Effect of Diode Laser Office Bleaching on Mineral Content and Surface Topography of Enamel Surface: An SEM Study

Abstract

A bstract Aim To assess the effects of different bleaching procedures on the mineral component and surface topography of the enamel using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDX). Materials and methods Forty samples of approximately 3 × 3 mm size from the coronal portion of 20 extracted human anterior teeth were obtained. The samples were divided into two control groups and three experimental groups. In group I or positive control ( n = 5), no bleaching or phosphoric acid treatment to the enamel surface was done. Group II samples or negative co n trols ( n = 5) were treated with 37% phosphoric acid. In group III ( n = 10), the tooth was treated with 35% hydrogen peroxide (HP) without any activation. Group IV ( n = 10) was treated with 37.5% HP with LED light activation a n d group V ( n = 10) was treated with 45% HP with diode laser activation. The calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) levels of each sample were measured using an EDX system prior to bleaching treatments. All the samples were again subjected to the EDX analysis after the bleaching treatment and two samples (after EDX analysis) from each group were subjected to the SEM analysis. Result No significant difference was seen in phosphorus levels before and after the bleaching. However, significant increase in calcium levels was observed after bleaching activated with LASER and LED light. The SEM observations revealed maximum surface alterations on the enamel after chemically activated bleaching. Conclusion The LASER-activated bleaching agent seems to be more surface-friendly and less time-consuming as compared to other bleaching systems. How to cite this article Suresh S, Navit S, Khan SA, et al. Effect of Diode Laser Office Bleaching on Mineral Content and Surface Topography of Enamel Surface: An SEM Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2020;13(5):481–485.

Comparative Evaluation of Influence of Nd:YAG Laser (1064 nm) and 980 nm Diode Laser on Enamel around Orthodontic Brackets: An In Vitro Study

“…In the context of the shortcomings of fixed orthodontic treatments, in terms of the effects on enamel as well as the methods to prevent early demineralization (assisted or not by laser therapy), the aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the effects of two wavelengths on the enamel surface morphology and chemical composition of enamel adjacent to orthodontic brackets. For this study, we selected the 980 nm and 1064 nm wavelengths from considering reports from the literature with positive results in terms of increasing enamel resistance [ 18 , 32 , 33 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 ]. The assessment of enamel surface morphology before and after the experimental procedure and chemical composition analysis of the tested areas near the brackets were carried out through scanning electron microscopy and elemental analysis X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDX) using an FEI Quanta FEG 250 instrument (SEM-EDX, Type Quanta 250 FEG, Model No 1027641, FEI company, Brno, 62700, Czech Republic).…”

“…It is well known that increases in Ca wt% and P wt% increase the resistance of enamel to dissolution [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 33 , 37 , 39 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 ]; however, the mean of oxygen wt% before and after irradiation for both wavelengths were about the same, while that for carbon was lower after irradiation with both lasers. The content of carbon in teeth can be correlated with various factors, such as enamel maturity, dietary intake, caries susceptibility, and the hypoplastic status of the enamel [ 32 ].…”