feed intake because feed intake was increased by 33% to 56% with increase in dietary trp from peanut meal or crystalline trp. Only a portion of the growth improvement could be accounted for by feed intake differences and this has also been observed by Cortamira et al (1991). The putative neurotransmitter metabolite of trp, serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine), is produced and is active in the digestive tract (Orsmbee and Fondacaro, 1985), the circulatory system (Folk and Long, 1988) and nervous tissues (Schaechter and Wurtman, 1990).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioavailability of threonine and tryptophan in peanut meal for starter pigs using slope-ratio assay

Adeola

2009

Animal

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The objective of the two studies was to determine the bioavailability of threonine (thr) and tryptophan (trp) in peanut meal, relative to L-thr and L-trp, for starter pigs using the slope-ratio bioassay. Basal diets (BDs) contained surfeit amounts of all amino acids for 10 to 20 kg pigs, except for thr (Experiment 1) or trp (Experiment 2). In the first study, four reference diets were formulated by supplementing the BD with 0, 0.4, 0.8 or 1.2 g of L-thr/kg at the expense of cornstarch; two test diets were formulated by replacing cornstarch in the BD with peanut meal at 32 or 64 g/kg of diet to supply 0.4 or 0.8 g thr/kg, respectively. Four reference diets consisting of the BD supplemented with 0, 0.15, 0.3 or 0.45 g of L-trp/kg at the expense of cornstarch and two test diets in which cornstarch in the BD was replaced with peanut meal at 30 or 60 g/kg of diet to supply 0.14 or 0.28 g trp/kg, respectively were used in the second study. Body weight gain responded in a linear way to supplemental L-thr or thr from peanut meal ( P , 0.001). There was a linear response ( P , 0.001) to thr supplementation from L-thr or peanut meal in gain-to-feed ratio. The addition of trp to the BD linearly increased ( P , 0.05) body weight gain, feed intake and gainto-feed ratio regardless of the trp source. Common-intercept, multiple linear regression in slope-ratio methodology using weight gain or gain-to-feed ratio as dependent variables and supplemental thr intake as independent variable gave relative bioavailability estimates of 71.9% or 75.7%, respectively. Corresponding values for trp were 92% and 75.7%. The fiducial limits for none of the relative bioavailability estimates included 100%. The data from these studies suggest that the bioavailabilities of thr and trp in peanut meal are less than those of L-thr and L-trp, and that the bioavailabilities of thr and trp in peanut meal are 72% to 76% and 76% to 92%, respectively.

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“…It is one of the candidates as the incretin factor of the entero- (Cortamira, Seve, Lebreton, and Ganier, 1991). Means followed by different letters differ significantly at P < 0.05.…”

Section: Physiological Roles Of Tryptophan Possibly Related To Insulinmentioning

confidence: 92%

Physiological Roles of Tryptophan in Pig Nutrition

Sève¹

1999

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology

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Tryptophan (TRP) is shown to play original roles in the physiology of pigs. Dietary TRP deficiency induces depression of the appetite leading to reduced growth performance. Brain hydroxy-indoles, including the neurotransmitter serotonin, are closely related to dietary TRP supply. Excess protein, namely large neutral amino acids (LNAA) enhanced the appetite depression, providing some support to a role for plasma TRP:LNAA in the regulation of protein intake through serotonin. Other implications of TRP, as a precursor for serotonin, in the susceptibility of pigs to stress and in their consequences on meat quality were reported. Furthermore, we concluded to a role for TRP in the insulin response to the meal and in tissue sensitivity to insulin. Implications in pig feeding practice are briefly reviewed.

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Effect of dietary tryptophan on muscle, liver and whole-body protein synthesis in weaned piglets: relationship to plasma insulin

Cited by 67 publications

References 31 publications

Gut function and dysfunction in young pigs: physiology

Gut function and dysfunction in young pigs: physiology

Bioavailability of threonine and tryptophan in peanut meal for starter pigs using slope-ratio assay

Physiological Roles of Tryptophan in Pig Nutrition

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