Effect of Early Feed Restriction and Realimentation on Heat Production and Changes in Sizes of Digestive Organs of Male Broilers

Zubair, A. K.; Leeson, S.

doi:10.3382/ps.0730529

Cited by 65 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Our study showed that 30% feed energy restriction significantly increased the feed conversion efficiency (gain/ feed) of broilers, and it effectively slowed down the decreasing speed of the relative weight gain and feed efficiency of broilers along with the age, which was in accordance with the phenomenon that feed energy restriction significantly promoted the development of chicken digestive system (Zubair and Leeson, 1994). We also found that at the early stage (18∼30 d and 31∼39 d), the relative daily gain and feed efficiency of ER broilers was lower than those of AL broilers, but at latter stage, the relative daily gain and feed efficiency of ER broilers (after 3 weeks' energy restriction) significantly exceeded those of AL broilers.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Effect of Energy Restriction on Growth, Slaughter Performance,Serum Biochemical Parameters and Lpin2/WDTC1/mRNA Expressionof Broilers in the Later Phase

et al. 2012

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Fifty 18-day-old broilers were used to investigate the effects of 30% energy restriction from 18∼48 d on growth and slaughter performance, serum biochemical parameters, and gene expression of WDTC1 and Lpin2 in hepatic tissue. Fifty 18-day-old Arbor Acres female broilers were randomly divided to ad libitum group (control) and energy restriction group (experimental) and housed individually. The ad libitum group broilers were fed ad libitum with control diet, while energy restriction broilers were subjected to 30% metabolizable energy restriction (the supply of other nutrients was the same as that of ad libitum broilers). The results showed that: (1) Energy restriction significantly increased the feed efficiency (gain/feed) of birds. The average daily gain, the relative weight gain and the feed efficiency of energy restriction broilers were lower than that of ad libitum broilers during the earlier stage of the experiment (from 18∼39 d). While at latter stage of experiment (from 40∼48 d), the average daily gain, the relative weight gain and the feed efficiency of energy restriction broilers were higher than that of ad libitum broilers. (2) Energy restriction significantly reduced the abdominal fat ratio and the subcutaneous fat thickness, increased the muscle stomach weight, muscle stomach ratio, glandular stomach ratio, pancreas ratio, spleen ratio and the bursa of Fabricius ratio. There was no significant difference in leg muscle ratio and breast muscle ratio between control and experimental groups. (3) Energy restriction significantly increased serum superoxide dismutase, alkaline phosphatase, and serum uric acid, decreased serum total cholesterol, high-density lipids, malondialdehyde, lactate dehydrogenase and blood urea nitrogen. (4) Energy restriction significantly elevated Lpin2 expression level in hepatic tissue, whereas it did not significantly affect the expression of chicken WDTC1 gene in hepatic tissue.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Effect of Energy Restriction on Growth, Slaughter Performance,Serum Biochemical Parameters and Lpin2/WDTC1/mRNA Expressionof Broilers in the Later Phase

et al. 2012

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“…An improved feed efficiency of broiler chickens from 0 to 21 days after a period of feed restriction was found not to be related to a lowered maintenance requirement nor continued lower metabolic rate as a consequence of feed restriction. However, a higher metabolizable energy intake as a result of a higher feed intake relative to body size, does improve feed efficiency (Zubair and Leeson, 1994). In the current experiment, an interaction was found for mortality rate from 0 to 28 days between feed access and pre-starter composition, although this was primarily caused by differences between direct and delayed fed chickens that were fed the control pre-starter diet.…”

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confidence: 99%

Effects of feed access after hatch and inclusion of fish oil and medium chain fatty acids in a pre-starter diet on broiler chicken growth performance and humoral immunity

Lamot

Klein

Linde

et al. 2016

animal

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Delayed feed and water access is known to impair growth performance of day old broiler chickens. Although effects of feed access on growth performance and immune function of broilers have been examined before, effects of dietary composition and its potential interaction with feed access are hardly investigated. This experiment aimed to determine whether moment of first feed and water access after hatch and pre-starter composition (0 to 7 days) affect growth rate and humoral immune function in broiler chickens. Direct fed chickens received feed and water directly after placement in the grow-out facility, whilst delayed fed chickens only after 48 h. Direct and delayed fed chickens received a control pre-starter diet, or a diet containing medium chain fatty acids (MCFA) or fish oil. At 21 days, chickens were immunized by injection of sheep red blood cells. The mortality rate depended on an interaction between feed access and pre-starter composition ( P = 0.014). Chickens with direct feed access fed the control pre-starter diet had a higher risk for mortality than chickens with delayed feed access fed the control pre-starter diet (16.4% v. 4.2%) whereas the other treatment groups were in-between. BW gain and feed intake till 25 days in direct fed chickens were higher compared with delayed fed chickens, whilst gain to feed ratio was lower. Within the direct fed chickens, the control prestarter diet resulted in the highest BW at 28 days and the MCFA pre-starter diet the lowest (Δ = 2.4%), whereas this was opposite for delayed fed chickens (Δ = 3.0%; P = 0.033). Provision of MCFA resulted in a 4.6% higher BW gain and a higher gain to feed ratio compared with other pre-starter diets, but only during the period it was provided (2 to 7 days). Minor treatment effects were found for humoral immune response by measuring immunoglobulins, agglutination titers, interferon gamma (IFN-γ), and complement activity. Concluding, current inclusion levels of fish oil (5 g/kg) and MCFA (30 g/kg) in the pre-starter diet appear to have limited (carryover) effects on growth and development, as well as on humoral immune function.

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“…Feed restriction has been well investigated in poultry production to improved the feed efficiency and decreasing the breeding cost (Zubair and Leeson, 1994). Although early feed restriction reduces growth performance, compensatory growth in the re-feeding period will be attained to acceleration organism growth to reach the normal weight (Hornick et al, 2000).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early Diet Dilution with 40% Rice Hull Induces Lower Body Fat and Lipid Metabolic Programming in Peking Ducks

Guo¹,

Fang²,

Li-ping³

2013

Korean Journal for Food Science of Animal Resources

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This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of early diet dilution with 40% rice hull on growth performance, carcass characteristic and composition of meat-type ducks, and to reveal the possible mechanism for decreased body fat deposition. 160 1-day-old White Peking ducks with initial body weight of 44.5±1.0 g were allotted to two treatments with 8 replicate pens per treatment and 10 ducks per pen (5 male and 5 female). Ducks were fed with the experimental starter diets diluted with 0% (control, RH0), 40% rice hull (RH40) during 8 to 14 d of age, respectively. Thereafter, all ducks were fed with grower diet. Ducks fed with RH40 diet from 8 to 14 d of age increased (p<0.05) feed intake, decreased (p<0.05) body weight, body weight gain and adjusted feed intake (excluded rice hull), abdominal fat, skin with fat, and fat content in carcass, and reduced (p<0.05) activities of hepatic malic dehydrogenase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and fatty acid synthetase. When diet dilution was withdrawn in the re-fed period from 15 to 42 d of age, full compensatory growth of body weight, breast meat and leg meat weight were attained. However, ducks were still less (p<0.05) carcass fat content and showed continually lower (p<0.05) hepatic lipogenic enzyme activities at the market age in RH40 ducks than the control. These results indicated that diluting diet with 40% rice hull during 8 to 14 d of age might be a suitable method to improve feed efficiency, and to reduce carcass fat deposition in the production of meat-type ducks.

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Effect of Early Feed Restriction and Realimentation on Heat Production and Changes in Sizes of Digestive Organs of Male Broilers

Cited by 65 publications

References 28 publications

Effect of Energy Restriction on Growth, Slaughter Performance,Serum Biochemical Parameters and Lpin2/WDTC1/mRNA Expressionof Broilers in the Later Phase

Effect of Energy Restriction on Growth, Slaughter Performance,Serum Biochemical Parameters and Lpin2/WDTC1/mRNA Expressionof Broilers in the Later Phase

Effects of feed access after hatch and inclusion of fish oil and medium chain fatty acids in a pre-starter diet on broiler chicken growth performance and humoral immunity

Early Diet Dilution with 40% Rice Hull Induces Lower Body Fat and Lipid Metabolic Programming in Peking Ducks

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