Effect of E-Cigarettes on Airway Epithelial Ion Transport and Implications for Mucociliary Clearance Defense

Fain, Matthew; Raju, Vamsee; Lin, Vivian; Tang, Li; Fernandez, Courtney M.; Mazur, Marina; Blalock, J. Edwin; Jackson, Patricia L.; Rowe, Steven M.

doi:10.1378/chest.2280401

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Dehydration of the respiratory airways due to the hygroscopic nature of aerosolized propylene glycol, could also explain the compensatory salivation observed in Beagle dogs exposed to long-term inhalation of aerosolized propylene glycol (Niven et al, 2011 ). On the other hand, Fain et al ( 2015 ) demonstrate that exposure of cultured Calu-3 airway epithelial cells to both aerosolized and unaerosolized vegetable glycerin (another major component of E-liquid) inhibit CFTR-dependent ion transport. It is likely that the presence of nicotine (Grosche et al, 2016 ) or specific flavorings (Sherwood and Boitano, 2016 ) in the E-liquid inhibit CFTR function to varying degrees.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Electronic Cigarette (ECIG)-Generated Aerosol and Conventional Cigarette Smoke on the Mucociliary Transport Velocity (MTV) Using the Bullfrog (R. catesbiana) Palate Paradigm

et al. 2017

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Background: While ECIGs are under scrutiny concerning safety, particularly in reference to the physiological impact that aerosolized ECIG liquid (E-liquid) may have on respiratory tissues, others believe that ECIGs are a “Harm Reduction” alternative to conventional cigarettes. Previous studies investigating ciliated respiratory epithelium indicate that smoking shortens cilia length, reduces cilia beat frequency and disrupts respiratory epithelium, which most likely contributes to the inhibition of mucocilliary clearance. Monitoring mucous clearance of respiratory tissues exposed to ECIG-generated aerosol or conventional cigarette smoke, as indexed by mucous transport velocity (MTV), is one way to gauge the impact aerosol and smoke have on the respiratory tract. Therefore, we designed an experiment to test the effect of ECIG-generated aerosol and smoke on MTV using the frog palate paradigm.Methods: Peristaltic pumps transport ECIG-generated aerosol and conventional cigarette smoke into custom-made chambers containing excised bullfrog palates. MTVs were determined before exposure, immediately after exposure and approximately 1 day following exposure. MTVs were also determined (at the same time points) for palates exposed to air (control). Surface and cross sectional SEM images of palates from all three groups were obtained to support MTV data.Results: The results indicate that ECIG-generated aerosol has a modest inhibitory effect (p < 0.05) on MTV 1 day post-exposure (0.09 ± 0.01) compared to control MTV (0.16 ± 0.03 mm/s). In contrast, smoke completely inhibits MTV from 0.14 ± 0.03 mm/s immediately before exposure to 0.00 mm/sec immediately after exposure and the MTV is unable to recover 1 day later. SEM images of control palates and palates exposed to ECIG-generated aerosol both show cilia throughout their epithelial surface, while some areas of palates exposed to smoke are completely devoid of cilia. Additionally, the epithelial thickness of aerosol-exposed palates appears thicker than control palates while smoke-exposed palates appear to be thinner due to epithelial disruption.Conclusions: These results indicate that ECIG-generated aerosol has only a modest effect on mucocilary clearance of bullfrog palates and aerosol sedimentation accounts for epithelial thickening. In accordance with the primary literature, conventional cigarette smoke dramatically inhibits mucociliary clearance and is, in part, due to decreased number of cilia and disruption of the smoke-exposed epithelium.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Electronic Cigarette (ECIG)-Generated Aerosol and Conventional Cigarette Smoke on the Mucociliary Transport Velocity (MTV) Using the Bullfrog (R. catesbiana) Palate Paradigm

et al. 2017

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“…La exposición de células del epitelio respiratorio al aerosol de los CE produce alteración en el transporte de iones a nivel de estas células, por inhibición de la función del regulador de la conductancia transmembrana de la fibrosis quística (CFTR) inducida por la acroleína (45) .…”

Section: Célulasunclassified

El cigarrillo electrónico: un problema de salud pública emergente

Accinelli

Lam

Tafur

2020

Rev Peru Med Exp Salud Publica

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Desde el 2004 se dispone del cigarrillo electrónico (CE), dispositivo que calienta nicotina y la administra formando parte de un vapor. Presentamos una revisión narrativa del CE y su efecto en la salud. Su uso es para dejar de fumar, en lo que la evidencia es baja, terminando usándolo a la vez que el cigarrillo que no pudieron dejar. Además, los que nunca fumaron, principalmente adolescentes y jóvenes, se inician en su consumo. Su uso eleva en el aire los niveles de nicotina, partículas, compuestos orgánicos volátiles, hidrocarburos aromáticos policíclicos, carbonilos y metales como aluminio. In vitro el CE causa inflamación, estrés oxidativo y es tóxico para múltiples tipos de células, incluyendo células pulmonares, endoteliales y células madre. Produce incremento de la susceptibilidad a infecciones virales y bacterianas. Comparado con cigarrillos, el CE produce un número mayor y más intenso de genes suprimidos. A la broncoscopia las vías aéreas están friables y eritematosas, y el epitelio bronquial con expresión diferenciada de proteínas. Se le ha asociado con tos, síntomas de bronquitis y con la epidemia de insuficiencia respiratoria por neumonitis que ha llevado a varias decenas de personas a la muerte. Por sus efectos dañinos el CE debería solo usarse por prescripción médica, como una medida para ayudar a dejar el tabaco, y estar prohibido su uso en interiores y ambientes públicos. Como no se han determinado los componentes del CE responsables de las muertes asociadas, su uso debería ser proscrito hasta que se conozcan cuáles son estos factores.

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La cigarette électronique, la panacée high-tech du sevrage tabagique?

Georges

2015

Revue des Maladies Respiratoires Actualités

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Effect of E-Cigarettes on Airway Epithelial Ion Transport and Implications for Mucociliary Clearance Defense

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

The Effects of Electronic Cigarette (ECIG)-Generated Aerosol and Conventional Cigarette Smoke on the Mucociliary Transport Velocity (MTV) Using the Bullfrog (R. catesbiana) Palate Paradigm

The Effects of Electronic Cigarette (ECIG)-Generated Aerosol and Conventional Cigarette Smoke on the Mucociliary Transport Velocity (MTV) Using the Bullfrog (R. catesbiana) Palate Paradigm

El cigarrillo electrónico: un problema de salud pública emergente

La cigarette électronique, la panacée high-tech du sevrage tabagique?

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