The molecular dynamics (MD) simulation method was used to study the influence of the Al 2 O 3 -RO (R = Ca, Mg) ratio on the structure and properties of CaO-MgO-Al 2 O 3 -SiO 2 -Na 2 O glass at high temperatures. The micro-structure characteristics, degree of network polymerisation (DNP), and high-temperature viscosity of the glass melts were analysed. The results showed that the coordination number of Si 4+ and Al 3+ remained about 4 in the process of replacing Al 2 O 3 with RO. The silicon-oxygen and aluminium-oxygen tetrahedron content showed a decreasing trend with a decrease in the Al 2 O 3 content, the bridging oxygen content decreased, and the degree of the network polymerisation of the glass decreased from 3.33 to 2.79. The decrease in the Al 2 O 3 content also caused a rapid decrease in the glass fibre-forming temperature from 1637.66 K to 1552.87 K. According to the molecular dynamics calculation, the linear relationship between the DNP and fibre-forming temperature was obtained.