Effect of Different Vestibular Lesions upon body Equilibrium Function in Squirrel Monkeys

Igarashi, Makoto; Kato, Yuto

doi:10.3109/00016487509121280

Cited by 22 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…There is evidence that unilateral saccular damage (as seen in the implanted patients) could remain asymptomatic. The effect of selective surgical destruction of the saccule on equilibrium in squirrel monkeys is minimal (26). A single functioning saccule appears to be sufficient for cats to respond in a normal manner to drop experiments (27).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histopathology of the Peripheral Vestibular System after Cochlear Implantation in the Human

Handzel

Burgess

Nadol

2006

Otology & Neurotology

147

107

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Cochlear implantation does not cause deafferentation of the peripheral vestibular system. Cochlear hydrops accompanied by saccular collapse is common and may cause attacks of vertigo of delayed onset, similar to Ménière's syndrome as previously reported in several clinical series. Hydrops could be caused by obstruction of endolymphatic flow in the ductus reuniens or in the hook portion of the cochlea or by damage to the lateral cochlear wall caused by implantation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histopathology of the Peripheral Vestibular System after Cochlear Implantation in the Human

Handzel

Burgess

Nadol

2006

Otology & Neurotology

147

107

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“…The debate was fueled by ablation experiments that showed little or no deficit in equilibrium after destruction of the saccule in monkeys (Igarishi and Kato, 1975). For the vestibular system in mammals to have a useful role in hearing, it must respond naturally to sounds at levels which are nontraumatic, and the signals it transmits centrally must be processed as auditory information, that is, be interpreted as sensation or used to trigger behaviors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acoustically responsive fibers in the vestibular nerve of the cat

1994

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Recordings were made from single afferent fibers in the inferior vestibular nerve, which innervates the saccule and posterior semicircular canal. A substantial portion of the fibers with irregular background activity increased their firing in response to moderately intense clicks and tones. In responsive fibers, acoustic clicks evoked action potentials with minimum latencies of < or = 1.0 msec. Fibers fell into two classes, with the shortest latency either to condensation clicks (PUSH fibers) or to rarefaction clicks (PULL fibers). Low- frequency (800 Hz) tone bursts at moderately high sound levels (> 80 dB SPL) caused synchronization of spikes to preferred phases of the tone cycle. PUSH and PULL fibers had preferred response phases approximately 180 degrees apart. These two response classes are consistent with fibers that innervate hair cells having opposite morphological polarizations, an arrangement found in the saccule. With low-frequency tone bursts, sound levels of > or = 90 dB SPL evoked increases in mean spike rate. Spike rates increased monotonically with sound level without saturating at levels < or = 115 dB SPL. Contraction of the middle-ear muscles decreased responses to sound, consistent with the sound transmission path being through the middle ear. Several fibers were labeled with biocytin and traced. All labeled fibers had bipolar cell bodies in the inferior vestibular ganglion with peripheral processes extending toward the saccular nerve and central processes in the vestibular nerve. Two fibers were traced to the saccular epithelium. One fiber was traced centrally and arborized extensively in vestibular nuclei and a region ventromedial to the cochlear nucleus. Our results confirm and extend previous suggestions that the mammalian saccule responds to sound at frequencies and levels within the normal range of human hearing. We suggest a number of auditory roles that these fibers may play in the everyday life of mammals.

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“…The bulk of physiological and anatomical evidence indicates that the sacculus serves a vestibular function in mammals (Lorente de N6, 1933;Fluur & Mellstrom, 1970;Fernandez & Goldberg, 1976~). Nevertheless, ablation of the mammalian sacculus has not led to striking vestibular deficits (Versteegh, 1927;Igarashi & Kato, 1975). In addition, behavioral and physiological studies strongly indicate that the sacculus functions in part as a hearing organ in a number of nonmammalian species (fish, Popper & Fay, 1973;rays, Lowenstein & Roberts, 1951;toads, Moffat & Capranica, 1976).…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

Responses of Squirrel Monkey Vestibular Neurons to Audio-Frequency Sound and Head Vibration

Young¹,

Fernández²,

Goldberg³

1977

Acta Oto-Laryngologica

328

173

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A study was made of the response of peripheral vestibular neurons in the squirrel monkey to head vibration and air-borne sound in the frequency range from 50-4000 Hz. Responses were measured in terms of the phase locking of discharge and changes in firing rate. The lowest phase-locking thresholds for vibration were -70 to -80 dJ3 re 1 g , and median values in the most sensitive frequency range (200-400 Hz) were -20 to -40 dB re 1 g ; the minimum and median thresholds for sound were 76 and 120-130 dJ3 SPL, respectively. Rate-change thresholds were 1C30 dB above phase-locking thresholds. The squirrel monkey sacculus has no special sensitivity to vibration in comparison with the other vestibular endorgans; the median phase-locking threshold to sound of saccular neurons exceeded 100 dB SPL. Irregularly discharging neurons are more sensitive than regularly discharging units. Evidence is presented that the response to intense sound involves a hair-cell mechanism. Actci Ofolaryngol84 Acta Otolaryngol Downloaded from informahealthcare.com by Chinese University of Hong Kong on 02/03/15 For personal use only. Acta Otolaryngol Downloaded from informahealthcare.com by Chinese University of Hong Kong on 02/03/15 For personal use only.

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Effect of Different Vestibular Lesions upon body Equilibrium Function in Squirrel Monkeys

Cited by 22 publications

References 7 publications

Histopathology of the Peripheral Vestibular System after Cochlear Implantation in the Human

Histopathology of the Peripheral Vestibular System after Cochlear Implantation in the Human

Acoustically responsive fibers in the vestibular nerve of the cat

Responses of Squirrel Monkey Vestibular Neurons to Audio-Frequency Sound and Head Vibration

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