Effect of different levels of nitrogen and charcoal on growth and yield traits of chili (Capsicum annuum L.)

Subedi, Puja; Bhattarai, Prayusha; Lamichhane, Babita; Khanal, Anil; Shrestha, Jiban

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13353

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Additionally, Fornes and Belda (2018) reported a reductions of 51% to 70% in root biomass and 11% to 30% in shoot biomass of tomato (Lycopersicum esculentus Mill) plant with 75% and 100% forest wood biochar. Similarly, Bhattarai et al (2022) and Subedi et al (2023) suggested that a biochar application rate less than 7.5% improves plant growth and quality of potted broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica Plenck.)…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Determining Eastern Red Cedar Biochar Soilless Media Supplementation Rates for Potted Ornamental Kale and Chrysanthemum Production

Lamichhane,

Dunn,

Singh

et al. 2024

horts

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The increasing demand for soilless media, sustainability issues with peatmoss, and increasing cost of peatmoss have prompted studies of more environmentally friendly and less expensive substitutes. Biochar, a lightweight black carbon material produced by the pyrolysis of biomass, has gained popularity as a soilless media supplement. The objective of this study was to evaluate Eastern red cedar (ERC) biochar as a supplement to soilless media for the production of chrysanthemum and ornamental kale. Treatments included ERC biochar produced at three different temperature ranges of 300 to 350 °C, 400 to 450 °C, and 500 to 550 °C that were applied at 25%, 50%, and 75% v/v plus a control (100% v/v of standard commercial mix). Additionally, ERC bark was applied at the same rate as biochar. The 300 to 350 °C and 400 to 450 °C temperature ranges increased the bulk density of the media, whereas total porosity was greatest with just bark. Regarding the physical properties of the media, in general, the 75% v/v supplementation rate of ERC bark or biochar at any temperature increased air porosity but decreased the water holding capacity, except for the water holding capacity at 500 to 550 °C. As the biochar production temperature increased, so did the pH and electrical conductivity (EC), whereas volatile matter decreased. Plant height, width, shoot dry weight, root dry weight, number of flowers (chrysanthemum only), flower diameter, and water use efficiency were greatest with the 100% v/v soilless media for both species. In general, chrysanthemum plants grown with 25% v/v biochar supplementation or bark had similar height, width, and shoot dry weight at any temperature compared with those grown with the 100% v/v soilless media. For ornamental kale, the 25% v/v 400 to 450 °C biochar supplementation showed plant height and water use efficiency similar to those of the 100% v/v soilless media. In general, 25% ERC bark performed similar to 25% v/v and 50% v/v biochar at any temperature for plant width, shoot dry weight, root dry weight, water use efficiency, and root-to-shoot ratio. The media nutrient content and EC were greater with 100% v/v soilless media and a lower rate (25% v/v) of ERC bark and biochar than with higher rates. The higher levels of biochar were harmful and reduced the ornamental kale growth and quality. These results suggest that supplemented soilless media with lower rates (25% v/v) of ERC biochar could be recommended for chrysanthemum, but that less than 25% v/v may be necessary for ornamental kale.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Determining Eastern Red Cedar Biochar Soilless Media Supplementation Rates for Potted Ornamental Kale and Chrysanthemum Production

Lamichhane,

Dunn,

Singh

et al. 2024

horts

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“…(2017) reported a 23% higher maize yield at historical charcoal kilns. A crop yield increment by 55% was obtained through the addition of charcoal to acidic soil in a pot experiment (Subedi et al., 2023). Our result of crop yield increment (136%) by charcoal production is greater compared with meta‐analysis for biochar that can increase crop yield by 17% (Singh et al., 2022), 25% (Jeffery et al., 2017) and 17.1% (Biederman & Stanley Harpole, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Charcoal production taking place in situ in agricultural fields can influence soil properties and crop production at kiln sites through heating effects and the introduction of charcoal remnants (biochar) into the soil (Abebe & Endalkachew, 2011; Coomes & Miltner, 2017; Kim et al., 2022; Leng et al., 2021; Oguntunde et al., 2004; Subedi et al., 2023; Thomaz, 2017). In Fagita Lekoma district of northwestern Ethiopia, where this study was carried out, charcoal production is an integral part of a tree‐based agroforestry system in which wood is taken from A. decurrens fallow forests established on acidic agricultural soil.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In situ charcoal production in Acacia decurrens‐based taungya system improved soil properties and productivity of three agricultural crops in the highlands of Ethiopia

Tadele,

Adgo

2024

Soil Use and Management

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Short‐term in situ charcoal production‐induced changes in soil properties and crop productivity of acidic soil in Acacia decurrens‐based taungya system were assessed in the Guder watershed of northwestern Ethiopia. Data were collected through field study, pot experiment and interviews with local farmers. The field study involved a survey of 36 paired charcoal production kiln sites and adjacent reference sites in 18 croplands to analyse soil physicochemical properties and productivity of tef (Eragrostis tef), barley (Hordeum vulgare) and wheat (Triticum aestivum). A pot experiment was undertaken with wheat to investigate seed germination and chemical fertilizer needs at charcoal production sites. Local farmers were interviewed for their perceptions and management practices. The production and short‐term presence of charcoal in kiln sites significantly increased sand fraction, pH, organic carbon, available phosphorous, exchangeable Mg2+ and exchangeable K+ compared with the reference sites. Charcoal production practice raised pH by 0.83 units, organic carbon, available P and exchangeable K+ by 40%, 92% and 303%, respectively. Exchangeable acidity and exchangeable Al3+ were lowered by over 80% at kiln sites. Both aboveground biomass and grain yield of tef, barley and wheat were, on average, 135% higher at kiln sites than at the reference sites. Furthermore, crops grown at kiln sites were taller and had greener and larger leaves. Farmers' responses indicated higher crop productivity and reduced inorganic fertilizer application at kiln sites. Results from the pot experiment provided evidence of faster seed germination, enhanced crop productivity and reduced inorganic fertilizer needs in charcoal‐treated soils. The study suggests that the inclusion of charcoal remnants and heating can increase carbon storage, improve soil properties which promote crop productivity and reduce the need for inorganic fertilizer in degraded, acidic agricultural soil.

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“…Nitrogen promotes rapid growth, enhances fruit quality, increases protein content, and facilitates the absorption and utilisation of other nutrients, such as potassium and phosphorus. Additionally, plant development and yield determination are also influenced by soil texture (Puja et al 2023).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduction of the mangosteen tree (Garcinia mangostana L.) production cycle: effect of soil type and fertilisers

Haba,

Silué,

Dembele

et al. 2024

Bull Natl Res Cent

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Background Shortening the vegetative cycle of slow-growing crops is a significant challenge for breeders, agronomists, and growers. This reduction is particularly crucial for the mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana) as it would make it easier for farmers to adopt this crop. The mangosteen tree is notoriously slow-growing, taking between 8 and 15 years to produce its first fruits. The plant's slow growth and late fruiting pose a significant obstacle to its adoption and spread in rural areas. In Côte d'Ivoire, these constraints have limited its cultivation to small farms owned by a few producers. However, it could be an alternative for diversifying agricultural income and contributing to poverty reduction in rural areas. This study aims to evaluate the effects of soil type and fertiliser on the agronomic parameters of mangosteen tree growth. The goal is to contribute to shortening its vegetative phase. Results The study results indicate that soil type and fertiliser have a significant effect on mangosteen growth parameters. Evaluating the agronomic performance of mangosteen, it was found that lowland soil promotes better plant growth. Growth rate and height growth were found to be significantly influenced (p = 0.03). After 36 months of monitoring, the growth rates for mangosteen trees grown on lowland soil were 53.08 ± 7.30%, while those grown on forest soil were 41.51 ± 13.43%. Additionally, the use of foliar and granular N-P-K fertilisers resulted in earlier fruiting, starting from the 5th year of cultivation. Conclusions The results showed that fertilisers play a crucial role in managing and shortening the juvenile phase of the mangosteen tree. Foliar and NPK fertilisers performed exceptionally well, resulting in earlier fruiting of mangosteen trees, starting from the 5th year of cultivation.

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Effect of different levels of nitrogen and charcoal on growth and yield traits of chili (Capsicum annuum L.)

Cited by 9 publications

References 49 publications

Determining Eastern Red Cedar Biochar Soilless Media Supplementation Rates for Potted Ornamental Kale and Chrysanthemum Production

Determining Eastern Red Cedar Biochar Soilless Media Supplementation Rates for Potted Ornamental Kale and Chrysanthemum Production

In situ charcoal production in Acacia decurrens‐based taungya system improved soil properties and productivity of three agricultural crops in the highlands of Ethiopia

Reduction of the mangosteen tree (Garcinia mangostana L.) production cycle: effect of soil type and fertilisers

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