Effect of differential nerve block on inhibition of the monosynaptic reflex by vibration in man

Möddel, Gabriel; Best, B.; Ashby, Peter

doi:10.1136/jnnp.40.11.1066

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Both components are abolished together, beginning 8 min before extinction, and disappearing after 18-24 min of ischaemic blockade, depending on the subject. This is in good agreement with the time course reported from the same muscle by Gottlieb and co-workers (Gottlieb et al 1983) for their 'myotatic' component and with that for the abolition of the Hoffmann reflex (Magladery et al 1950;Moddel, Best & Ashby, 1977), tendon jerk response (Dietz, Schmidtbleicher & Noth, 1979) and transmission in fast sensory fibres (Kamp Neilsen & Kardel, 1974). Our finding that the P40 SEP component, which results from the fastest conducting afferents activated by peripheral nerve stimulation at the ankle (Burke et al 1981), is abolished over a similar time course is also in agreement with a study of ischaemic effects on short-latency cortical SEP peaks evoked from the arm (Yamada, Muroya & Kimura, 1981).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Changes in the short‐ and long‐latency stretch reflex components of the triceps surae muscle during ischaemia in man.

Fellows

Dömges

Töpper

et al. 1993

The Journal of Physiology

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SUMMARY1. In order to establish the afferent source responsible for the MI and M2 stretch reflex components of the voluntarily activated human triceps surae muscle, mechanical reflex testing was applied before and during ischaemic blockade of the lower limb. This procedure is known to affect large, fast conducting afferent fibres earliest, specifically Ia afferents arising from muscle spindle afferents.2. It was found that both the MI and M2 components were eliminated at the same time, at a point when the P40 peak in the somatosensory evoked potential, produced from stimulation of fast conducting peripheral afferents, was also abolished. This evidence indicates that both reflex components are mediated by information carried by muscle spindle Ia afferents.3. The MI component was selectively increased in the early stages of ischaemia. The M2 response did not increase during this period, but showed a tendency to reduce in amplitude. This effect may arise as the result of increased recruitment of motor units in the MI component reducing the number of units available for activation in the M2 response.4. These results do not support the view that the M2 reflex component of the triceps surae muscle is mediated by secondary afferent information, but indicate, rather, that both the MI and M2 components are mediated by Ia afferent information acting on spinal pathways.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Changes in the short‐ and long‐latency stretch reflex components of the triceps surae muscle during ischaemia in man.

Fellows

Dömges

Töpper

et al. 1993

The Journal of Physiology

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“…Moddel et al 1977;Jaeger et al 1982;Gottlieb et al 1983;Cody et al 1987;Davies, 1987). Conduction block induced in this manner is known to be largely ischaemic, rather than mechanical, in origin (Lewis et al 1931;Frankenhaeuser, 1949;Hayashi, Becker, White & Lee, 1987).…”

Section: Ischaemia As An Experimental Toolmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the studies of Lewis et al (1931) and Magladery et al (1950), ischaemia was induced by the application of a tourniquet to the limb, a procedure which, largely due to these studies, has become a standard method of reputedly producing a differential block of fast myelinated axons in man (Moddel, Best & Ashby, 1977;Jaeger, Gottlieb, Agarwal & Tahmoush, 1982;Gottlieb, Agarwal & Jaeger, 1983;Cody, Goodwin & Richardson, 1987;Davies, 1987). The discrepancy remains, however, that the compound action potential data of Gasser (1942), of Hershey & Wagman (1966), of Fox & Kenmore (1967) and of Dahlin et al (1989) (Fern & Harifson, 1990 After control records had been taken for 35 min a 10 ml air embolus was injected into the cephalic vein.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between ischaemic conduction failure and conduction velocity in cat myelinated axons

Fern

Harrison²

1994

Experimental Physiology

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SUMMARYUnitary action potentials have been recorded from cat spinal root filaments following electrical stimulation of hindlimb peripheral nerves. Potentials were monitored both before and during the ischaemia which follows the onset of cardiac arrest. The relationship between time to conduction failure (survival time) and initial conduction velocity was detennined for 164 nerve fibres. This revealed that during ischaemia, slow myelinated axons tend to fail before fast myelinated axons. The average survival time was 24 6 min (range 11-39 min). The results are discussed in terms of (i) the possible mechanisms underlying ischaemic conduction block,(ii) their clinical implications for the role of ischaemia in peripheral neuropathies, and (iii) using ischaemia as an experimental technique to produce a differential nerve block.

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“…In this study, a partial compression block of impulse conduction in the sciatic nerve was employed to elucidate the contribution of different-sized afferents to the reflex inhibition. Compression blocks are known to be more effective for afferent than efferent fibres (Magladery, McDougal & Stoll, 1950;Moddel, Best & Ashby, 1977) and the impulse conduction block progresses according to fibre size, with large myelinated afferents being affected first, followed by small myelinated afferents and lastly by unmyelinated afferents (Zotterman, 1933;Torebjork & Hallin, 1973;MacKenzie, Burke, Skuse & Lethlean, 1975). In the present study, if the EMG decreased during a maximal plantarflexion contraction of the fatigued soleus muscle with impulse blockade of the large afferent fibres, then the small diameter afferents would be more likely to be implicated in the reflex inhibition.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of small diameter afferents in reflex inhibition during human muscle fatigue.

Garland

1991

The Journal of Physiology

208

151

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SUMMARY1. Previous work has shown that the H reflex excitability of the human soleus motoneurones is reduced during fatigue and is accompanied by a corresponding decrease in electromyographic (EMG) activity during maximal voluntary contractions. These findings were consistent with the existence of a reflex whereby xmotoneurones are inhibited by sensory input from the fatigued muscle.2. To elucidate the contribution of different-sized afferents in such reflex inhibition, compression of the sciatic nerve was used in an attempt to block large myelinated afferents prior to fatigue. 3. Fatigue of the soleus muscle was induced under ischaemic conditions by intermittent electrical stimulation at 15 Hz in ten healthy subjects. These subjects also participated in a control test in which the compression block was followed by ischaemia without fatigue.4. Following nerve compression alone, both the mean maximal plantarflexion torque and the associated EMG for all ten subjects declined by 18-8+ 162% (S.D.) and 13 4 + 17 2 %, respectively. 5. Following fatigue, there were five subjects in whom the large afferents remained blocked and the experimental findings were consistent with the existence of reflex inhibition during fatigue. The mean maximal plantarflexion torque decreased further by 36 2 + 7 6 % from the value following the compression block compared to a decrease of 5-0 + 9-9 % in the ischaemia control. The mean EMG associated with these contractions also decreased from post-block values by 56 8 + 19-6 % following fatigue and by only 6-4 + 8-0 % following ischaemia alone.6. The peripheral excitability of the neuromuscular junction and muscle fibre membrane was adequate following fatigue as evidenced by only modest changes in the M wave (muscle compound action potential). The descending motor drive was deemed sufficient because of the absence of any large interpolated twitches superimposed upon the maximal voluntary contraction in all but two subjects.7. The declines in maximal plantarflexion torque and the associated EMG activity were very similar to those found in a previous study in which the sensory input was unaltered. The findings demonstrated that any reflex inhibition of the o-motoneurone

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Effect of differential nerve block on inhibition of the monosynaptic reflex by vibration in man

Cited by 9 publications

References 18 publications

Changes in the short‐ and long‐latency stretch reflex components of the triceps surae muscle during ischaemia in man.

Changes in the short‐ and long‐latency stretch reflex components of the triceps surae muscle during ischaemia in man.

The relationship between ischaemic conduction failure and conduction velocity in cat myelinated axons

Role of small diameter afferents in reflex inhibition during human muscle fatigue.

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