Effect of eicosapentaenoic acid ethyl ester on hypothyroid function

Miyamoto, Masaki; Oda, Naohisa; Miura, Naoya; Imamura, Shigeo; Yamamoto, Katsunobu; Kato, Toshiaki; Fujiwara, Kentaro; Sawai, Yoshikuni; Iwase, Katsumi; Nagasaka, Akio; Itoh, Mitsuyasu

doi:10.1677/joe.0.1710259

Cited by 17 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Moreover, the present study showed that omega-3 treated rats had a significant increase in T3 level and a significant decrease in TSH level as compared to the hypothyroid group. These results agreed with Makino et al (35) who remarked that omega-3 supplementation to hypothyroid rats prevents the decrease in plasma T3 and T4 levels and prevents the increase in TSH level. This may be due to that omega-3 modulates TSH receptor, its binding ability to TSH and adenylate cyclase system (35).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…These results agreed with Makino et al (35) who remarked that omega-3 supplementation to hypothyroid rats prevents the decrease in plasma T3 and T4 levels and prevents the increase in TSH level. This may be due to that omega-3 modulates TSH receptor, its binding ability to TSH and adenylate cyclase system (35). The reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated oxidative damage was suggested to play an important role in the manifestations of hypothyroidism (39).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

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The effect of omega-3 on cognition in hypothyroid adult male rats

Allah¹,

Gomaa²,

Sayed³

2014

Acta Physiologica Hungarica

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Thyroid hormones and omega-3 are essential for normal brain functions. Recent studies have suggested that omega-3 may protect against the risk of dementia. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of hypothyroidism on spatial learning and memory in adult male rats, the underlying mechanisms and the possible therapeutic value of omega-3 supplementation. Thirty male rats were divided into three groups; control, hypothyroid and omega-3 treated. Hypothyroidism induced significant deficits in working and reference memories in radial arm maze, retention deficits in passive avoidance test and impaired intermediate and long-term memories in novel object recognition test. Serum total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and hippocampal serotonin and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) levels were decreased in the hypothyroid group as compared to the control group. Moreover, the hippocampus of hypothyroid rats showed marked structural changes as diffuse vacuolar degeneration and distortion of the pyramidal cells. Immunohistochemistry showed that the expression of Cav1.2 (the voltage dependent LTCC alpha 1c subunit) protein was increased in the hypothyroid group as compared to the control group. Omega-3 supplementation ameliorated memory deficits, increased TAC, decreased the structural changes and decreased the expression of Cav1.2 protein. In conclusion omega-3 could be useful as a neuroprotective agent against hypothyroidism-induced cognitive impairment.Keywords: hypothyroidism, cognition, omega-3, Cav1.2, GABA and serotonin Thyroid hormones play an important role in the development and the normal function of CNS by different mechanisms. They regulate synaptic transmission (15), modulate the synthesis and turnover of neurotransmitters and modify the sensitivity of their receptors (42, 51). They modulate signal transduction pathways in the CNS through Ca 2+ channels. L-type voltagesensitive Ca 2+ (Cav) channel (L-VSCC) mediates long lasting Ca 2+ currents (55) that play important roles in neurotransmitters release, second messenger cascades and gene regulation (28). L-VSCCs localize prominently on neuronal cell bodies and proximal dendrites (24). They consist of five subunits: α1, α2, β, γ and δ (40); α1 subunit is the ion-conducting pore and contains the binding sites for dihydropyridine (9). There are two different L-VSCC α1 subunits: α1C (Cav1.2) and α1D (Cav1.3) (47). Growing evidence has suggested that excessive Ca 2+ influx through L-VSCCs may be detrimental to memory (55). Moreover, L-VSCC currents were reported to be increased in the hippocampus of aged rats and rabbits and thus, had been implicated in aged-related memory deficits (50). Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), including docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) are major components of neuronal membranes and have a wide range of functions including neural growth (18), neuroprotection and modulation of

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

The effect of omega-3 on cognition in hypothyroid adult male rats

Allah¹,

Gomaa²,

Sayed³

2014

Acta Physiologica Hungarica

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“…A raised plasma concentration of TSH was found in rats fed diets enriched in C22:6 compared with animals on a diet supplemented with AA or a standard diet (Clandinin et al, 1998). Stimulating effects of n-3 polyunsaturated FA have also been observed for other elements of HPT axis activity such as transthyretin expression in the brain (Puskas et al, 2003) and thyrocyte proliferation (Makino et al, 2001). However, other results also suggest the involvement of PUFA n-6 in the stimulation of thyroid activity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Thyroid hormone metabolism may depend on dietary fat

Lachowicz¹,

Koszela-Piotrowska²,

Rosołowska-Huszcz³

2008

J. Anim. Feed Sci.

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The effect of dietary fat level and composition on the activities of enzymes involved in thyroid hormone metabolism: thyroid peroxidase (TPO) and hepatic type I deiodinase (DI) were investigated. Male Wistar rats weighing on average 277 g (SEM=4.23 g) received different levels (w/w 5%-LF, 10%-MF, 20%-HF) and types of dietary fat (sunfl ower oil -group S, rape seed oil -R and palm oil -P) over a three weeks. TPO rose with fat intake in group R and declined in groups S and P. Hepatic DI activity was not affected by dietary fat composition, but was infl uenced by fat level, decreasing as fat intake increased. The infl uences of dietary fat level and composition on thyroid physiology are interdependent. TPO and DI activity seem to respond in a differentiated manner to changes in the amount and type of fatty acids consumed.

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“…Unsaturated fatty acids have been shown to possibly prevent hypothyroidism. [71] The thyroidic activity of argan oil has been evaluated in a cohort study performed on 149 euthyroidic volunteers consuming non-iodised salt by measuring plasmatic concentrations of free tri-iodothyronine (FT3), tetra-iodothyronine (FT4) and thyroid stimulating hormone. This study evidenced that no activity on hypothyroidism could be expected from argan oil dietary supplementation.…”

Section: Influence On Thyroid Hormone Profilementioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic potential of argan oil: a review

Monfalouti

Guillaume

Denhez

et al. 2010

Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology

140

102

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Objectives The therapeutic benefits of argan oil consumption have been claimed by natives of Morocco and explorers for more than eight centuries. However, argan oil has remained unresearched for a long time. Traditionally, argan oil has been well known for its cardioprotective properties and it is also used in the treatment of skin infections. Argan oil is principally composed of mono-unsaturated (up to 80%) and saturated (up to 20%) fatty acids. As minor components, it contains polyphenols, tocopherols, sterols, squalene, and triterpene alcohols. Together with the mono-unsaturated fatty acids, these minor components are likely to be responsible for its beneficial effects. This review aims to present an overview of the known pharmacological properties of argan oil. Key findings Antiproliferative, antidiabetic, and cardiovascular-protective effects of argan oil have been particularly actively evaluated over the last 5 years in order to build on phytochemical studies that indicate the presence of large amounts of possibly pharmacologically active compounds. Summary This review shows that a lack of clinical data constitutes a serious weakness in our knowledge about argan oil, therefore it is difficult to correlate the reported pharmacological activities to any potential clinical relevance.

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Effect of eicosapentaenoic acid ethyl ester on hypothyroid function

Cited by 17 publications

References 23 publications

The effect of omega-3 on cognition in hypothyroid adult male rats

The effect of omega-3 on cognition in hypothyroid adult male rats

Thyroid hormone metabolism may depend on dietary fat

Therapeutic potential of argan oil: a review

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