Effect of Different Physical Training Forms on Change of Direction Ability: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Falch, Hallvard Nygaard; Rædergård, Håvard Guldteig; Tillaar, Roland van den

doi:10.1186/s40798-019-0223-y

Cited by 87 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 111 publications

(258 reference statements)

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“…Furthermore, there was a large statistically significant relationship between COD deficits between angles (90 • -COD DEF vs. 135 • -COD DEF ), while it was not the case for COD test (90 • -COD vs. 135 • -COD). The rationale for that results may be similar mechanical requirement between COD angles suggested by the Falch et al [12] and Bourgeuis et al [13], that angles below 90 • are more velocity-oriented, while angles above 90 • are more force-oriented. These data provides further support for the use of a COD deficit to evaluate an athlete's COD ability, as it removes the influence of linear running speed on such tests.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Relationships between Linear Sprint, Lower-Body Power Output and Change of Direction Performance in Elite Soccer Players

Papla

Krzysztofik

Wojdała

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between linear sprint, power output obtained during a squat and change of direction (COD) performance. Fifteen elite soccer players participated in this study (age = 21.7 ± 0.72 years, body mass = 74.9 ± 9.11 kg, body height = 180.4 ± 7 cm, training experience = 9 ± 1.5 years). To examine these correlations a following battery of tests were carried out: 20-m linear sprint, one-repetition maximum (1RM) squat strength, peak power output obtained during a squat at 50% 1RM and time obtained in two 20-m COD tests with different angles of direction change (90° and 135°). In addition, COD deficits (90°-CODDEF and 135°-CODDEF) for both COD tests were calculated. The Spearman’s rank order correlation showed a nearly perfect statistical relationship between the 90°-COD and the 90°-CODDEF (r = 0.9; p < 0.001). In the case of 90°-CODDEF, there was a large statistical relationship with 135°-CODDEF (r = 0.59; p = 0.021). Moreover, there was a nearly perfect statistical relationship between 135°-COD and 135°-CODDEF (r = 0.91; p < 0.001). The statistically insignificant (p > 0.05) relationship between 20-m linear sprint time, power output obtained during a squat at 50% 1RM, 1RM squat strength level and both COD test, as well as both COD deficits were found. Results of the present study showed that 20-m linear sprinting speed, 1RM squat strength, power output obtained during squat at 50% 1RM and COD ability at 90° and 135° angles, are separate physical qualities. Moreover, it seems that COD deficit provides a more isolated measure of COD ability than the COD tests alone and does not must be limited to a specific angle, but provides knowledge about the COD ability in a range of other angles, at least concerning 90° and 135° COD angles.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Relationships between Linear Sprint, Lower-Body Power Output and Change of Direction Performance in Elite Soccer Players

Papla

Krzysztofik

Wojdała

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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“…Plyometric training is thought to share similarities with COD due to the objective of exerting maximal amount of force in a restricted time period, producing as much power as possible [36]. In addition, utilization of the stretch-shortening cycle in fast dynamic exercises such as the COD and plyometrics is thought to be similar in terms of the ability to change a muscle contraction from eccentric to concentric as rapidly as possible [11,36]. As such, training with different countermovement jumps has been utilized in several training interventions [20,35,[37][38][39][40][41], inducing very small to very large effects [42].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As such, training with different countermovement jumps has been utilized in several training interventions [20,35,[37][38][39][40][41], inducing very small to very large effects [42]. The inconsistency in effects of the plyometric training interventions may be due to the lack of specificity towards the chosen COD test for performance measurements, as suggested in a review by Falch; Raedergård; van den Tillaar [36].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship of Performance Measures and Muscle Activity between a 180° Change of Direction Task and Different Countermovement Jumps

Falch

Rædergård

Tillaar

2020

Sports

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The ability to rapidly perform change of direction (COD) is crucial for performance in Soccer. COD speed is thought to share similarities with countermovement jumps in kinematics and muscle activation. Thus, the objective of the current study was to investigate the relationship between muscle activities in performance measures of a modified 505-agility test and different countermovement jumps. Twenty-one experienced soccer players performed a COD test including the 505-agility test and uni- and bi-lateral horizontal and vertical countermovement jumps. The main findings were that the vertical bilateral and horizontal unilateral countermovement jump were able to predict total time to complete the COD, but not 505-agility time. Muscle activity in the COD and countermovement jumps was only distinguished by a higher peak muscle activity for the adductor longus, semitendinosus and biceps femoris in the COD to stabilize the hip and decelerate knee joint movements when turning compared with the jumps. Conclusively, the relationship between performance in countermovement jumps and total time to complete the COD test was due to longer sprint distances, which makes the distinction between performances bigger. Peak muscle activity of most muscles is similar between the jumps and the COD step, indicating similar muscular demands between these activities.

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“…Plyometric training often includes drop jumps [23][24][25][26][27] and/or countermovement jumps [28][29][30][31][32][33] with variations in ground reaction forces produced. The effect of the different training interventions varies, but failing to induce large and significant effects is often due to a lack of specificity in movement patterns between the chosen exercises and the test selected for measuring COD performance [34]. Often neglected is the task specific nature of COD ability [35], dependent on number of turns, angle of direction change and sprint distance covered [10,34,36,37].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of strength and plyometric exercises with change of direction performances

2020

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The change of direction (COD) ability is an important task-specific skill for success in team sports, dependent on both strength and reactive strength. The sprint approaching the COD and degrees of the turn are factors influencing the specificity of the COD. Thus, CODs have been suggested to be categorized as force-(> 90˚) and velocity-dominant (< 90˚) dependent on the degree of the turn. When training programmes fail to provide a significant increase in COD performance, it is often due to neglecting the task-specific demands of the COD. As such, 23 male football players volunteered to complete a randomized controlled trial, investigating the association of maximal strength and power performance with performance in a force-(180˚) and velocity-dominant (45˚) COD, with a 4 m and 20 m sprint approach. Three strength and three plyometric exercises, matched in movement patterns, were used. Muscle activity of the different conditions was also compared. The correlational analysis revealed that better performance in the plyometric tests were associated with less time to complete both force-and velocity-dominant CODs, supported by similarities in muscle activation. None of the performances in strength exercises correlated to COD performance, due to the slow contraction velocity of maximal lifts. It was concluded that plyometrics share more physical similarities with CODs than the strength exercises.

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Effect of Different Physical Training Forms on Change of Direction Ability: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Cited by 87 publications

References 111 publications

Relationships between Linear Sprint, Lower-Body Power Output and Change of Direction Performance in Elite Soccer Players

Relationships between Linear Sprint, Lower-Body Power Output and Change of Direction Performance in Elite Soccer Players

Relationship of Performance Measures and Muscle Activity between a 180° Change of Direction Task and Different Countermovement Jumps

Association of strength and plyometric exercises with change of direction performances

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