Effect of different tillage systems and cultivars on yield and yield attributes of rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Abstract

A field experiment was conducted during Kharif 2019 at the Experimental Farm of the Department of Agronomy of CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur (H.P.) to investigate the effect of different tillage systems and varieties on yield of rice. The treatments consist of three rice varieties (HPR 1156, HPR 2656 and HPR 2795) which were tested under three tillage systems viz., conventional tillage, and minimum tillage without residue and minimum tillage with residue retention. The experiment was set up in a split plot design, with the tillage system in the main plot and rice cultivars in the sub plots, and it was triple replicated. The texture of the soil at the test site was silty clay loam in texture, acidic in reaction and in terms of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, it was evaluated as medium. Significantly higher no. of panicles per meter square were observed in minimum tillage without residue though this treatment was at par with conventional tillage while significantly lower number of panicles m-2 were recorded with minimum tillage with residue retention. Significantly greater number of grains per panicle and panicle length were recorded in conventional tillage while minimum tillage with residue retention recorded lower values of number of grains per panicle and panicle length. Different tillage practices had no effect on the test weight of rice. Among different varieties tested, HPR 2656 recorded greater number of panicles per square meter which was at par with variety HPR 1156. Significantly higher number of grains per panicle and panicle length were recorded with HPR 2795 while the other two varieties were at par with each other. Rice variety HPR 1156 produced grains that had significantly greater test weight while the other two varieties (HPR 2795 and HPR 2656) were at par with each other with respect to this parameter. In terms of yield, conventional tillage produced much larger grain yield, straw yield, and biological yield and was at par with minimum tillage without residue. Among different varieties tested, HPR 2795 recorded much greater grain, straw and biological yields.

Impact of Cultivation Practices and Varieties on Productivity, Profitability, and Nutrient Uptake of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) and Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Cropping System in India

“…Among the varieties tested, Him Palam Lal Dhan 1 (HPR 2795) recorded significantly higher biological yield during both years, which was followed by variety Sukara Dhan 1 (HPR 1156) and Him Palam Dhan 1 (HPR 2656), both of which were at par with each other. Similar results were also reported by Saini et al [48] and Ankit et al [47]. Similar results were also obtained for this parameter at RWRC, Malan.…”

“…Lack of adequate aeration to the roots under zero tillage conditions led to poor root growth, which potentially limited the soil profile from which the roots could extract plant nutrients, possibly resulting in poor initial growth and a lower grain yield. Similar results, indicating better growth and higher values of differing yield contributing characters under conventional tillage, as well as under reduced tillage as compared to zero tillage in wheat, were reported by a number of workers all over the world [3,37,38,40,44,[46][47][48]. Among the tested varieties, Him Palam Lal Dhan 1 (HPR 2795) reported significantly higher grain yield during both years, while Him Palam Dhan 1 (HPR 2656) recorded significantly lower grain yield.…”

Assessing the effect of soil cultivation methods and genotypes on crop yield components, yield and soil properties in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and Rice (Oryza sativa L.) cropping system

“…The observed variations among the genotypes with respect to this metric can be ascribed to their genetic constitution. Similar differences among different rice genotypes were also reported by number of workers [ 37 , 43 , 48 , 49 ].…”

“…Moreover, the sufficient availability of nitrogen and phosphorus is believed to have played a role in facilitating an enhanced and effective translocation of photosynthates to the grains, resulting in the development of larger and heavier grains, and thus, an elevated 1000-grain weight. Other workers have also reported significantly higher 1000-grain weight with conventional tillage [ 43 , 48 , 49 ] as compared to other tillage methods.…”