Effect of Eicosapentaenoic Acid Rich Menhaden Oil and MaxEPA on the Autoimmune Disease of Mrl/l Mice

Westberg, Gunnar; Tarkowski, Andrej; Svalander, Christian

doi:10.1159/000234732

Cited by 20 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Moreover, a recent study reported that omega-6 PUFAs did not have the same beneficial effect on lupus nephritis as omega-3 PUFAs ( 96 ). The disease-ameliorating effect of omega-3 PUFA against murine lupus was further confirmed in several lupus-prone mouse models other than NZB/W F1 ( 86 , 97 , 98 ). Starting late 1980s, more than 10 interventional studies with omega-3 PUFAs as treatments have been done in patients with SLE.…”

Section: Environmental Factors and Slementioning

confidence: 76%

SLE: Another Autoimmune Disorder Influenced by Microbes and Diet?

2015

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Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multi-system autoimmune disease. Despite years of study, the etiology of SLE is still unclear. Both genetic and environmental factors have been implicated in the disease mechanisms. In the past decade, a growing body of evidence has indicated an important role of gut microbes in the development of autoimmune diseases, including type 1 diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, and multiple sclerosis. However, such knowledge on SLE is little, though we have already known that environmental factors can trigger the development of lupus. Several recent studies have suggested that alterations of the gut microbial composition may be correlated with SLE disease manifestations, while the exact roles of either symbiotic or pathogenic microbes in this disease remain to be explored. Elucidation of the roles of gut microbes – as well as the roles of diet that can modulate the composition of gut microbes – in SLE will shed light on how this autoimmune disorder develops, and provide opportunities for improved biomarkers of the disease and the potential to probe new therapies. In this review, we aim to compile the available evidence on the contributions of diet and gut microbes to SLE occurrence and pathogenesis.

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Section: Environmental Factors and Slementioning

confidence: 76%

SLE: Another Autoimmune Disorder Influenced by Microbes and Diet?

2015

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“…Elegant studies from the Fernandes laboratory have related the delayed onset and decreased severity of renal disease exhibited in fish oil-fed NZBWF1 mice to reduced IL-1β, TNF-α, TGFβ1, ICAM-1 and fibronectin expression and increased expression of antioxidant enzymes [16], [17], [18], [19], [20]. The ameliorative effects of n-3 PUFAs have been similarly replicated in two other murine SLE models, BXSB/MpJ and MRL-1pr/1pr, as evidenced by decreased proteinuria and glomerular injury as well as increased lifespan [14], [21], [22]. Effects of fish oil in MRL-1pr/1pr mice were linked to altered eicosanoid metabolism as well as decreased plasma IL-6, IL-10, IL-12 and TNF-α [23], [24], [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Comparative Effects of n-3, n-6 and n-9 Unsaturated Fatty Acid-Rich Diet Consumption on Lupus Nephritis, Autoantibody Production and CD4+ T Cell-Related Gene Responses in the Autoimmune NZBWF1 Mouse

et al. 2014

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Mortality from systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), a prototypical autoimmune disease, correlates with the onset and severity of kidney glomerulonephritis. There are both preclinical and clinical evidence that SLE patients may benefit from consumption of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) found in fish oil, but the mechanisms remain unclear. Here we employed the NZBWF1 SLE mouse model to compare the effects of dietary lipids on the onset and severity of autoimmune glomerulonephritis after consuming: 1) n-3 PUFA-rich diet containing docosahexaenoic acid-enriched fish oil (DFO), 2) n-6 PUFA-rich Western-type diet containing corn oil (CRN) or 3) n-9 monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA)-rich Mediterranean-type diet containing high oleic safflower oil (HOS). Elevated plasma autoantibodies, proteinuria and glomerulonephritis were evident in mice fed either the n-6 PUFA or n-9 MUFA diets, however, all three endpoints were markedly attenuated in mice that consumed the n-3 PUFA diet until 34 wk of age. A focused PCR array was used to relate these findings to the expression of 84 genes associated with CD4+ T cell function in the spleen and kidney both prior to and after the onset of the autoimmune nephritis. n-3 PUFA suppression of autoimmunity in NZBWF1 mice was found to co-occur with a generalized downregulation of CD4+ T cell-related genes in kidney and/or spleen at wk 34. These genes were associated with the inflammatory response, antigen presentation, T cell activation, B cell activation/differentiation and leukocyte recruitment. Quantitative RT-PCR of representative affected genes confirmed that n-3 PUFA consumption was associated with reduced expression of CD80, CTLA-4, IL-10, IL-18, CCL-5, CXCR3, IL-6, TNF-α and osteopontin mRNAs in kidney and/or spleens as compared to mice fed n-6 PUFA or n-9 MUFA diets. Remarkably, many of the genes identified in this study are currently under consideration as biomarkers and/or biotherapeutic targets for SLE and other autoimmune diseases.

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“…35,36 However, researchers of another study reported that the survival of mice (MRL/I) was not affected by polyunsaturated fatty acid deficiency. 37 In studies that do show positive results, limiting essential fatty acids may be beneficial because less are then available for the synthesis of specific prostaglandins responsible for inflammation.…”

Section: High Fat (Especially Saturated Fat and Omega-6 Polyunsaturatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lupus erythematosus and nutrition: A review of the literature

Brown

2000

Journal of Renal Nutrition

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Effect of Eicosapentaenoic Acid Rich Menhaden Oil and MaxEPA on the Autoimmune Disease of Mrl/l Mice

Cited by 20 publications

References 14 publications

SLE: Another Autoimmune Disorder Influenced by Microbes and Diet?

SLE: Another Autoimmune Disorder Influenced by Microbes and Diet?

Comparative Effects of n-3, n-6 and n-9 Unsaturated Fatty Acid-Rich Diet Consumption on Lupus Nephritis, Autoantibody Production and CD4+ T Cell-Related Gene Responses in the Autoimmune NZBWF1 Mouse

Lupus erythematosus and nutrition: A review of the literature

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