Effect of electric field on Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanowire growth during thermal oxidation

Zhao, Chunwang; Xue, Yannan; Jin, Yongjun

doi:10.1142/s0217984916500548

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The growth of Fe 2 O 3 nanowires by simultaneous application of Joule heating and an external electric during oxidation of iron has been reported in the study by Zhao et al [57] Arrays of nanowires perpendicular to the heated iron strips were obtained in 1 min. Increasing the field intensity caused longer and thinner nanowires with more uniform diameters A high thermal gradient from the core to the iron surface was suggested as the reason for the rapid growth.…”

Section: Growth Of Oxide Nanowires and Other Structures During Joule Heating Of Metalsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Growth of Metal Oxide Nanostructures by Thermal Oxidation of Metals Under Influence of External Electric Fields and Electric Current Flow

Piqueras

Hidalgo

2021

Physica Status Solidi (a)

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Thermal oxidation of metals in a furnace or a hot plate is a simple and low‐cost method to grow nanowires and other nanostructures of oxides of technological interest. In comparison with evaporation–deposition techniques based on vapor–solid (VS) or vapor–liquid–solid (VLS) mechanisms, thermal oxidation is a more direct and easy technique but does not normally lead to the formation of complex heterostructures or ternary oxides. Application of an external electric field at the sample during thermal oxidation has been used to improve the control of the nanowire dimensions, or final concentration on the starting metal surface. Other approach to grow oxide nanowires during the oxidation process is to heat the sample by Joule effect by the flow of a high‐density electric current in a metal wire. Joule heating has been found to reduce the growth time, typically some hours in thermal oxidation or evaporation–deposition methods, to few seconds or minutes. Herein, the results of representative articles on nanowire growth during thermal oxidation under the presence of an electric field and on the growth during Joule heating are summarized in the frame of mechanisms of stress relaxation‐driven ion diffusion and of thermally assisted electromigration.

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Section: Growth Of Oxide Nanowires and Other Structures During Joule Heating Of Metalsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Growth of Metal Oxide Nanostructures by Thermal Oxidation of Metals Under Influence of External Electric Fields and Electric Current Flow

Piqueras

Hidalgo

2021

Physica Status Solidi (a)

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“…field on the part of the wire passing between the plates. This experimental set up has been used previously, as reported by Hidalgo et al [14,18] and Zhao et al [19]. The shown polycrystalline metallic wires are commercially available (zinc (Thermo-Scientific Chemicals (Waltham, MA, USA), X18F005), titanium (Goodfellow (Huntingdon, England) TI00-WR-000123), and nickel (Goodfellow NI00-WR-000140)) with purities of 99.99%, 99.6%, and 99%, respectively.…”

Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The voltage between plates can vary from 0 V to 210 V. In our case, we selected V = 210 V and d = 2 cm, meaning E = 10,500 V/m; we then studied the effects of the electric field on the part of the wire passing between the plates. This experimental set up has been used previously, as reported by Hidalgo et al [ 14 , 18 ] and Zhao et al [ 19 ].…”

Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid Growth of Metal–Metal Oxide Core–Shell Structures through Joule Resistive Heating: Morphological, Structural, and Luminescence Characterization

Ramos-Justicia,

Urbieta,

Fernández

2023

Materials

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The aim of this study is to prove that resistive heating enables the synthesis of metal/metal oxide composites in the form of core–shell structures. The thickness and morphology of the oxide layer depends strongly on the nature of the metal, but the influences of parameters such as the time and current profiles and the presence of an external field have also been investigated. The systems chosen for the present study are Zn/ZnO, Ti/TiO2, and Ni/NiO. The characterization of the samples was performed using techniques based on scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The thicknesses of the oxide layers varied from 10 μm (Zn/ZnO) to 50 μm (Ni/NiO). In the case of Zn- and Ti-based composites, the growth of nanostructures on the oxide layer was observed. Micro- and nanoneedles formed on the ZnO layer while prism-like structures appeared on the TiO2. In the case of the NiO layer, micro- and nanocrystals were observed. Applying an external electric field seemed to align the ZnO needles, whereas its effect on TiO2 and NiO was less appreciable, principally affecting the shape of their grain boundaries. The chemical compositions were analysed using X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), which confirmed the existence of an oxide layer. Structural information was obtained by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and was later checked using Raman spectroscopy. The oxide layers seemed to be crystalline and, although some non-stoichiometric phases appeared, the stoichiometric phases were predominant; these were wurtzite, rutile, and cubic for Zn, Ti, and Ni oxides, respectively. The photoluminescence technique was used to study the distribution of defects on the shell, and mainly visible bands (2–2.5 eV), attributed to oxygen vacancies, were present. The near-band edges of ZnO and TiO2 were also observed around 3.2–3.3 eV.

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“…In one research was used the thermal oxidation method to synthesized Fe 2 O 3 nanowires via resistive heating and a transverse electric field which was applied perpendicularly to the substrate during thermal oxidation, prepare copper oxide nanowires and applied transverse electric field to the substrates [5]. Numerous groups have modeled deposition processes of thin films [6], but here we looked specifically at ZnO and investigated, at the nanoscale level, the effect of strong electric field on Zn condensation on substrate and using normal electric field on the growth of ZnO in two different time (2.5 and 10 h) of experiment.…”

Section: Introduction and Theoretical Frame Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid growth of zinc oxide nanobars in presence of electric field by physical vapor deposition

2017

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In this contribution, electric field has some effects to increase growth for specific time duration on zinc oxide (ZnO) nanobars. First, the zinc (Zn) thin film has been prepared by 235,000 V/m electric field assisted physical vapor deposition (PVD) at vacuum of 1.33 9 10 -5 mbar. Second, strong electric field of 134,000 V/m has been used in ambient for growing ZnO nanobars in term of the time include 2.5 and 10 h. The performances of the ZnO nanostructure in absence and presence of electric field have been determined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results of XRD analysis showed that ZnO has a hexagonal bars structure and a strongly preferred (101) orientation which is strongest than without applying electric field. SEM analysis revealed that physical vapored ZnO thin film in presence of electric field are densely packed with uniform morphological, thinner and denser in distribution. Electric field effect for ZnO growth in 2.5 h is better than it in the 2.5 h without electric field but by passing the time the media influence has good power almost as same as electric field. Through this electric field in PVD, the compact and uniform Zn film has been achieved which is less diameter than ordinary PVD method. Finally, we carry out a series of experiments to grow differentorientation ZnO nanobars with less than 100 nm in diameter, which are the time saving process in base of PVD ever reported. Therefore, the significant conclusion in usage electric field is reducing time of growth.Keywords Zn thin film Á Physical vapor deposition (PVD) Á ZnO nanostructure Á Strong electric field Introduction and theoretical frame work

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Effect of electric field on Fe₂O₃ nanowire growth during thermal oxidation

Cited by 3 publications

References 19 publications

Growth of Metal Oxide Nanostructures by Thermal Oxidation of Metals Under Influence of External Electric Fields and Electric Current Flow

Growth of Metal Oxide Nanostructures by Thermal Oxidation of Metals Under Influence of External Electric Fields and Electric Current Flow

Rapid Growth of Metal–Metal Oxide Core–Shell Structures through Joule Resistive Heating: Morphological, Structural, and Luminescence Characterization

Rapid growth of zinc oxide nanobars in presence of electric field by physical vapor deposition

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Effect of electric field on Fe2O3 nanowire growth during thermal oxidation

Cited by 3 publications

References 19 publications

Growth of Metal Oxide Nanostructures by Thermal Oxidation of Metals Under Influence of External Electric Fields and Electric Current Flow

Growth of Metal Oxide Nanostructures by Thermal Oxidation of Metals Under Influence of External Electric Fields and Electric Current Flow

Rapid Growth of Metal–Metal Oxide Core–Shell Structures through Joule Resistive Heating: Morphological, Structural, and Luminescence Characterization

Rapid growth of zinc oxide nanobars in presence of electric field by physical vapor deposition

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Effect of electric field on Fe₂O₃ nanowire growth during thermal oxidation