Effect of Different Levels of Multienzymes on Immune Response, Blood Hematology and Biochemistry, Antioxidants Status and Organs Histology of Broiler Chicks Fed Standard and Low-Density Diets

Abstract

This study was executed to investigate the effect of supplementing three multienzyme levels (0, 0. 1, and 0.2%) with two types of diet [standard diet (SD) vs. low-density diet (LDD)] on immune response, blood hematology and biochemistry, antioxidant status, and organ histology of broilers during 1-38 days of age. A total of 216 unsexed 1-day-old Arbor Acres broiler chicks were randomly distributed, on a factorial design (2 × 3), to six treatments each with six replicates. There were six chicks per replicate. Results showed that LDD significantly decreased body weight gain (BWG) of broilers, but did not affect the European Production Efficiency Index (EPEI). Addition of multienzymes at both levels (0.1 and 0.2%) significantly increased BWG and improved EPEI, compared to the control diet. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspirate aminotransferase (AST), malondialdehyde (MDA), lymphocyte, lymphocyte transformation test (LTT), and phagocyte activity (PA) were significantly higher for LDD than the SD, but eosinophil was lower. Supplementation of multienzymes significantly decreased ALT, AST, and MDA, compared to the control group, but increased packed cell volume (PCV), hemoglobin (Hgb), lymphocytes, and monocytes. Immune organs, such as spleen, thymus, and the bursa of Fabricius were significantly increased with multienzyme supplementation. It could be concluded that multienzyme supplementation at either 0.1 or 0.2% to SD or LDD improved EPEI and immune status of broiler chicks.

Impact of phytase on improving the utilisation of pelleted broiler diets containing olive by-products

“…Different concentration of BECP did not significantly affect total plasma lipids, LDL, VLDL and risk of cholesterol. In general agreement, with the present results, Attia et al (2020) observed that enzymes did not negatively affect the biochemical constituents of blood. On the other hand, plasma triglycerides, and cholesterol were significantly decreased due to phytase supplementation to the 10 and 15% OC diets.…”

“…Nowadays, phytase is utilised extensively to improve animal feeds utilisation and economic of livestock farming due to many potential, such as overcome anti-nutritional factors such as phytic acid, improve digestion, and gut ecology and thus enhancing the use of nutrients for meat and egg production, reduce environmental pollution and increase profits due to nutrient equivalency value (Dailin et al 2018;Attia et al 2020). Phytase mainly improved phytate phosphorus utilisation, particularly of high phytic acids diets and enhanced the use of protein/amino acids, energy, phosphorous calcium and several trace minerals (Choct 2006;Dailin et al 2018).…”

The Impact of Wheat Bran on the Morphology and Physiology of the Gastrointestinal Tract in Broiler Chickens

“…Intestinal morphological characteristics, including villus height, crypt depth and villus height to crypt depth ratio, are accepted as an indicator for intestinal health and are directly related to the absorptive capacity of the mucous membrane [ 41 ]. Intestinal villi are the site where most of the nutrients are absorbed, and their height is indicative of the absorptive capacity of intestinal mucosa [ 42 ]. Crypts are known as the villus factory where new epithelial cells are produced, and their depth reflects the rate of tissue turnover to ensure renewal of the villus [ 43 ].…”

Modulatory Effect of Dietary Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Immunity, Represented by Phagocytic Activity

“…PUFAs have been widely used as supplementary ingredients in the feed rations of animals, as well as in humans to improve the health status and the immune function (2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8). PUFAs are broadly divided into two types: omega-3 (n-3) FAs, originated from ALA; and omega-6 (n-6), obtained from linolenic acid (LA) (4,6,(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21). Dietary imbalance in the ratios of n-6/n-3 (PUFAs) could adversely influence human and animal health.…”