Effect of Different Artificial Staining Procedures on the Color Stability and Translucency of a Nano-Hybrid Resin-Based Composite

Abstract

Background: To evaluate the effect of different experimental staining procedures on color stability and translucency of a nano-hybrid resin-based composite (RBC). Methods: Forty-eight cylindrical-shaped specimens (10 × 2 mm) were prepared with a nano-hybrid RBC (Clearfil Majesty ES-2) and randomly divided in four groups according to the experimental staining procedure: G1) static immersion in a staining solution (coffee) (44 ± 1 °C); G2) staining cycling between coffee (44 ± 1°C) and distilled water (37 ± 1°C) with an experimental staining machine based on Arduino, an Open Source hardware development platform; G3) staining cycles as in G2 + brushing with a low abrasive toothpaste (Relative Dentin Abrasion RDA = 30) (Elmex Sensitive Professional); G4) staining cycles as in G3, with brushing performed with a very strong abrasive toothpaste (RDA = 90) (Lacult Active). Color parameters were recorded at the baseline (T0) after staining procedures (T1) and repolishing (T2) using a spectrophotometer. Color change (∆E00) and translucency (TP, CR) were evaluated. Data were statistically analyzed (p < 0.05). Results: For ∆E00 after staining, Group 1 showed the highest color change and Group 3 the lowest. All groups were significantly different (p < 0.001) except for Group 2 vs. Group 4; after repolishing, Group 1 was significantly higher than Group 3 (p < 0.001), Group 2 (p < 0.001), and Group 4 (p = 0.003); Group 2 was higher than Group 3 (p < 0.001). For TP variable, after staining procedures, Group 2 was significantly higher than all other groups (p < 0.001), and Group 1 was significantly higher than Group 3 (p < 0.001) and Group 4 (p = 0.007). After repolishing, Group 4 was significantly lower than Group 3 (p = 0.008) and Group 2 (p = 0.027). Repolishing procedure significantly reduced color parameters. Conclusions: The investigated staining procedure induced significant differences in color stability and translucency. The use of a very strong abrasive toothpaste (RDA = 90) induced higher color change than a low abrasive one (RDA = 30). Repolishing procedures are able to partially reduce color change induced by artificial staining procedures.

Change in surface properties of two different dental resin composites after using various beverages and brushing

“…These results were in line with da Silva et al, [ 32 ], Roselino et al, [ 33 ], and Costa et al, [ 21 ]. Also in a study Paolone et al, [ 16 ] the use of toothpaste with high RDA produced detrimental effect on the nanohybrid composite used.…”

“…Brushing can cause degradation of the polymer matrix of the composite resin thus changing the surface hardness of the composite resin, which subsequently enhances more discoloration [ 13 – 15 ]. This is influenced by the abrasiveness of the toothpaste which is referred to as Relative Dentin Abrasion (RDA) [ 16 ]. The RDA of whitening toothpastes ranges either between 60 and 100 or higher than 100 [ 6 ].…”

“…The RDA of whitening toothpastes ranges either between 60 and 100 or higher than 100 [ 6 ]. It has been claimed that using toothpaste with high abrasiveness would increase the surface roughness [ 16 ].…”

The Effect of Different Polishing Methods and Dentifrices on of Resin Composite.

“…Lately, whitening toothpastes have gained popularity as a treatment for extrinsic stains 12 . The majority of whitening dentifrices contain the same main functional components which serves a distinct purpose 13 .…”

A comparative assessment of color stability among various commercial resin composites

“…As a result, faster methods such as polishing or bleaching techniques are often preferred for more efficient stain removal [ 10 ]. A thorough review of the available literature indicates a contradiction concerning the impact of beverages on composite restorations and the influence of repolishing on the color change of stained composites [ 9 – 12 ]. The objective of this study was to assess the color stability of six commercially available restorative resin composites (including conventional, bulk-fill, and discontinuous microfiber-reinforced types) after exposure to commonly consumed beverages.…”