Effect of direct peroxide bleach application to bovine dentin on flexural strength and modulus in vitro

Tam, Laura E.; Lim, M. Y.; Khanna, Swati

doi:10.1016/j.jdent.2004.10.022

Cited by 25 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…However, the findings of the present study showed that the evaluated protocols did not affect the fracture strength of the teeth. These results corroborate those of a previous study (18) that evaluated the flexural strength and modulus of elasticity of bovine teeth bleached with 10% CP during 6 h/day within a 14-day period. Conversely, Khoroushi et al (19) verified that the fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth decreases after bleaching with different HP bleaching protocols.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Ex-vivo evaluation of the intrapulpal temperature variation and fracture strength in teeth subjected to different external bleaching protocols

et al. 2011

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This study evaluated the influence of bleaching protocols on intrapulpal temperature and fracture strength of the bleached teeth. Ninety maxillary incisors were assigned to 9 groups (n=10): G1: 35% carbamide peroxide (35% CP), G2: 38% hydrogen peroxide (38% HP), G3: halogen light, G4: LED-laser, G5: 35% CP + halogen light, G6: 38% HP + halogen light, G7: 35% CP + LED-laser, G8: 38% HP + LED-laser, and G9: no treatment (control). Pulp space was widened, a thermocouple was introduced through the apex up to the pulp chamber and the temperature was recorded (°C). The fracture strength (kN) was determined using an Instron machine. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey's test (p<0.05). The halogen light alone (1.10 ± 0.24) (G3) and associated with 38% HP (1.15 ± 0.30) (G6) produced the highest temperature increase, statistically different (p<0.05) from the other groups. G1 (0.15 ± 0.06) and G6 (0.19 ± 0.07) produced the lowest values, statistically different (p<0.05) from G5 (0.65 ± 0.49). The bleaching protocols increased the temperature, but no increment exceeded the critical value of 5.6°C. Neither 35% CP nor 38% HP or the light sources alone altered the fracture strength of the teeth.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Ex-vivo evaluation of the intrapulpal temperature variation and fracture strength in teeth subjected to different external bleaching protocols

et al. 2011

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“…17 However, some factors, such as the enamel thickness, existence of enamel fractures and cracks, permeability, and direction of the dentinal tubules, influence the diffusion of bleaching agents through dentin. 12 Peroxide treatment may alter the chemical structure of dentin, reduce the potassium levels and affect the Calcium-potassium ratio. 7,8 Thus, some manufactures of bleaching agents have added calcium and fluoride to the agents.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…10 Several studies have evaluated the mechanical properties of bleached dentin. 2,11,12 For example, Berger et al 11 evaluated the effect of bleaching agents used at different peroxide concentrations and compositions on the elastic modulus of demineralized bovine dentin. Tam et al 13 determined the effects of direct and indirect CP bleaching on the flexural strength and elastic modulus of dentin.…”

Section: 4mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Bleaching Agents on the Flexural Strength of Bovine Dentin

Berger

Pazenhagen

Martinelli

et al. 2014

The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of bleaching on the flexural strength of bovine dentin, using bleaching agents containing calcium (Whiteness HP Blue and Whiteness Class) and not containing calcium (Whiteness HP and Whiteness Perfect). Sixty bovine incisor tooth slices were obtained and divided into five experimental groups (n = 12), such as G1, untreated control group; G2, Whiteness HP Max [35% hydrogen peroxide (HP)]; G3, Whiteness HP Blue (35% HP); G4, Whiteness Class (7.5% HP) and G5, Whiteness Perfect (22% carbamide peroxide). Samples were submitted to bleaching treatment according to the manufacturers' instructions. The control group remained in artificial saliva during bleaching. After bleaching, the enamel was removed and dentin specimens (7 mm length × 1.7 mm width × 0.5 mm thickness) were prepared. Samples were tested in a universal testing machine (EMIC). Data were analyzed by analysis variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's test. Differences between the groups were identified by ANOVA. The mean values (± standard deviation) for the experimental groups, such as (in MPa) G1 = 19.05 ± 2.68 a; G2 = 12.69 ± 4.52 b; G3 = 16.39 ± 3.74 ab; G4 = 14.90 ± 5.60 ab; and G5 = 12.71 ± 2.25 b. Groups with the same lowercase letter were significantly different from each other. The presence of calcium in bleaching agents appeared to influence the flexural strength of bovine dentin after bleaching treatment, for both office bleaching (35% HP) and home bleaching (7.5% HP).

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“…29 Therefore, it is useful to perform a thorough analysis of the outcomes of the available studies with regard to the potential adverse effects of bleaching therapy.…”

Section: Fig 2 Absorption Spectrum Of Whiteness Hp Maxx (Hpm)mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Thermal Investigation of Dental Bleaching In Vitro

Kabbach

Zezéll

Pereira

et al. 2008

Photomedicine and Laser Surgery

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Objective: Our goal was to investigate the surface temperature variations in the cervical region via infrared thermography, as well as the temperature within the pulp chamber via thermocouples, of mandibular incisors when subjected to dental bleaching using two different 35% hydrogen peroxide gels, red (HP) and green (HPM), when activated by halogen light (HL) and LED light. Background Data: Temperatures increases of more than 5.5°C are considered to be potentially threatening to pulp vitality, while those higher than 10°C can result in periodontal injury. Materials and Methods: Tooth samples were randomly divided into four groups (n ϭ 10 each), according to the bleaching agent and catalyst light source used. Results: Mean values and standard deviations of the temperature increases inside the pulp chamber in the HL groups were 4.4°Ϯ 2.1°C with HP, and 4.5°Ϯ 1.2°C with HPM; whereas in the groups using LED light, they were 1.4°Ϯ 0.3°C for HP, and 1.5°Ϯ 0.2°C for HPM. For the root surfaces, the maximum temperature increases in the groups irradiated with HL were 6.5°Ϯ 1.5°C for HP, and 7.5°Ϯ 1.1°C with HPM; whereas in the groups irradiated with LED light, they were 2.8°Ϯ 0.7°C with HP, and 3°Ϯ 0.8°C with HPM. There were no statistically significant differences in pulp and surface temperature increases between the groups using different gels, although the mean temperature increases were significantly higher for the groups irradiated with HL when compared with those irradiated with the LED light (p Ͻ 0.05 with Tukey's test). Conclusion: LED light may be safe for periodontal and pulp tissue when using this method, but HL should be used with care.

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Effect of direct peroxide bleach application to bovine dentin on flexural strength and modulus in vitro

Cited by 25 publications

References 24 publications

Ex-vivo evaluation of the intrapulpal temperature variation and fracture strength in teeth subjected to different external bleaching protocols

Ex-vivo evaluation of the intrapulpal temperature variation and fracture strength in teeth subjected to different external bleaching protocols

Effect of Bleaching Agents on the Flexural Strength of Bovine Dentin

A Thermal Investigation of Dental Bleaching In Vitro

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