Effect of Dilute Acid and Alkali Pretreatments on the Catalytic Performance of Bamboo-Derived Carbonaceous Magnetic Solid Acid

Zhu, Yikui; Huang, Julia; Sun, Shaolong; Wu, Ai‐Min; Li, Huiling

doi:10.3390/catal9030245

Cited by 18 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The observation is in agreement with the reports by other research groups that acid treatment interferes with the overall charge of the slurry and needs a neutralization process [25,26]. Moreover, Zhu et al, 2019 reported that the pretreatment liquor from acid pretreated biomass possesses a good catalytic activity that can be recycled to obtain reducing sugars from additional cellulosic biomass [27].…”

Section: Consequence Of Bioprocessing On Nmr Analysissupporting

confidence: 90%

Implementing time-domain 1H-Nuclear Magnetic Resonance relaxometry to investigate recovery and stability of vegetative oil in bioenergy crops following feedstock preprocessing

Maitra¹,

Dien²,

Long³

2020

Preprint

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Background The bioenergy crops energycane, miscanthus and, sorghum are being genetically modified using state of the art synthetic biotechnology techniques to accumulate energy-rich molecules such as triacylglycerides (TAGs) in their vegetative cells to enhance their utility for biofuel production. Typically, measuring and analyzing vegetative lipid contents at each step of feedstock preprocessing requires tedious sample preparation and extraction with an organic solvent. In the present study, proton nuclear magnetic resonance ( 1 H-NMR) spectroscopy was successfully adapted for non-invasive and rapid quantification of vegetative oil in untreated and pretreated cellulosic biomass. Results We show that the establishment of a precise and specific NMR calibration for each biomass with a distinct oil composition is key for accurate quantification of vegetative oil. The values obtained with 1 H-NMR were validated using a conventional solvent extraction method and cross-referenced values were within 10% deviation. 1 H-NMR relaxation time distribution provided insight into the proton environment associated with the vegetative oil in the biomass. T1T2 correlation spectra resolved two distinct populations of proton molecules based on their ‘molecular tumbling’ rate. The population of protons with short and long relaxation times was characterized as bound and free oil in the biomass sample, respectively. Besides, we show that biomass pretreated with two-staged hydrothermal and mechanical pretreatment can be directly used for NMR analysis unlike dilute acid and alkaline pretreated biomass which needs an additional step for neutralization of sample. Conclusion Time-domain 1 H-NMR provides a chemical-free and one-step analysis of in situ vegetative oil in transgenic cellulosic biomass. T1T2 correlation spectra facilitated the resolution of the influence of various pretreatment procedures typical of cellulosic bioprocessing on the chemical composition of molecular and local 1 H population in each sample, hence yield information on the stability and oil recovery subsequent to each step of feedstock preprocessing.

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Section: Consequence Of Bioprocessing On Nmr Analysissupporting

confidence: 90%

Implementing time-domain 1H-Nuclear Magnetic Resonance relaxometry to investigate recovery and stability of vegetative oil in bioenergy crops following feedstock preprocessing

Maitra¹,

Dien²,

Long³

2020

Preprint

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“…However, they are not appropriate for a scale-up process due to high capital cost and pressure [61,62]. Diluted acid pretreatment helps in easy sugar conversion and it reduces the damage to equipment by corrosion; however, it has a longer reaction time [63]. Other pretreatments, such as the Soxhlet and Soxhlet-liquid (two-stage) pretreatment, are time-consuming, which could be a bottleneck.…”

Section: Summary Of Pretreatment Of Orange Peelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved Sugar Recovery from Orange Peel by Statistical Optimization of Thermo-Alkaline Pretreatment

2021

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Orange peel, which is a by-product of oranges, contains carbohydrates that can be converted into sugars and used in the fermentation process. In this study, the thermal alkaline pretreatment process was chosen because of its simplicity and lesser reaction time. In addition, the reaction factors were optimized using response surface methodology. The determined optimal conditions were as follows: 60.1 g/L orange peels loading, 3% KOH and 30 min. Under the optimal conditions, glucan content (GC) and enzymatic digestibility (ED) were found to be 32.8% and 87.8%, respectively. Enzymatic hydrolysis was performed with pretreated and non-pretreated orange peels using three types of enzyme complex (cellulase, cellobiase and xylanase). The minimum concentrations of enzyme complex required to obtain maximum ED were 30 FPU (filter paper unit), 15 CBU (cellobiase unit), and 30 XNU (xylanase unit) based on 1 g-biomass. Additionally, ED of the treated group was approximately 3.7-fold higher than that of the control group. In conclusion, the use of orange peel as a feedstock for biorefinery can be a strategic solution to reduce wastage of resources and produce sustainable bioproducts.

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“…They aimed at improving the efficiency of the hydrolysis of the polysaccharides [11][12][13] to release second-generation sugars (xylose and glucose), furfural, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), levulinic acid (LA) and formic acid (FA) [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. A large number of pretreatments were reported in the literature employing mineral acids [22][23][24], inorganic salts [25,26], alkaline solutions [23,27], ionic liquids [28,29], and organosolv [30,31], in addition to physico-chemical techniques, such as steam explosion [32]. The choice of suitable pretreatment strongly depends on the biomass fraction that should be exploited and on the target products.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-Step Exploitation of Raw Arundo donax L. for the Selective Synthesis of Second-Generation Sugars by Chemical and Biological Route

et al. 2020

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Lignocellulosic biomass represents one of the most important feedstocks for future biorefineries, being a precursor of valuable bio-products, obtainable through both chemical and biological conversion routes. Lignocellulosic biomass has a complex matrix, which requires the careful development of multi-step approaches for its complete exploitation to value-added compounds. Based on this perspective, the present work focuses on the valorization of hemicellulose and cellulose fractionsof giant reed (Arundo donax L.) to give second-generation sugars, minimizing the formation of reaction by-products. The conversion of hemicellulose to xylose was undertaken in the presence of the heterogeneous acid catalyst Amberlyst-70 under microwave irradiation. The effect of the main reaction parameters, such as temperature, reaction time, catalyst, and biomass loadings on sugars yield was studied, developing a high gravity approach. Under the optimised reaction conditions (17 wt% Arundo donax L. loading, 160 °C, Amberlyst-70/Arundo donax L. weight ratio 0.2 wt/wt), the xylose yield was 96.3 mol%. In the second step, the cellulose-rich solid residue was exploited through the chemical or enzymatic route, obtaining glucose yields of 32.5 and 56.2 mol%, respectively. This work proves the efficiency of this innovative combination of chemical and biological catalytic approaches, for the selective conversion of hemicellulose and cellulose fractions of Arundo donax L. to versatile platform products.

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Effect of Dilute Acid and Alkali Pretreatments on the Catalytic Performance of Bamboo-Derived Carbonaceous Magnetic Solid Acid

Cited by 18 publications

References 32 publications

Implementing time-domain 1H-Nuclear Magnetic Resonance relaxometry to investigate recovery and stability of vegetative oil in bioenergy crops following feedstock preprocessing

Implementing time-domain 1H-Nuclear Magnetic Resonance relaxometry to investigate recovery and stability of vegetative oil in bioenergy crops following feedstock preprocessing

Improved Sugar Recovery from Orange Peel by Statistical Optimization of Thermo-Alkaline Pretreatment

Multi-Step Exploitation of Raw Arundo donax L. for the Selective Synthesis of Second-Generation Sugars by Chemical and Biological Route

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