Effect of different crosslinkers on properties of melamine formaldehyde‐furfuryl alcohol copolymer/montmorillonite impregnated softwood (<i>Ficus hispida</i>)

Hazarika, Ankita; Maji, Tarun K.

doi:10.1002/pen.23391

Cited by 33 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…O ganho percentual de massa dos compósitos foi calculado de acordo com a Equação 1, como previamente mencionado em outros estudos [5,6,15,16] .…”

Section: Ganho Percentual De Massaunclassified

“…O aumento do ganho percentual de massa após a inserção de agentes de ligação foi previamente reportado por outros autores [12,16,17] . O elevado ganho percentual de massa (>100%), observado para todos compósitos, pode resultar numa diminuição do índice de mérito deste material (razão entre resistência mecânica e densidade), uma vez que, após tratamentos de polimerização in situ, comumente observa-se incrementos nas propriedades mecânicas abaixo de 100% [5] .…”

Section: Morfologia Dos Compósitosunclassified

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Compósitos polímero-madeira preparados por polimerização in situ de metil metacrilato usando aditivos bifuncionais

et al. 2015

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ResumoO presente trabalho teve por objetivo a confecção de compósitos polímero-madeira por meio de polimerização in situ de metil metacrilato (MMA), utilizando ácido metacrílico (MAA) e glicidil metacrilato (GMA) como agentes de ligação e reticulação. Amostras de madeira de guapuruvu foram impregnadas em um sistema de vácuo e pressão e polimerizadas em estufa a 90°C por 10h, usando 1,5% de peroxido de benzoíla como catalisador. Os compósitos foram caracterizados por meio de testes de absorção de água e estabilidade dimensional, molhabilidade, ATR-IR, TGA, MEV e WPG. Os espectros de ATR-IR mostraram incrementos nas bandas a 1746, 1460, e 1145 cm -1 , referentes as estruturas químicas dos polímeros dentro da madeira, confirmado posteriormente pelas imagens de MEV. A termogravimetria apontou reações químicas entre os copolímeros e a parede celular da madeira nos compósitos com GMA e MAA. Os compósitos preparados com MMA apresentaram incrementos acima de 50% nas propriedades higroscópicas e de estabilidade dimensional, entretanto a adição de GMA e MAA resultou em maiores incrementos nas mesmas propriedades, entre 66-90%. Palavras-chave: polimerização por radicais livres, Schizolobium parahyba, catálise térmica, reticulantes, agentes de ligação. AbstractWe prepared wood/polymer composites by in situ polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) using glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and methacrylic acid (MAA) as cross-linkers and coupling agents. The guapuruvu wood samples were impregnated in a vacuum/pressure system and polymerized at 90 °C for 10 h, using benzoyl peroxide at 1.5 wt % as catalyst. We characterized the composites through water uptake, dimensional stability tests, wettability, ATR-FTIR spectroscopy, TGA, SEM, and WPG. ATR-FTIR spectra showed an increase of the peaks at 1746, 1460, and 1145 cm -1 , corresponding to the chemical structures of the polymers into the pores and capillaries of the wood. This was further confirmed in the SEM images. TGA curves showed evidences for a chemical interaction between the copolymer and the wood cell wall in the composites with GMA and MAA. Hygroscopicity and dimensional stability properties of the composites prepared with MMA improved by 50%. Nevertheless, the addition of GMA and MAA resulted in additional increases for hydrophobicity and dimensional stability of the samples, ~ 66 -90%.

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“…O ganho percentual de massa dos compósitos foi calculado de acordo com a Equação 1, como previamente mencionado em outros estudos [5,6,15,16] .…”

Section: Ganho Percentual De Massaunclassified

Section: Morfologia Dos Compósitosunclassified

Compósitos polímero-madeira preparados por polimerização in situ de metil metacrilato usando aditivos bifuncionais

et al. 2015

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“…The dimensional stability, mechanical properties, chemical resistance, impact strength of WPCs can significantly be improved by the use of crosslinkers 34 . These are used in small quantities to treat two incompatible surfaces, e.g., wood and polymer 36 .…”

Section: Crosslinking Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wood modification through furfurylation is an environmental friendly method and the degradation of the furfurylated wood by combustion do not generate any volatile organic compounds 33 . Wood impregnated with melamine formaldehyde-furfuryl alcohol (MFFA) copolymer in presence of different crosslinking agents and montmorillonite (MMT) shows a remarkable improvement in dimensional stability, chemical resistance, and mechanical properties of the composites 34 . Starch is one of the most outstanding raw materials which is produced from a great variety of crops and is a natural renewable polysaccharide.…”

Section: Bio-derived Polymer Used For Wood Modificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modification of Softwood by Monomers and Nanofillers

Hazarika

Maji

2014

DSJ

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Technological development of wood polymer composites (WPC) is a very promising approach to overcome most of the disadvantageous properties of wood products, for example their poor mechanical strength, poor dimensional stability, susceptibility to fungal attack, weathering and the like. To find the substitute for costly items of hard wood, suitable technologies have been developed to modify softwood to meet specific end-use requirements. Various vinyl monomers and/or copolymers or thermosetting resin in combination with different types of cross linking agents, flame retarding agents have been used to improve the properties of wood. Nanotechnology is a new area of science and technology which opens up new opportunities to develop wood based products with desired properties. Now-a-days government is making strict legislations to promote green technology for the protection of environment worldwide. With the depletion of petroleum resources at alarming rate, it is high time to replace petroleum-based products by some sustainable alternative products based on vegetable biomass. The bio-based resins obtained from renewable feedstock have been widely utilized by taking the advantages of easy availability, renewable nature and low cost. The green route of modification of wood is widely encouraged. With the progress of technological development, now it is possible to avoid the hazardous influence of organic solvents by using water as solvent or diluents for modification of wood. WPC has got tremendous scope for use in diverse areas of applications.

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“…The weight percentage gain (WPG) after the treatments was calculated using equation 1, as previously mentioned in other studies (Devi and Maji 2013b, Ding et al 2013, Hazarika and Maji 2013, Islam et al 2013.…”

Section: Weight Percentage Gainmentioning

confidence: 99%

Color changes of wood from Pinus taeda and Schizolobium parahybum treated by in situ polymerization of methyl methacrylate using cross-linkers

Mattos

Missio

Cademartori

et al. 2016

Maderas, Cienc. tecnol.

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the colorimetric properties of Pinus taeda and Schizolobium parahybum woods treated by in situ polymerization. The wood samples were impregnated in a vacuum/ pressure system and polymerized in an oven at 90°C for 10h, using benzoyl peroxide at 1,5wt% as the catalyst. The treatments were characterized using attenuated total reflectance infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopy and weight percentage gain (WPG). The color evaluation was performed using CIEL*a*b* concepts, specular gloss, and UV-Visible spectrophotometry. Treated woods showed increases in band intensity related to polymers (1730, 1460 and 1145 cm -1 ), and WPG ranged from 39 to 164%, depending of the wood species and treatments. Lightness decreased, while the Chroma, gloss and the color coordinates increased. A darkening of the all treated samples was observed, and confirmed by the decrease in the reflectance intensity between 400 and 700 nm.

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Effect of different crosslinkers on properties of melamine formaldehyde‐furfuryl alcohol copolymer/montmorillonite impregnated softwood (Ficus hispida)

Cited by 33 publications

References 40 publications

Compósitos polímero-madeira preparados por polimerização in situ de metil metacrilato usando aditivos bifuncionais

Compósitos polímero-madeira preparados por polimerização in situ de metil metacrilato usando aditivos bifuncionais

Modification of Softwood by Monomers and Nanofillers

Color changes of wood from Pinus taeda and Schizolobium parahybum treated by in situ polymerization of methyl methacrylate using cross-linkers

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