Wheat has a harder skin than rice and adheres strongly to the endosperm, making it difficult to remove. For this reason, the grains are crushed to remove the hard rind and made into flour. Humans wanted white flour and advanced the milling technology to remove wheat husks, resulting in fairly white flour. However, it did not turn white any more. This is a story from ancient Egypt, Greece, and Roman times. Ancient people wanted to eat white bread and white cake. Since ancient times, how to make flour white has been a big problem. Furthermore, the bleaching effect by the drug was performed, and more specifically, the bleaching (chlorination) effect by chlorine gas. Degradation of the carotenoid pigment lutein in wheat flour. Bleaching with flour chlorination was effective. For more than 97 years, the effect of chlorine gas on soft wheat flour has been improved in the United States [1]. In addition to bleaching effects, chlorination was also found to improve cake quality. The cake volume was improved, the texture was uniform, the cake was white in color, the cake shape was uniform, and the texture was good [2-6]. Fruit holding in the cake also occurred [7]. The effects of chlorination on wheat flour are diverse, and studies have been conducted on wheat protein [8], starch [9] lipids [10,11], pentosan [12], water absorption [13], and lipophilicity [14]. The effect on all flours was shown by chlorination [15].
Birth of hot cake (a kind of pancake)About 60 years ago, when hot cakes were born, the Japanese diet was still the same, and it was a low-calorie, low-calorie Japanese food such as rice, pickled radish, pickled plums, and dried fish. It's no wonder that mothers want to see foreign movies and want their children to eat cakes that have just been baked in the oven. But in Japan, the oven is not in the kitchen. One is a frying pan. At that time, a hot cake that was quickly baked using this frying pan and eaten while hot was invented. But this hot cake was poor in cake suitability and immediately became a dumpling in the oral cavity and lost its tissue elasticity. At that time, flour was chlorinated overseas. The introduction of this method was