Effect of different irrigating solutions with surfactants on the microhardness and smear layer removal of root canal dentin: An in vitro study

Dhawan, Rajan; Gupta, Ankit; Dhillon, Jaidev Singh; Dhawan, Sanjay; Sharma, Tamanna; Divya, Batra

doi:10.4103/jcd.jcd_487_19

Cited by 11 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Apparently, the vertical continuous motion of the needle during manual irrigation promoted dynamic corono-apical circulation of the solution, ensuring good cleaning of canal walls. Previous studies demonstrated that Qmix 2in1 solution removes the debris and smear layer better than NaOCl due to its chemical composition [ 55 , 56 ]. This was the reason why, in the present study, Qmix 2in1 solution was used for traditional irrigation and NaOCl was activated using ultrasound and laser in order to see where the smear layer and debris will be better removed by activating them.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of Different Final Irrigation Procedures on Enterococcus faecalis Infected Root Canals: An In Vitro Evaluation

et al. 2022

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This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial effect of three final irrigation protocols and to compare their ability to remove the smear layer and debris from the root canal. Methods: Sixty-three single-rooted human teeth were inoculated with Enterococcus faecalis for 14 days. The teeth were divided into a positive control group (N = 3) and three treatment groups (N = 20) as follows: final irrigation with saline solution (control group), irrigation with 5.25% NaOCl ultrasonically activated with EndoUltra (EU), standard needle irrigation with Qmix 2in1 (Qx) and irrigation with 5.25% NaOCl activated using SiroLaser Blue (SB). The bacterial load was evaluated by analyzing the colony-forming units (CFU/mL). Selected specimens were split longitudinally and examined using scanning electron microscopy in order to determine the presence of a smear layer and debris. Statistical analyses were performed using one-way ANOVA and the Kruskal–Wallis rank-sum test. Results: Activation of NaOCl with EndoUltra or SiroLaser Blue was superior at reducing intracanal bacteria relative to standard needle irrigation with Qmix 2in1 solution (p < 0.05). Even though SiroLaser Blue showed the best results for removing the smear layer and debris, no significant differences were detected between the groups (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Final irrigation with 5.25% NaOCl ultrasonically activated using EndoUltra or SiroLaser Blue demonstrated a higher efficacy in bacterial reduction than standard needle irrigation with Qmix 2in1.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of Different Final Irrigation Procedures on Enterococcus faecalis Infected Root Canals: An In Vitro Evaluation

et al. 2022

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“…However, vigorously using harsh chemicals can weaken tooth structure. [ 12 ] Debris and smear layer production during root canal treatment is unavoidable, every instrument whether hand, rotary or reciprocal some amount of debris and smear layer will produce during instrumentation. It is very important factor to keep in mind that if we cannot completely avoid the formation of debris and smear layer, we should choose the file system which produces minimum amount of debris and smear layer.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of debris and smear layer formation using three different NI-TI rotary instrument systems: An in vitro scanning electron microscope study

Chatterjee¹,

Desai²,

Mukherjee³

et al. 2021

J Conserv Dent

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Aim: The aim of the study is to evaluate of debris and smear layer formation after using rotary ProTaper Universal, Twisted File, and XP Endo file systems under scanning electron microscope. Materials and Methods: Forty freshly extracted mandibular second premolar teeth were taken to decoronate at the cementoenamel junction to make the remaining root length 15 mm. Specimens were divided into four groups of 10 teeth each, Group I (control) – no instrumentation. Group II – ProTaper Universal rotary file (F2), Group III – twisted file (ISO size 0.25 and 6% taper), Group IV – XP Endo file (ISO size 0.25). During instrumentation, 5 ml normal saline was used as irrigating agent. Grooves parallel to the longitudinal axis of the root were made on the mesial and distal surface of each specimen to split it into two halves and examined under scanning electron microscope at ×1500 and ×5000 magnification. Photomicrographs were taken to evaluate debris and smear layer. Evaluation of photomicrographs was done using a score index. Results: One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare more than one means at a time. Tukey's critical difference followed by ANOVA was used to compare the mean values pair wise. P <0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Among all the file systems, Group II showed maximum amount of debris (3.50 ± 1.109) followed by Group III (2.83 ± 1.238) and least amount was showed by Group IV (2.65 ± 1.122) at all levels (cervical, middle, and apical third). Among all the experimental groups, Group II showed maximum amount of smear layer (2.75 ± 1.149) followed by Group III (2.40 ± 0.982) and least amount of smear layer shown by Group IV (2.10 ± 0.841) at all levels (cervical, middle and apical third), the result was statistically significant ( P < 0.05). Conclusions: At all the levels (cervical third, middle third, and apical third), among all the experimental groups, highest amount of debris and smear layer was formed by ProTaper Universal rotary file followed by Twisted file and least amount showed by XP Endo file system. In all the levels, control group showed highest amount of debris but least amount of smear layer.

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“…The 45 sectioned roots were randomly distributed, using the Research Randomizer program (Copyright © 1997-2022 by Geoffrey C. Urbaniak and Scott Plous), into five equal groups A, B, C, D and E, nine teeth each, treated with 40 millilitres (ml) of distilled water as a control, 17% EDTA, BioAkt, 40% citric acid, and 10% citric acid, respectively, inside an ultrasound vibrator for five minutes to ensure that the solution fully interacted with the root surface (Figure 2), then the treated roots were thoroughly rinsed with five ml of distilled water [9,11,12].…”

Section: Sampling Distribution and Pharmacological Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of a Novel Silver-Citrate Root Canal Irrigation Solution (BioAkt), Ethylenediamine Tetraacetic Acid (EDTA), and Citric Acid on the Microhardness of Root Canal Dentin: A Comparative In Vitro Study

Alyahya¹,

Rekab²,

AL-Ostwani³

et al. 2022

Cureus

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Background and objectiveThe use of a chelating agent as an adjunct to disinfectant irrigation is very necessary to remove the smear layer formed during root canal treatment. However, the decalcifying solutions have a negative impact on dentin microhardness, which might affect the result of endodontic therapy. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of 17% ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA), a novel silver-citrate root canal irrigation solution (BioAkt), 10% citric acid, and 40% citric acid on the microhardness of root canal dentin. Materials and methodsForty-five single-root teeth were distributed equally into five groups A, B, C, D, and E treated with distilled water as a control, 17% EDTA, BioAkt, 10% citric acid, and 40% citric acid, respectively. The dentin microhardness was measured before and after the experiment, and the collected data were analyzed using paired sample T-test, One-way ANOVA test, and least significant difference (LSD) test (multiple comparisons), (P < 0.05). ResultThe results showed that the averages of dentin microhardness values before the experiment were 62.83 kg/mm², 65.34 kg/mm², 64.79 kg/mm², 62.95 kg/mm², and 56.47 kg/mm² for groups A, B, C, D, and E, respectively, while the averages after the experiment were 62.60 kg/mm², 54.92 kg/mm², 54.50 kg/mm², 51.31 kg/mm², and 49.37kg/mm² accordingly. Statistical analysis revealed that 17% EDTA, BioAkt, 10% citric acid, and 40% citric acid decreased the dentin microhardness significantly comparing with the negative control group, without statistical differences among them. ConclusionThe chelating agents 17% EDTA, BioAkt, 10% citric acid, and 40% citric acid declined the microhardness of root canal dentin similarly, which might have possible effects on endodontic treatment and the properties of root canal filling materials as well.

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Effect of different irrigating solutions with surfactants on the microhardness and smear layer removal of root canal dentin: An in vitro study

Cited by 11 publications

References 15 publications

Effectiveness of Different Final Irrigation Procedures on Enterococcus faecalis Infected Root Canals: An In Vitro Evaluation

Effectiveness of Different Final Irrigation Procedures on Enterococcus faecalis Infected Root Canals: An In Vitro Evaluation

Evaluation of debris and smear layer formation using three different NI-TI rotary instrument systems: An in vitro scanning electron microscope study

The Effect of a Novel Silver-Citrate Root Canal Irrigation Solution (BioAkt), Ethylenediamine Tetraacetic Acid (EDTA), and Citric Acid on the Microhardness of Root Canal Dentin: A Comparative In Vitro Study

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