Effect of different extraction solvents on the yield and enzyme inhibition (a-amylase, a-glucosidase, and lipase) activity of some vegetables

Abstract

Abstract. Maser WH, Maiyah N, Nagarajan M, Kingwascharapong P, Senphan T, Ali AMM, Bavisetty SCB. 2023. Effect of different extraction solvents on the yield and enzyme inhibition (a-amylase, a-glucosidase, and lipase) activity of some vegetables. Biodiversitas 24: 3320-3331. The present study investigated the in vitro inhibition of a-amylase, a-glucosidase, and lipase, and antioxidant activities (DPPH, metal chelating, and FRAP) of Allium cepa L., Apium graveolens L., Coriandrum sativum L., and Petroselinum crispum (Mill.) Fuss using solvent 80% ethanol, absolute ethanol, acetone, methanol, n-hexane, chloroform, and hot water. The total phenolic content (TPC) and the FTIR and GC-MS characterization spectra were compared with the activities. The TPC of 80% ethanol extract in A. graveolens L. was the highest among the extracts, with 23.78 mg GAE/g extract. The 80% ethanol extract exhibited the most potent antioxidant activity on DPPH radical scavenging (A. graveolens, 125.57 mg AEAC/g extract), metal chelating (C. sativum, 92.85 mg EECC/g extract), and FRAP activities (C. sativum, 46.98 mg AEAC/g extract). The 80% ethanol extract showed the highest anti-a-amylase (P. crispum, 30.61 mmol ACE/g extract) and anti-a-glucosidase (A. cepa, 595.28 mmol ACE/g extract) activities. In comparison, the absolute ethanol extract of C. sativum showed the highest anti-lipase activity (42.10% inhibition). According to the FTIR spectra, the 80% ethanol extract of the four green leafy vegetables is predicted to have several active compounds. GC-MS identified the compounds responsible for the activity. Studies on the recovery potential of active compounds as oral agents to treat diabetes mellitus with certain solvents are very useful in producing oral agents and functional foods to prevent diabetes mellitus.

Antidiabetic Property Optimization from Green Leafy Vegetables Using Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction to Improve Cracker Production

“…4 ). In one recent study, Maser et al (2023b) also reported a positive correlation in GLV extracts between metal chelating activity and TPC ( P <0.01), which suggests that phenolic compounds such as flavonoids, condensed tannins, and phenolic acids may significantly contribute to metal chelation. Similarly, Arogundade et al (2023) found that metal chelating ability increased with the addition of plantain flour and bambara groundnut blends to biscuits.…”

“…GLV powder was prepared using a method described by Maser et al (2023b) . Briefly, GLVs were first dehydrated in a WRH-100 drier (IKE Industrial Co., Ltd.) at 45°C until they reached a constant weight.…”

“…AGI assay : An AGI assay was performed using the method described by Maser et al (2023b) . First, extracts (10 μL in 10 mg/mL dimethylsulfoxide concentration) were mixed with 50 μL of 0.1 M phosphate buffer at pH 6.9, 25 μL of 0.1 U/mL α-glucosidase, and 25 μL of 10 mM p-NPG.…”

“…Metal chelating assay : Metal chelating analysis was conducted using the method described by Maser et al (2023b) using 0.6 mM FeCl 2 and 5 mM Ferrozine. For all experiments, the absorbance was measured at 562 nm and a calibration curve was established using EDTA.…”

“…Lipase inhibitory (LPI) assay : LPI analysis was performed as per the method described by Maser et al (2023b) . Briefly, extracts (25 μL of a concentration of 1 mg/mL) were mixed with 25 μL of 50 U/mL lipase solution and 50 μL of 0.5 mM 4MUO.…”