Effect of dietary ω3 and ω6 fatty acids on growth and feed conversion efficiency of coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch)

Yu, T. C.; Sinnhuber, R. O.

doi:10.1016/0044-8486(79)90169-8

Cited by 90 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Poor WG and high FCR related to excess addition of LNA were also reported in other studies (Merican and Shim, 1997;Glencross et al, 2002;Smith et al, 2004). The interaction between dietary n−3 and n−6 FAs had considerable impact on the growth performance in yellow catfish, which supported the importance of the n−3 and n−6 FA balance in the diet (Yu and Sinnhuber, 1979;Xu et al, 1993Xu et al, , 1994Glencross et al, 2002). Such importance has been attributed to the effect of the FA balance on endogenous FA elongation and desaturation, in particular on competitive inhibition by LNA on LA for the Δ6 and Δ5 desaturase enzyme systems (Henderson and Tocher, 1987;Garg et al, 1988).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Effect of dietary linolenic acid/linoleic acid ratio on growth performance, hepatic fatty acid profiles and intermediary metabolism of juvenile yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco

et al. 2009

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Effect of dietary linolenic acid/linoleic acid ratio on growth performance, hepatic fatty acid profiles and intermediary metabolism of juvenile yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco

et al. 2009

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“…Similar mechanisms have been recorded in mammals in which 18:3 (n-3) is the preferred substrate both for elongation and desaturation (Budowski 1981 ). Similar alterations of the (n-3)/(n-6) ratio in favour of 0>3) PUFA has been noted in whole-body phospholipids of coho salmon (Yu and Sinnhuber 1979) and rainbow trout (Yu and Sinnhuber 1976). Eel on the other hand has a clear preference for the incorporation of (n-6) PUFA into tissue phospholipids when given (n-3) PUFA in a 1/1 ratio (Takeuchi et al 1980), while carp (Takeuchi and Watanabe 1977c) and O. nilofica (Takeuchi et af.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

“…1974a,b;Castell el al. 1972a), coho salmon (OtTcorhynchus kisutch) (Yu and Sinnhuber 1979) and chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) (Takeuchi et al 1979). In all three species a requirement for (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) seems to be prevalent.…”

Section: Inlroduclionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Lipids of arctic charr,Salvelinus alpinus (L.) I. Dietary induced changes in lipid class and fatty acid composition

Olsen

Henderson

Ringø

1991

Fish Physiol Biochem

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Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus L.) were fed either a commercial diet or six experimental test diets containing coconut oil and different polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) at a level of 1% by dry weight. Best growth rates were observed with the commercial diet, worst with diet containing coconut oil with no PUFA. An increase in hepatic lipid, hepatic sterol esters and muscular moisture content, and a decrease in muscular lipid was generally found in fish fed the test diets compared to those maintained on the commercial diet.Phosphatidylcholine was the dominant polar lipid (PL) class in all tissues examined. Extensive modification of dietary saturated fatty acids into 18:1 (n-9) was observed in tissue triacylglycerols (TAG) of fish fed test diets. No changes occurred with the commercial diet.Dietary PUFA were essentially incorporated unchanged into tissue TAG of all fish in the present study. PUFA composition of hepatic phospholipids was significantly influenced by that contained in the diets. However both 18:2 (n-6) and 18:3 (n-3) in the test diets were extensively elongated and desaturated prior to incorporation into PL. The (n-9) PUFA content was always higher in liver of fish fed the test diets. When 18:2 (n-6) and 18:3 (n-3) were supplied together, the level of (n-3) PUFA exceeded those of (n-6) PUFA. Muscle PL were less influenced by diet than liver. In muscle (n-3) PUFA were always the predominant PUFA irrespective of diet. Only low amounts of (n-9) PUFA were found. It is suggested that (n-3) PUFA are the prime essential fatty acids for Arctic charr, and that they are used in preference to (n-6) PUFA for elongation, desaturation and incorporation into PL. The results suggest that the quantitative requirement of Arctic charr for EFA is may be higher than that of other salmonids.

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“…For example, Takeuchi and Watanabe (1979) found that the incorporation of either linolenate or (n-3) HUFA into diets for rainbow trout in amounts four times higher than their established requirements reduced growth and feed conversion. Yu and Sinnhuber (1979) also noted depressed growth in coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) fed very high levels of (n-3) fatty acids. Among non-salmonids, slight depression was noted in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) fed 1.25% (n-3) HUFA and significant growth depression occurred in fish fed 4% linolenate (Satoh et al 1989).…”

Section: Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Essential fatty acid requirement of juvenile red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus)

Lochmann

Gatlin

1993

Fish Physiol Biochem

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Feeding experiments and laboratory analyses were conducted to establish the essential fatty acid (EFA) requirement of red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus). Juvenile red drum were maintained in aquaria containing brackish water (5 ± 2‰ total dissolved solids) for two 6-week experiments. Semipurified diets contained a total of 70% lipid consisting of different combinations of tristearin [predominantly 18:0] and the following fatty acid ethyl esters: oleate, linoleate, linolenate, and a mixture of highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA) containing approximately 60% eicosapentaenoate plus docosahexaenoate. EFA-deficient diets (containing only tristearin or oleate) rapidly reduced fish growth and feed efficiency, and increased mortality. Fin erosion and a "shock syndrome" also occurred in association with EFA deficiency. Of the diets containing fatty acid ethyl esters, those with 0.5-1% (n-3) HUFA (0.3-0.6% eicosapentaenoate plus docosahexaenoate) promoted the best growth, survival, and feed efficiency; however, the control diet containing 7% menhaden fish oil provided the best performance. Excess (n-3) HUFA suppressed fish weight gain; suppression became evident at 1.5% (n-3) HUFA, and was pronounced at 2.5%. Fatty acid compositions of whole-body, muscle and liver tissues from red drum fed the various diets generally reflected dietary fatty acids, but modifications of these patterns also were evident. Levels of saturated fatty acids appeared to be regulated independent of diet. In fish fed EFA-deficient diets (containing only tristearin or oleate), monoenes increased and (n-3) HUFA were preferentially conserved in polar lipid fractions. Eicosatrienoic acid [20:3(n-9)] was not elevated in EFA-deficient red drum, apparently due to their limited ability to transform fatty acids. Red drum exhibited some limited ability to elongate and desaturate linoleic acid [18:2(n-6)] and linolenic acid [18:3(n-3)]; however, metabolism of 18:3(n-3) did not generally result in increased tissue levels of (n-3) HUFA. Based on these responses, the red drum required approximately 0.5% (n-3) HUFA in the diet (approximately 7% of dietary lipid) for proper growth and health.

show abstract

Effect of dietary ω3 and ω6 fatty acids on growth and feed conversion efficiency of coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch)

Cited by 90 publications

References 14 publications

Effect of dietary linolenic acid/linoleic acid ratio on growth performance, hepatic fatty acid profiles and intermediary metabolism of juvenile yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco

Effect of dietary linolenic acid/linoleic acid ratio on growth performance, hepatic fatty acid profiles and intermediary metabolism of juvenile yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco

Lipids of arctic charr,Salvelinus alpinus (L.) I. Dietary induced changes in lipid class and fatty acid composition

Essential fatty acid requirement of juvenile red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus)

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